公开(公告)号：US06885448B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10276994

申请日：2002-03-26

Applicant: Kazunori Tsutsui ,  Motonobu Akagi ,  Yasushi Zasu ,  Katsuhiro Morisawa

Inventor： Kazunori Tsutsui ,  Motonobu Akagi ,  Yasushi Zasu ,  Katsuhiro Morisawa

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01N13/00 ,  G01N15/02

CPC classification number: G01N15/0211 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01N2013/003

Abstract: A photon correlator comprises a plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e which are open during different periods of time; a plurality of memories 12a-12e each provided corresponding to each of the plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e for storing data corresponding to the number of photons; and a data processing control section for reading out the data stored in the memories 12a-12e, and performing a correlation calculation by means of software. The mechanism of the hardware comprising the sampling gates 11a-11e and memories 12a-12e enables high-speed writing of data in the memories and real-time read out of the data. In addition, the software performs correlation calculations in parallel with the above processing. Accordingly, the particle sizes and diffusion coefficient of particles in a fluid can be obtained at high speed under various conditions.

Abstract translation: 光子相关器包括在不同时间段内打开的多个采样门11a至11e; 每个对应于多个采样门11 a-11e中的每一个提供的多个存储器12a-12e，用于存储对应于光子数量的数据; 以及数据处理控制部分，用于读出存储在存储器12a-12e中的数据，并通过软件进行相关计算。 包括采样门11 a-11 e和存储器12 a-12 e的硬件的机制使得能够高速地将数据写入存储器并实时读出数据。 此外，软件与上述处理并行执行相关计算。 因此，可以在各种条件下高速地获得流体中的颗粒的粒径和扩散系数。

公开(公告)号：US06844552B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-18

申请号：US09826458

申请日：2001-04-05

Applicant: Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Masahiko Tani ,  Zhiping Jiang ,  Qin Chen

Inventor： Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Masahiko Tani ,  Zhiping Jiang ,  Qin Chen

IPC: G01N21/17 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/3581 ,  G01J11/00

Abstract: A system for emitting and detecting terahertz frequency electromagnetic pulses. The system comprises a single transceiver device, which may be an electro-optic crystal or photoconductive antenna, for both emitting and detecting the pulses. A related method comprises using a single transceiver device to both emit and detect electromagnetic terahertz frequency pulses. The transceiver device is excited by a pump pulse to emit a terahertz output pulse, which is modulated with a chopper. An object reflects the terahertz pulse and the reflected pulse is detected in the transceiver using a probe pulse. A lock-in amplifier set to the same frequency of the chopper is used to reduce noise in the signal detected by the transceiver. An image of the object may be created using the intensity or the timing of the peak amplitude of the terahertz pulses reflected from the object.

Abstract translation: 用于发射和检测太赫兹频率电磁脉冲的系统。 该系统包括单个收发器装置，其可以是电光晶体或光电导天线，用于发射和检测脉冲。 相关方法包括使用单个收发器装置来发射和检测电磁太赫兹频率脉冲。 收发器设备被泵浦脉冲激发以发射用斩波器调制的太赫兹输出脉冲。 一个对象反映了太赫兹脉冲，并且使用探针脉冲在收发器中检测到反射的脉冲。 设置为与斩波器相同频率的锁定放大器用于降低由收发器检测到的信号中的噪声。 可以使用从对象反射的太赫兹脉冲的峰值振幅的强度或定时来创建对象的图像。

公开(公告)号：US06160626A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US248311

申请日：1999-02-11

Applicant: Jean Debeau ,  Remi Boittin

Inventor： Jean Debeau ,  Remi Boittin

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G01J9/02

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a phase relation of a signal in which a spectrum thereof includes a spectral component at a central optical frequency f.sub.0 and frequency spikes f.sub.n =f.sub.0 .+-.nF, where n is an integer. The apparatus includes device (29, 26, 28, 30 and 32) for producing signals representative of phase differences between two frequency spikes for each pair of adjacent frequency spikes of the frequency spikes f.sub.n.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定信号的相位关系的方法和装置，其中其频谱包括中心光频率f0的频谱分量和频率尖峰fn = f0 +/- nF，其中n是整数。 该装置包括用于产生表示频率尖峰fn的每对相邻频率尖峰的两个频率峰值之间的相位差的信号的装置（29,26,28,30和32）。

公开(公告)号：US6130419A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US344063

申请日：1999-06-25

Applicant: Daniel R. Neal

Inventor： Daniel R. Neal

IPC: G01J9/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G01J1/20

CPC classification number: G01J9/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G02B3/0025 ,  G02B3/0056 ,  G02B5/1876 ,  G02B5/1885 ,  G02B3/0075

Abstract: A rigid mount and method of mounting for a wavefront sensor. A wavefront dissector, such as a lenslet array, is rigidly mounted at a fixed distance relative to an imager, such as a CCD camera, without need for a relay imaging lens therebetween.

Abstract translation: 一种用于波前传感器的刚性安装和安装方法。 诸如小透镜阵列的波前解剖器相对于诸如CCD相机的成像器以固定的距离被刚性地安装，而不需要它们之间的中继成像透镜。

公开(公告)号：US6025911A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

申请号：US555717

申请日：1995-11-14

Applicant: Scott A. Diddams ,  Jean-Claude M. Diels ,  Prien Steffen

Inventor： Scott A. Diddams ,  Jean-Claude M. Diels ,  Prien Steffen

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: A measuring device completely determines the characteristics of light pulses in a beam of ultrashort light pulses using optoelectronic detectors instead of second harmonic generating crystals. An optical system provides a spatial dispersion of an ultrashort pulse in at least one dimension. A two slit filter intercepts the dispersed beam whereby the transmitted spectra combine to provide a beat frequency within selected limits. An optoelectronic detector detects the beat frequency and outputs a signal functionally related to the beat frequency that contains spectral phase information that is sufficient to characterize the pulse. In another embodiment, a beam splitter splits the beam into first and second beams, wherein one of the beams is time delayed and the other beam is spectrally dispersed. The two beam are recombined to provide information about the spectral phase of the ultrashort pulse. The pulse is completely characterized when the spectral phase information is combined with amplitude information.

Abstract translation: 测量装置使用光电检测器而不是二次谐波产生晶体完全确定超短光脉冲束中的光脉冲的特性。 光学系统在至少一个维度上提供超短脉冲的空间色散。 两个狭缝滤波器拦截分散的光束，由此传输的光谱结合在一起提供了选定极限内的拍频。 光电检测器检测拍频，并输出功能上与拍频相关的信号，该信号包含足以表征脉冲的光谱相位信息。 在另一个实施例中，分束器将光束分裂成第一和第二光束，其中光束之一被延时并且另一束光谱分散。 两个光束被重组以提供关于超短脉冲的光谱相位的信息。 当频谱相位信息与幅度信息组合时，脉冲被完全表征。

公开(公告)号：US5966236A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-12

申请号：US927045

申请日：1997-09-10

Applicant: Hideki Okuno

Inventor： Hideki Okuno

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H04B10/07 ,  H04B10/079 ,  H04B10/29 ,  H04B10/293 ,  H04B10/296 ,  H04B10/524 ,  H04B10/564 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H04B10/12

CPC classification number: H04B10/296 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical amplification device comprising a pulser for pulsing a multi-channel signal which has been wavelength division multiplexed; a pulse signal disperser for dispersing the pulsed signal at each wavelength and outputting a dispersed pulse signal; and an optoelectronic converter for converting the dispersed pulse signal to an electrical signal. The number of channels of a multi-channel signal can be counted by counting the number of peaks in a time waveform of the electrical signal. The pulse signal disperser can be realized by using a high dispersion medium having high wavelength dispersion. The pulser can be realized by using an optical switch utilizing a mechanical, acousto-optical or electro-optical effects. The optical signal channel counter can be applied in an optical amplification device and stable optical amplification can be performed by counting the number of channels of an inputted optical signal and outputting pump light in compliance with said number of channels. The number of channels of a multi-channel signal can thus be counted accurately and the configuration of the counter which executes counting can be simplified.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光放大装置，包括用于脉冲多波长信号的脉冲发生器，脉冲发生器已被波分复用; 脉冲信号分散器，用于在每个波长处分散脉冲信号并输出​​分散的脉冲信号; 以及用于将分散的脉冲信号转换为电信号的光电转换器。 可以通过对电信号的时间波形中的峰值数进行计数来计数多声道信号的声道数。 脉冲信号分散器可以通过使用具有高波长色散的高分散介质来实现。 脉冲发生器可以通过使用利用机械，声光或电光效应的光学开关来实现。 光信号通道计数器可以应用在光放大装置中，并且可以通过对所输入的光信号的通道数进行计数并输出符合所述通道数的泵浦光来执行稳定的光放大。 因此可以精确地计数多信道信号的信道数，并且可以简化执行计数的计数器的配置。

公开(公告)号：US5959727A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US905233

申请日：1997-08-01

Applicant: William T. Krohn

Inventor： William T. Krohn

IPC: G01J1/02 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01S7/483 ,  G01S7/497 ,  G01S17/88 ,  G01J1/10

CPC classification number: G01S7/483 ,  G01J1/4257 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G01S7/497

Abstract: An energy beam threat discrimination system (110) adapted for use with laser beam energy (134). The system (110) includes an first detector (114) for detecting a first laser signal. A second detector (112) detects a coherent laser signal. A timer circuit (124, 126) establishes a time interval between the detection of the first laser signal and the detection of the coherent laser signal and provides an output (130) in response thereto. A control circuit (128, 130) determines, based on the output (130), if the first laser signal and/or the second laser signal is threatening. In a specific embodiment, the first detector (114) provides an event detection flag (118) as an output in response to the detection of a first laser signal. The first detector (114) includes a high sensitivity laser light detector (142), a pre-amplifier (144), and an analog threshold circuit (146). The coherent detector (112) provides a coherent detection flag (116) as an output in response to the detection of the coherent laser signal. The timing circuit (124, 126) receives the event detection flag (118) as input and includes a digital clock circuit (124) that starts a timer (126) upon receipt of the event detection flag (118). The control circuit (128) includes a digital comparator circuit (128) in communication with the timing circuit (124, 126), and receives the coherent detection flag (116) as input. The digital comparator circuit (128) is activated by the receipt of the coherent detection flag (116) which triggers a comparison between the output (130) of the timer circuit (124, 126) and a time threshold (131) and provides a reflection signal output indicating if the laser signal is a potential threat or not. The time threshold (131) is the maximum time value allowable for the output (130) for determining that the laser signal is a potential threat and is approximately 10 nanoseconds. Alternatively, the time threshold is the maximum time value allowable for the output (130) for determining that the laser signal is not a potential threat and is approximately 40 microseconds.

公开(公告)号：US5781322A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US696074

申请日：1996-08-13

Applicant: Haruyoshi Uchiyama ,  Zhixien Li ,  Kazuo Aida

Inventor： Haruyoshi Uchiyama ,  Zhixien Li ,  Kazuo Aida

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H04B10/00

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: An optical pulse signal produced by modulating a continuous laser light by means of a first pulse having a period sufficiently shorter than the atomic lifetime in the upper energy state of a rare earth doped fiber is input to an optical amplifier to be measured, while an output signal from the optical amplifier is modulated by a second pulse synchronized with the first pulse and having a phase difference relative to the first pulse which can be optionally set so that rapid phase adjustment relative to the first pulse is possible based on the phase at the time of minimum optical power. The noise figure of the optical amplifier is then measured based on, the maximum photoelectric power (P.sub.AMP +P.sub.ASE) and the minimum photoelectric power P.sub.ASE of the resultant optical signal.

Abstract translation: 通过在稀土掺杂光纤的上能量状态下通过具有比原子寿命充分短的时间的第一脉冲调制连续激光而产生的光脉冲信号被输入到待测量的光放大器，而输出 来自光放大器的信号由与第一脉冲同步的第二脉冲调制，并具有相对于第一脉冲的相位差，该第一脉冲可以可选地被设置为使得可以基于当时的相位相对于第一脉冲进行快速相位调整 的最小光功率。 然后，基于最终的光信号的最大光电功率（PAMP + PASE）和最小光电功率PASE来测量光放大器的噪声系数。

公开(公告)号：US5732172A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

申请号：US705448

申请日：1996-08-29

Applicant: Charles Vann

Inventor： Charles Vann

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G02B6/34

Abstract: The Laser Pulse Sampler (LPS) measures temporal pulse shape without the problems of a streak camera. Unlike the streak camera, the laser pulse directly illuminates a camera in the LPS, i.e., no additional equipment or energy conversions are required. The LPS has several advantages over streak cameras. The dynamic range of the LPS is limited only by the range of its camera, which for a cooled camera can be as high as 16 bits, i.e., 65,536. The LPS costs less because there are fewer components, and those components can be mass produced. The LPS is easier to calibrate and maintain because there is only one energy conversion, i.e., photons to electrons, in the camera.

Abstract translation: 激光脉冲采样器（LPS）测量时间脉冲形状而没有条纹相机的问题。 与条纹相机不同，激光脉冲直接照射LPS中的相机，即不需要额外的设备或能量转换。 LPS相对于条纹相机具有几个优点。 LPS的动态范围仅受照相机的范围的限制，相机的范围可以高达16位，即65,536。 LPS成本较低，因为组件数量较少，而且这些组件可以批量生产。 由于在照相机中只有一个能量转换，即光子到电子，LPS更容易校准和维护。