公开(公告)号：US5789741A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-04

申请号：US740592

申请日：1996-10-31

Applicant: Malcolm L. Kinter ,  James L. Beck

Inventor： Malcolm L. Kinter ,  James L. Beck

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J5/30 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/50

Abstract: An agricultural implement (for example, a spray device) differentiates living plants growing in a field from background materials (such as soil) by detecting a change in slope of a reflectance characteristic of objects in a field of view. By using a change in slope of the reflectance characteristic, a small percentage of living plant material in the field of view can be detected and the agricultural implement need not be calibrated to a particular background material. In some embodiments, if the change in slope is determined to exceed a predetermined threshold amount, then it is determined that a weed likely exists in the field of view and a solenoid-operated spray valve is opened at the appropriate time to spray the entire area (including the weed) that was in the field of view with herbicide.

Abstract translation: 农业工具（例如，喷雾装置）通过检测在视场中的物体的反射特性的斜率的变化来区分野外生长的植物与背景材料（例如土壤）。 通过使用反射率特性的斜率变化，可以检测到在视野中的生物植物材料的一小部分，并且不需要对特定背景材料校准农具。 在一些实施例中，如果确定斜率的变化超过预定的阈值量，则确定在视野中可能存在杂草，并且在适当的时间打开电磁操作的喷雾阀以喷射整个区域 （包括杂草）在除草剂领域。

公开(公告)号：US5703365A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-30

申请号：US545580

申请日：1995-11-20

Applicant: Yoshio Ishihara ,  Hiroshi Masusaki ,  Shang-Qian Wu ,  Koh Matsumoto

Inventor： Yoshio Ishihara ,  Hiroshi Masusaki ,  Shang-Qian Wu ,  Koh Matsumoto

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01N21/39 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G01N21/3554

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for measuring an impurity in a trace concentration in a gas to be measured by means of infrared spectroscopic analysis employing a diode laser. In order to carry out analysis with high sensitivity and high accuracy, the gas to be measured is directed into sample cell 5 and placed in a low pressure state by means of pump 16. Infrared light from the wavelength region in which strong absorption peaks from the impurity can be obtained are oscillated from the diode laser 1, and a derivative absorption spectrum is measured by passing the infrared rays through sample cell 5 and reference cell 8 which is filled with the impurity alone. The spectrum for the gas to be measured and the spectrum for the impurity alone are compared, and the impurity is identified by confirming a plurality of absorption peaks originating from the impurity. Determination of the impurity is then carried out from absorption intensity of the strongest peak. In the case where molecules of the gaseous impurity form clusters in the gas to be measured, analysis is carried while dissociating the clusters by irradiating light having a photon energy of 0.5 eV or greater. The present invention is particularly suitable for carrying out analysis of trace quantities of impurities present in the gases which are used as materials for semiconductor manufacturing.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / JP95 / 00523 Sec。 371日期：1995年11月20日 102（e）1995年11月20日日期PCT 1995年3月22日PCT公布。 公开号WO95 / 26497 日期：1995年10月5日本发明涉及通过使用二极管激光器的红外光谱分析来测量要测量的气体中的微量浓度的杂质的装置和方法。 为了以高灵敏度和高精度进行分析，将待测量的气体引入样品池5中，并通过泵16置于低压状态。来自波长区域的红外光来自 可以获得从二极管激光器1振荡的杂质，并且通过使红外线通过单独填充有杂质的样品池5和参考电池8来测量衍生吸收光谱。 比较待测气体的光谱和单独的杂质的光谱，通过确认源自杂质的多个吸收峰来鉴定杂质。 然后从最强峰的吸收强度进行杂质测定。 在气体杂质的分子在待测量的气体中聚集的情况下，通过照射光子能量为0.5eV以上的光来解离簇，进行分析。 本发明特别适用于对用作半导体制造材料的气体中存在的微量杂质进行分析。

公开(公告)号：US5572031A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US344765

申请日：1994-11-23

Applicant: David E. Cooper ,  Jan E. ver der Laan ,  Haris Riris ,  Clinton B. Carlisle

Inventor： David E. Cooper ,  Jan E. ver der Laan ,  Haris Riris ,  Clinton B. Carlisle

IPC: G01D3/036 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01D21/02 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01D3/0365 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: RF modulation spectroscopy of a near-infrared tunable laser diode source is used to determine the oxygen concentration in a sample medium. A reference cell containing a known concentration of oxygen is used to calibrate the apparatus as well as to lock the laser on an oxygen absorption line. The temperature of the reference cell is monitored from which the pressure in the reference cell can be determined. Both the temperature and the pressure in the sample cell are monitored, either directly using independent transducers or indirectly using spectroscopic techniques. The oxygen content of the sample is determined, correcting for both temperature and pressure effects.

Abstract translation: 使用近红外可调激光二极管源的RF调制光谱来确定样品介质中的氧浓度。 使用含有已知浓度的氧的参比细胞来校准装置以及将激光器锁定在氧吸收线上。 监测参考电池的温度，从中可以确定参考电池中的压力。 监测样品池中的温度和压力，直接使用独立的换能器或间接使用光谱技术。 确定样品的氧含量，校正温度和压力的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5498875A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US292798

申请日：1994-08-17

Applicant: Robert J. Obremski ,  John W. Silzel

Inventor： Robert J. Obremski ,  John W. Silzel

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N2201/1293

Abstract: A method and apparatus determines the analyte content of a sample by generating first and second input signals and directing the input signals to the sample. The input signals differ in wavelength by at least 3 nanometers. Due to the interaction between the input signals and the sample, first and second output signals are generated. Each output signal comprises a resonant signal whose peak wavelength is substantially independent of the wavelength of the respective input signal, and a non-resonant output signal whose peak wavelength is dependent upon the wavelength of respective input signal. A detector is used to detect the two output signals, and by distinguishing the resonant output signals from the non-resonant output signals, data about the analyte content of the sample is determined. Principal components regression analysis or multivariate quantitative analysis can be applied to the output signals, for the purpose of distinguishing between the resonant and non-resonant signals. The method and apparatus can also distinguish resonant output signals from each other, and non-resonant output signals from each other.

Abstract translation: 方法和装置通过产生第一和第二输入信号并将输入信号引导到样品来确定样品的分析物含量。 输入信号波长不同至少3纳米。 由于输入信号和采样之间的相互作用，产生了第一和第二输出信号。 每个输出信号包括峰值波长基本上与各个输入信号的波长无关的谐振信号，以及峰值波长取决于相应输入信号的波长的非谐振输出信号。 检测器用于检测两个输出信号，并且通过区分谐振输出信号与非谐振输出信号，确定关于样品的分析物含量的数据。 主成分回归分析或多变量定量分析可以应用于输出信号，以区分谐振和非谐振信号。 该方法和装置还可以区分彼此的谐振输出信号和彼此之间的非谐振输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US5267019A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US767497

申请日：1991-09-30

Applicant: Edward A. Whittaker ,  Hoi C. Sun

Inventor： Edward A. Whittaker ,  Hoi C. Sun

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/61

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/399

Abstract: A method and apparatus using a frequency tunable laser to generate a beam which passes through a sample cell and onto an optical detector wherein the tunable laser is modulated at a predetermined frequency which has the undesired effect of producing a periodic interference fringe near an absorption induced signal. An additional level of modulation is applied to the laser beam by a triangular waveform having a predetermined peak-to-peak amplitude and frequency. The triangular waveform peak-to-peak amplitude produces a frequency swing of the laser beam so as to generate from the periodic interference fringe, a signal having reduced components near the absorption induced signal. The signal at the optical detector is demodulated by a lock-in amplifier tuned to a predetermined harmonic of the frequency of the triangular waveform.

Abstract translation: 一种使用频率可调激光器来产生通过样品池并且到光学检测器上的光束的方法和装置，其中可调谐激光器以预定的频率被调制，该预定频率具有在吸收感应信号附近产生周期性干涉条纹的不利影响 。 通过具有预定的峰 - 峰幅度和频率的三角波形，对激光束施加附加的调制电平。 三角波形峰 - 峰幅度产生激光束的频率摆动，以便从周期性干涉条纹产生具有在吸收感应信号附近减小的分量的信号。 在光检测器处的​​信号被调谐到三角波形的频率的预定谐波的锁定放大器解调。

公开(公告)号：US4997280A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-05

申请号：US413063

申请日：1989-09-27

Applicant: Karl Norris

Inventor： Karl Norris

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/433

CPC classification number: G01J3/2889 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J2003/2876 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/4738

Abstract: In a spectrophotometric instrument, a system is provided to correct for distortion caused by rapid scanning of the spectrum. In the instrument, photodetectors detect light energy which is scanned through a spectrum at a rapid rate. An amplifier amplifies the output signal generated by the photodetectors. The output signal of the amplifier is sampled at increments and the samples are converted to digital values. A first derivative is determined from the digital values by subtracting from each value the value from the preceding increment. The first derivative values are multiplied times a constant selected to correct for the distortion and the resulting product values are added to the amplitude digital values to provide a set of corrected values representing the intensity detected by the photodetectors.

公开(公告)号：US4979823A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-25

申请号：US267050

申请日：1988-11-04

Applicant: Joachim Mohr ,  Felix Kerstan

Inventor： Joachim Mohr ,  Felix Kerstan

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/74

CPC classification number: G01N21/3103

Abstract: In a background compensation in material analysis, the value of the background signal is separated from the value of a gross analyte signal generated by athermal radiation excitation after thermal excitation. The thermal atomization takes place in a stepwise manner by stepwise heating and each step is divided into a first part for the measurement of the gross analyte signal and a second part for the measurement of the background signal.

Abstract translation: 在物质分析的背景补偿中，背景信号的值与热激发后由无热辐射激发产生的总分析物信号的值分开。 热雾化通过逐步加热以逐步方式进行，并且每个步骤被​​分成用于测量总分析物信号的第一部分和用于测量背景信号的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US4759630A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-26

申请号：US891132

申请日：1986-07-31

Applicant: Kunio Yuasa ,  Haruo Sugiyama ,  Masao Nagai ,  Kunihiko Kihara ,  Takao Akaishi ,  Yasushi Tsujihara

Inventor： Kunio Yuasa ,  Haruo Sugiyama ,  Masao Nagai ,  Kunihiko Kihara ,  Takao Akaishi ,  Yasushi Tsujihara

IPC: H01K3/00 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/67 ,  H01K3/30

CPC classification number: G01J3/2889 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/67 ,  G01J3/433

Abstract: The invention is a lamp quality judgement apparatus and judgement method which judge quality by detecting the state of gas sealed in an electric lamp such as a gas-filled incandescent lamp, etc. in which gas with an Argon-Nitrogen mixture as its main component is sealed. More particularly, a lamp in which such gas is sealed is classified as a good product or as a bad product by imposing a high DC voltage or a high AC or pulsed voltage with a comparatively low frequency of 1 kHz or less across the lamp's valve and filament coil to produce discharge and emission, in the lamp, of a light in a wavelength region in the vicinity of 560 nm and judging the radiation state in this 560 nm light spectrum, i.e., the state of discharge in the lamp. The means employed for detecting the light spectrum radiation state include means for judging lamp quality by monitoring the temporal response characteristic in the light spectrum in the 560 nm wavelength region and means for effecting accurate judgement of lamps regardless of variations in the state of discharge in lamps by detecting the difference in intensity of the light spectra of two wavelength regions which are the light spectrum of a 560 nm wavelength region and a light spectrum of a wavelength region other than the 560 nm wavelength region.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种灯质量判断装置和判断方法，其通过检测以氩氩混合物为主要成分的气体等气体填充白炽灯等电灯的密封状态来判断品质 密封。 更具体地说，这种气体被密封的灯被分类为好的产品，或通过在灯的阀门上施加1kHz或更小的相对较低的频率的高的直流电压或高的交流或脉冲电压来分类为不良产品， 在灯中产生在560nm附近的波长区域中的光的放电和发射，并判断该560nm光谱中的放射状态，即灯中的放电状态。 用于检测光谱辐射状态的手段包括通过监测560nm波长区域中的光谱中的时间响应特性来判断灯泡质量的装置，以及用于对灯进行准确判断的装置，而不管灯的放电状态如何变化 通过检测作为560nm波长区域的光谱和除了560nm波长区域以外的波长区域的光谱的两个波长区域的光谱的强度差。

公开(公告)号：US4591721A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-27

申请号：US659253

申请日：1984-10-10

Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01J1/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01J2003/4334

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for detecting the presence and amount of elemental oxygen in a sample cell. The intensity of extreme ultraviolet light passing through the sample cell at a wavelength band overlapping at least one of the Schumann-Runge absorption lines of oxygen is detected and compared with a predetermined non-absorbed condition of the ultraviolet light. The non-absorbed condition may be achieved by narrowing the wavelength band such that the band does not overlap the Schumann-Runge absorption line, or may be achieved by detecting the ultraviolet light passing through a reference cell. Also described is a novel ultraviolet source in which a cold zone captures neutral atoms of the emission gas to reduce the affect of resonance absorption of emitted ultraviolet light by such neutral atoms.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于检测样品池中元素氧的存在和量的方法和装置。 检测穿过样品池的极紫外光的强度，该波长带与氧素的至少一个Schumann-Runge吸收线重叠，并与紫外光的预定非吸收条件进行比较。 非吸收条件可以通过使波长带变窄使得该带不与舒曼 - 朗奇吸收线重叠来实现，或者可以通过检测通过参考电池的紫外光来实现。 还描述了一种新的紫外光源，其中冷区捕获发射气体的中性原子，以减少由这种中性原子发射的紫外光的共振吸收的影响。

公开(公告)号：US4448530A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-15

申请号：US237308

申请日：1981-02-23

Applicant: Albert Schmitt, deceased ,  by Magdalena S. Schmitt, heir ,  by Thomas Schmitt, heir ,  by Martin Schmitt, heir ,  by Georg Schmitt, heir ,  by Annette Schmitt, heir ,  Ernst Spreitzhofer

Inventor： Albert Schmitt, deceased ,  by Magdalena S. Schmitt, heir ,  by Thomas Schmitt, heir ,  by Martin Schmitt, heir ,  by Georg Schmitt, heir ,  by Annette Schmitt, heir ,  Ernst Spreitzhofer

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/433

Abstract: A spectrophotometer producing a derivative spectrum of a looked-for component of a sample includes means for producing an output signal which is directly representative of the concentration of the looked-for element.

Abstract translation: 产生样品组分的衍生光谱的分光光度计包括用于产生直接代表所寻找元素的浓度的输出信号的装置。