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    High pressure relief for microwave digestion vessel assembly
    222.
    发明授权
    High pressure relief for microwave digestion vessel assembly 失效
    用于微波消解容器组件的高压释放

    公开(公告)号：US5948307A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US868756

    申请日：1997-06-04

    Applicant: David L. Stalling

    Inventor： David L. Stalling

    IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/12 ,  G01N1/44 ,  H05B6/64

    CPC classification number: G01N1/44 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J3/002 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J2219/0027 ,  B01J2219/1209 ,  B01J2219/1215

    Abstract: A high pressure and temperature microwave digestion vessel assembly with enhanced safety features is disclosed. The assembly includes a membrane that is rupturable for pressure relief, and a secondary pressure relief mechanism including a seal cap with an annular stress relief region that shears or fractures when excess pressure is in the vessel interior. The membrane is positioned on a post extending from the seal cap into the inner liner. The diameter of the venting orifice may be adjusted to vary the desired pressure relief. The assembly also includes a piercing mechanism for venting the vessel after digestion is completed.

    Abstract translation: 公开了具有增强的安全特征的高压和高温微波消解容器组件。 组件包括可破裂的用于压力释放的膜，以及次级压力释放机构，包括具有环形应力消除区域的密封盖，当超负荷在容器内部时，所述环形应力释放区域被剪切或断裂。 膜位于从密封帽延伸到内衬里的柱上。 排气孔的直径可以调节以改变所需的压力释放。 组件还包括用于在消化完成之后使容器排气的穿孔机构。

    Apparatus for hydrolyzing cellulosic material
    223.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for hydrolyzing cellulosic material 失效
    水解纤维素材料的装置

    公开(公告)号：US5879637A

    公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

    申请号：US950896

    申请日：1997-10-15

    Applicant: James A. Titmas

    Inventor： James A. Titmas

    IPC: C12M1/08 ,  C12M1/40 ,  C12N1/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  B01J3/04

    CPC classification number: C12P7/10 ,  C12M45/06 ,  Y02E50/16

    Abstract: Cellulosic material is converted to ethanol by hydrolyzing the cellulosic material in a gravity pressure vessel (50), and fermenting the product thereof. The gravity pressure vessel (50) employed is adapted to accommodate a continuous hydrolysis reaction and maximize the fermentable product yield on a commercial scale. The gravity pressure vessel (50) employed is also adapted to maximize the thermodynamic efficiencies of the hydrolysis reaction, as well as the entire ethanol producing process.

    Abstract translation: 通过在重力压力容器（50）中水解纤维素材料并将其产物发酵，将纤维素材料转化为乙醇。 所用的重力压力容器（50）适于适应连续的水解反应并使工业规模上的可发酵产物产率最大化。 所采用的重力压力容器（50）还适于使水解反应的热力学效率以及整个乙醇生产过程最大化。

    Autoclave with heat chamber having sliding peripheral wall
    226.
    发明授权
    Autoclave with heat chamber having sliding peripheral wall 失效
    高压灭菌器具有滑动周壁的加热室

    公开(公告)号：US5762889A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

    申请号：US813580

    申请日：1997-03-07

    Applicant: James A. Hopper

    Inventor： James A. Hopper

    IPC: A61L2/07 ,  B01J3/04 ,  A61L2/00

    CPC classification number: B01J3/04 ,  A61L2/07

    Abstract: An autoclave having end walls sturdily attached to one another by rods and a mobile, cylindrical lateral wall. When the lateral wall is moved into an operable position over the end walls, thereby sealing a working chamber defined between the end walls and when steam is introduced into the working chamber, each end wall will counteract pressure acting on its opposing counterpart. The autoclave need not be reinforced to hold the walls together. The rods connecting the end walls are hollow, and have ports disposed within the working chamber, so that steam may be introduced into the working chamber through these rods. Air from within the working chamber may also be vented by the rods. The lateral wall is vertically oriented and moved. A retaining wall traps condensate, which would otherwise escape when the lateral wall is lifted. An optional powered apparatus lifts and lowers the lateral wall into positions respectively exposing and sealing the working chamber. In a further option, the lateral wall is frustoconical rather than cylindrical, thereby avoiding sliding contact with the end walls.

    Abstract translation: 一种高压釜，其端壁通过杆和一个可移动的圆柱形侧壁彼此牢固连接。 当侧壁移动到端壁上方的可操作位置时，由此密封限定在端壁之间的工作室，并且当蒸汽被引入到工作室中时，每个端壁将抵消作用在其相对的对应物上的压力。 高压灭菌器不需要加固，以将墙壁保持在一起。 连接端壁的杆是中空的，并且具有设置在工作室内的端口，从而可以通过这些杆将蒸汽引入到工作室中。 工作室内的空气也可以被棒排出。 侧壁垂直取向并移动。 挡土墙收集冷凝物，当侧壁被抬起时，其将会逸出。 可选的动力装置将侧壁提升并降低分别暴露和密封工作室的位置。 在另一个选择中，侧壁是截头圆锥形而不是圆柱形，从而避免与端壁的滑动接触。

    Internal platelet heat source and method of use in a supercritical water oxidation reactor
    228.
    发明授权
    Internal platelet heat source and method of use in a supercritical water oxidation reactor 失效
    内部血小板热源及其在超临界水氧化反应器中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US5670040A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-23

    申请号：US696205

    申请日：1996-08-13

    Applicant: Kawaljit Singh Ahluwalia

    Inventor： Kawaljit Singh Ahluwalia

    IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F1/72

    CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00112 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: A process and apparatus for the supercritical water oxidation of organic waste materials which avoids or at least substantially reduces the corrosion and solids deposition problems associated with prior art techniques and which provides for efficient heating of the waste material to reaction conditions. Externally heated supercritical water is fed to a compound platelet tube reactor. The compound reactor includes a reaction zone and inner (smaller) and outer (larger) concentric platelet tubes supported concentrically within a shell. The water fed to the reactor both protectively coats surfaces of the inner and outer platelet tubes facing the reaction zone and heats the waste stream to oxidation reaction conditions. Higher reaction temperatures can be used as compared to prior art processes, which significantly improves the reaction rate and permits smaller reactors to be used. The protective films of water on the surfaces of the platelet tubes, coupled with the elimination of preheating of the waste material, substantially reduces solids deposition and corrosion.

    Abstract translation: 用于有机废物的超临界水氧化的方法和装置，其避免或至少基本上减少与现有技术相关的腐蚀和固体沉积问题，并提供废物对反应条件的有效加热。 将外部加热的超临界水送入复合血小板反应器。 复合反应器包括反应区和内（较小）和外（较小）的同心的小心管，同心地在壳内。 供应到反应器的水均有保护地涂覆面向反应区的内部和外部血小板管的表面，并将废物流加热至氧化反应条件。 与现有技术方法相比，可以使用更高的反应温度，这显着地提高了反应速率并允许使用较小的反应器。 在血小板管表面上的水的保护膜加上消除废物的预热，基本上减少了固体沉积和腐蚀。

    Processing vessel
    229.
    发明授权
    Processing vessel 失效
    加工容器

    公开(公告)号：US5667758A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-16

    申请号：US720072

    申请日：1996-09-27

    Applicant: Nobuo Matsugi ,  Haruyuki Nishimi

    Inventor： Nobuo Matsugi ,  Haruyuki Nishimi

    IPC: B01J14/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  F28D1/06 ,  F28D9/00 ,  F28D7/00 ,  B01J3/00

    CPC classification number: B01J3/046 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J3/04 ,  F28D1/06 ,  F28D9/0006 ,  B01J2219/00065 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943

    Abstract: A processing vessel in which a temperature control element defining a helical flow passage, disposed on an outer surface of an inner barrel within the processing vessel. The barrel contains a processing liquid and a heating or cooling temperature control medium is caused to flow through the flow passage. The inner barrel and temperature control element are disposed in a vessel body to define a chamber between the temperature control element and an inner surface of the vessel body. The chamber defined between the vessel body and the temperature control element is a closed chamber. Preferably, a system for generally equalizing the pressures in the inner barrel and the closed chamber is provided. The temperature control element can be assembled in the vessel body after being manufactured outside the vessel body. Therefore, the processing vessel can be manufactured with improved efficiency and can be serviced by ordinary in-vessel maintenance operations.

    Abstract translation: 一种加工容器，其中限定螺旋流道的温度控制元件设置在处理容器内的内筒的外表面上。 桶体含有处理液，使加热或冷却温度控制介质流过流路。 内筒和温度控制元件设置在容器主体中，以在温度控制元件和容器主体的内表面之间限定腔室。 限定在容器主体和温度控制元件之间的腔室是封闭的腔室。 优选地，提供用于使内筒和封闭室中的压力大致均衡的系统。 温度控制元件可以在容器主体外部被制造在容器主体中。 因此，能够以提高的效率制造处理容器，并且可以通过普通的船内维护操作进行维修。

    Method and device in high-pressure treatment of liquid substances
    230.
    发明授权
    Method and device in high-pressure treatment of liquid substances 失效
    液体物质高压处理方法及装置

    公开(公告)号：US5658610A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

    申请号：US525622

    申请日：1995-09-22

    Applicant: Carl Bergman ,  Jan Westerlund

    Inventor： Carl Bergman ,  Jan Westerlund

    IPC: A23L2/42 ,  A23L3/015 ,  A61L2/02 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/20 ,  A23P1/00

    CPC classification number: A61L2/02 ,  A23L2/42 ,  A23L3/015 ,  B01J19/20 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/04

    Abstract: A method and device for high-pressure treatment of liquid substances, for example foodstuffs. The substance undergoes a cyclic process whereby a limited amount of the substance during each cycle is pressurized in a pressure intensifier (1) to a predetermined pressure and is then maintained at this pressure for a predetermined period of time. After the substance has been pressurized in the pressure intensifier (1), it is conducted to a pressure chamber (10) while maintaining the predetermined pressure. The substance is further caused to reside in the pressure chamber (10) for the predetermined period of time by being caused to pass over a predetermined distance between an inlet (9a) and an outlet (9b), which are arranged in the pressure chamber (10).

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SE94 / 00260 Sec。 371日期1995年9月22日 102（e）1995年9月22日PCT 1994年3月23日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 21145 日期1994年9月29日液体物质例如食品的高压处理方法和装置。 物质经历循环过程，由此在每个循环期间将有限量的物质在增压器（1）中加压至预定压力，然后在该压力下保持预定的时间。 物质在增压器（1）中被加压之后，在保持预定压力的同时将其传导到压力室（10）。 物质进一步通过在设置在压力室中的入口（9a）和出口（9b）之间经过预定距离而在压力室（10）中停留预定时间段 10）。

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