Abstract:
The present invention provides a printing medium, a printing method, and a printing apparatus using a photonic crystal characteristic. According to the present invention, the printing medium using the photonic crystal characteristic comprises a medium in which a plurality of particles having electric charges are dispersed, wherein the inter-particle distances of the particles are controlled as a result of at least one of electric fields and magnetic fields are applied to the medium, and the inter-particle distances of the particles are fixed as the energy is applied to the medium.
Abstract:
A display method and device using photonic crystal characteristics are disclosed. In the display method using photonic crystal characteristics when a plurality of particles having electric charges is dispersed in a solvent, an electric field is applied to control inter-particle distance.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a capacitor of a semiconductor device is disclosed including the step of forming a lower electrode layer on a semiconductor substrate, and a dielectric on the lower electrode layer, a part of the lower electrode layer, a part of the upper electrode layer adjacent to the dielectric of the capacitor including the upper electrode on the dielectric, or all of them containing oxygen.
Abstract:
A capacitor of a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed for preventing generation of leakage current, simplifying the manufacturing process, and improving electric characteristics of the device. The capacitor includes a substrate, an insulating layer having a contact hole therein, a plug formed in the contact hole, a first conductive layer formed on the plug, a conductive oxide layer formed on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer formed on the conductive oxide layer as part of a lower electrode, a dielectric layer formed on the entire surface inclusive of the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the dielectric layer.
Abstract:
An apparatus for preventing counterfeiting and alteration according to the present invention includes a magnetic changeable substance carrier part containing a magnetic changeable substance to vary reflected or transmitted light rays as an applied magnetic field is varied; a magnetic field generation part for generating a magnetic field applied to the magnetic changeable substance; and a moveable part for varying at least one of the intensity, direction and pattern of the magnetic field applied to the magnetic changeable substance according to an externally applied stimulus so as to change the appearance of the magnetic changeable substance.
Abstract:
A display device and a display method using magnetic particles are disclosed. The display method includes: applying a first magnetic field to a plurality of particles in a state where the plurality of particles having a magnetic property and a certain color are dispersed in a solvent so that the plurality of particles are aligned in a direction parallel to a direction of the first magnetic field, and thus a plurality of particle chains are formed; and applying a second magnetic field to at least a part of the formed plurality of particle chains so that at least a part of the plurality of particle chains moves in a direction close to a display surface in an area to which the second magnetic field is applied, and thus the certain color is displayed on the display surface.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a display method and device using an electromagnetophoretic property. The display method includes: applying at least one of an electric field and magnetic field to a plurality of particles configured to possess an electric charge and magnetic property and to exhibit a first color, in a state in which the particles are dispersed in a solvent configured to exhibit a second color, so that at least one of the first and second colors is exhibited; and changing at least one of intensity and orientation of the applied electric field or magnetic field, so that the particles are moved in a predetermined direction to exhibit at least one of the first and second colors.
Abstract:
A display method and device using photonic crystal characteristics are disclosed. In the display method using photonic crystal characteristics in accordance with the present invention, when a plurality of particles having electric charges are dispersed in a solvent, an electric field is applied to control inter-particle distance.
Abstract:
In a display method or device according to one embodiment of the present invention, at least two of a photonic crystal reflection mode, a unique color reflection mode and a transmittance tuning mode may be implemented to be switched to each other within the same unit pixel. In addition, a machine readable storage medium recording a computer program performing the display method is provided.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a capacitor in a semiconductor device, in which oxidization of upper and lower electrodes and wiring films is prevented during annealing a capacitor dielectric film for improving device characteristics, the capacitor having a lower electrode, a dielectric film formed on a surface of the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the dielectric film, the method including the steps of: (1) forming the dielectric film of at least one oxide selected from a group of oxides of Lead (Pb), Zirconium (Zr), Tantalum (Ta), Barium (Ba), Strontium (Sr), and Titanium (Ti); (2) forming the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the capacitor with a metal having a standard Gibbs free energy greater than an oxide metal of the dielectric film; and (3) annealing to crystallize the dielectric film in an atmosphere of which partial pressure ratio of PH20/PH2 is 10-20E˜10E0.