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    Hydrogenation of aluminum using a supercritical fluid medium
    21.
    发明授权
    Hydrogenation of aluminum using a supercritical fluid medium 失效
    使用超临界流体介质氢化铝

    公开(公告)号：US08420047B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-16

    申请号：US13053117

    申请日：2011-03-21

    Applicant: Gerard Sean McGrady

    Inventor： Gerard Sean McGrady

    IPC: C01F7/02 ,  C01B3/24

    CPC classification number: C01B6/06 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/04 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controllably converting aluminum into alane. In the system of the invention, a reaction between aluminum and hydrogen to form alane is performed at temperatures below 100° C. using a supercritical fluid such as CO2 as a reaction medium, with the optional inclusion of a co-solvent, such as an ether, in the reaction vessel. Inert gas is used to exclude unwanted gases such as oxygen. The reaction of aluminum and hydrogen has been observed to proceed at approximately 60° C. using Me2O as an added solvent in CO2 at supercritical pressures.

    Abstract translation: 铝可控地转化为丙烷的装置和方法。 在本发明的系统中，使用超临界流体如CO 2作为反应介质，在低于100℃的温度下进行铝和氢之间形成丙烷的反应，任选地包括共溶剂，例如 乙醚，在反应容器中。 惰性气体用于排除有害气体如氧气。 观察到铝和氢的反应在约60℃下进行，在超临界压力下使用Me 2 O作为加入的溶剂。

    Efficient production of hydrogen
    22.
    发明授权
    Efficient production of hydrogen 失效
    高效生产氢气

    公开(公告)号：US08419922B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-16

    申请号：US11922736

    申请日：2006-06-23

    Applicant: Maureen A. Grimes

    Inventor： Patrick G. Grimes

    IPC: C25B1/02 ,  C01B3/02

    CPC classification number: C01B3/323 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/22 ,  B01J8/222 ,  B01J8/226 ,  B01J19/2485 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00407 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00029 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  C01D7/10 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P30/30

    Abstract: A liquid phase process for producing hydrogen gas in a reactor comprising the step of combining at least one oxidizable reactant with liquid water and at least one alkaline electrolyte to form a mixture having a pH, wherein the pH of the mixture is substantially maintained at a value of about 10.5 or greater and conducting a reaction in the presence of an electron transfer material that permits the movement of electrons. An alternative method produces hydrogen gas from a reaction in an electrochemical cell, the reaction characterized by an overall thermodynamic energy balance and half-cell reactions occurring at each of an anode and cathode. Energy transfers, such as thermal and electric, are analyzed and controlled in order to satisfy the thermodynamic energy balance of the reaction for efficient hydrogen production.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于在反应器中生产氢气的液相方法，包括将至少一种可氧化反应物与液态水和至少一种碱性电解质组合以形成具有pH的混合物的步骤，其中混合物的pH基本上保持在一个值 为约10.5或更大，并且在允许电子移动的电子转移材料的存在下进行反应。 另一种方法是从电化学电池中的反应产生氢气，该反应的特征在于总的热力学能量平衡和在阳极和阴极的每个处发生的半电池反应。 能量转移，如热和电，被分析和控制，以满足有效氢气生产的反应的热力学能量平衡。

    Process for the preparation of urea
    23.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of urea 有权
    制备尿素的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08283494B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-10-09

    申请号：US12518118

    申请日：2007-12-03

    Applicant: Stephen Rudolf Alexander Zwart ,  Johannes Henricus Mennen

    Inventor： Stephen Rudolf Alexander Zwart ,  Johannes Henricus Mennen

    IPC: C07C273/04

    CPC classification number: B01D3/343 ,  B01D5/006 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00108 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  C07C273/04

    Abstract: Process for the preparation of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide in a urea production process comprising, in a high-pressure synthesis section: a. a reactor, wherein ammonia and carbon dioxide react to form a urea-comprising synthesis solution; b. a stripper, wherein the urea-comprising synthesis solution is heated and stripped, optionally in counter-current with a stripping agent; c. a submerged condenser, wherein the gas leaving the top of the stripper is, at least partially, condensed to form a condensate solution and d. an ejector, in the line connecting the submerged condenser and the reactor, supporting the transport of the condensate solution from the submerged condenser to the reactor, wherein a gas stream leaving the top of the submerged condenser is controlled by one or more controlling elements.

    Abstract translation: 在尿素生产过程中由氨和二氧化碳制备尿素的方法，包括在高压合成段：a。 反应器，其中氨和二氧化碳反应以形成含尿素的合成溶液; b。 汽提器，其中所述含脲的合成溶液被加热和汽提，任选地与汽提剂逆流; C。 浸没冷凝器，其中离开汽提器顶部的气体至少部分地被冷凝以形成冷凝液和d。 喷射器，在连接浸没冷凝器和反应器的管线中，支持将冷凝液从浸没冷凝器输送到反应器，其中离开浸没式冷凝器顶部的气流由一个或多个控制元件控制。

    HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF COAL-LIKE MATERIAL FROM BIOMASS AND EVAPORATION COLUMN
    24.
    发明申请
    HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF COAL-LIKE MATERIAL FROM BIOMASS AND EVAPORATION COLUMN 审中-公开
    用于从生物质和蒸发柱制备煤样材料的热处理方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120000120A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-05

    申请号：US13148778

    申请日：2010-02-09

    Applicant: Arne Stark ,  Markus Antonietti

    Inventor： Arne Stark ,  Markus Antonietti

    IPC: C10L5/00 ,  B01J7/02

    CPC classification number: C10L5/44 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J8/085 ,  B01J8/10 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/0084 ,  B01J2208/00867 ,  B01J2208/00876 ,  C10L9/086 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: The present Invention relates to a hydrothermal process for the preparation of coal-like material from biomass, in which a reaction mixture comprising biomass is heated by contacting with steam, the steam moving counter-currently relative to the reaction mixture, to obtain a reaction mixture comprising activated biomass, and the activated biomass is subsequently polymerized to give a reaction mixture comprising coal-like material. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a column, preferably a vertically oriented evaporation column, comprising horizontally oriented mass transfer trays, rotor elements mounted on a rotor shaft that is vertically oriented and passes through a rotor shaft opening in the mass transfer trays, and a housing provided with suitable upper and lower inlets and outlets. The column can be used with benefit in the hydrothermal process of the invention. The process is advantageous in that it allows the quick, energy-efficient and stable production of high-quality coal-like material.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于从生物质制备煤样材料的水热法，其中包含生物质的反应混合物通过与蒸汽接触而被加热，蒸汽相对于反应混合物逆流移动，以获得反应混合物 包括活性生物质，然后将活化的生物质聚合，得到包含煤样物质的反应混合物。 根据另一方面，本发明涉及一种柱，优选垂直取向的蒸发塔，包括水平定向的传质托盘，安装在转子轴上的转子元件，该转子轴垂直定向并通过传质托盘中的转子轴开口 ，以及设置有合适的上下入口和外壳的壳体。 该柱可以在本发明的水热法中有利地使用。 该方法的优点在于其允许快速，节能和稳定地生产高质量的煤样材料。

    HYDROGENATION OF ALUMINUM USING A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID MEDIUM
    27.
    发明申请
    HYDROGENATION OF ALUMINUM USING A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID MEDIUM 失效
    使用超临界流体介质氢化铝

    公开(公告)号：US20080241056A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-10-02

    申请号：US11951588

    申请日：2007-12-06

    Applicant: Gerard Sean McGrady

    Inventor： Gerard Sean McGrady

    IPC: C01B6/06 ,  B01J19/00

    CPC classification number: C01B6/06 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/04 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controllably converting aluminum into alane. In the system of the invention, a reaction between aluminum and hydrogen to form alane is performed at temperatures below 100° C. using a supercritical fluid such as CO2 as a reaction medium, with the optional inclusion of a co-solvent, such as an ether, in the reaction vessel. Inert gas is used to exclude unwanted gases such as oxygen. The reaction of aluminum and hydrogen has been observed to proceed at approximately 60° C. using Me2O as an added solvent in CO2 at supercritical pressures.

    Abstract translation: 铝可控地转化为丙烷的装置和方法。 在本发明的系统中，使用超临界流体如CO 2作为反应介质，在低于100℃的温度下进行铝和氢之间形成丙烷的反应，任选地包括 在反应容器中的共溶剂如醚。 惰性气体用于排除有害气体如氧气。 观察到铝和氢的反应在约60℃下进行，使用Me 2 N 2 O作为加氢溶剂，在超临界压力下在CO 2 2中进行。

    MICROWIRE-CONTROLLED AUTOCLAVE AND METHOD
    28.
    发明申请
    MICROWIRE-CONTROLLED AUTOCLAVE AND METHOD 有权
    微控制自动化和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080175753A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

    申请号：US12018100

    申请日：2008-01-22

    Applicant: Brian L. Clothier

    Inventor： Brian L. Clothier

    IPC: B01J3/04 ,  A61L2/07

    CPC classification number: B01J3/04 ,  B29C35/0227 ,  B29C35/0288 ,  B29C73/30 ,  B29C73/34 ,  B29C2035/0811 ,  F27B17/00 ,  G05D23/26

    Abstract: Improved treatment apparatus (120, 152) is provided for the treatment (e.g., molding, heating and/or curing) of objects such as parts or part precursors (148, 170) including wireless detection of a temperature parameter related to the objects during treatment thereof. The objects include associated microwire-type sensors (150, 174) which have characteristic re-magnetization responses under the influence of applied, alternating magnetic fields. The apparatus (120, 152) have treatment chambers (122, 153) sized to hold the objects to be treated, with one or more antennas (132, 124, 166) proximal to such objects and operable to generate interrogating alternating magnetic fields and to detect the responses of the sensors (150, 174). The detected temperature parameter information is used by an apparatus controller (146) to maintain desired ambient conditions within the treatment chamber (122, 153).

    Abstract translation: 提供改进的处理设备（120,152）用于诸如部件或部件前体（148,170）的物体的处理（例如，模制，加热和/或固化），包括在处理期间无线检测与物体相关的温度参数 其中。 这些物体包括在施加的交变磁场的影响下具有特征的再磁化响应的相关的微线型传感器（150,174）。 设备（120,152）具有尺寸适于保持被处理物体的处理室（122,153），其中一个或多个天线（132,124,166）靠近这些物体并可操作以产生询问的交变磁场，并且 检测传感器（150,174）的响应。 检测到的温度参数信息由设备控制器（146）使用以保持处理室（122,153）内所需的环境条件。

    Apparatus and process for treatment of waste oils
    29.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and process for treatment of waste oils 有权
    用于处理废油的设备和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07255785B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-08-14

    申请号：US10743100

    申请日：2003-12-23

    Applicant: Henry Kong ,  Charlie Jeong

    Inventor： Henry Kong ,  Charlie Jeong

    IPC: C10G9/00 ,  C10M175/00

    CPC classification number: B01J3/04 ,  B01J3/006 ,  C10G9/18 ,  C10M175/0025

    Abstract: An apparatus and a process for reclaiming fuel oils from waste oils. The apparatus and process is characterized in that waste oils are thermally cracked by combination of high pressure and vacuum in a sequence at high temperature. However, rapid thermal cracking is performed at even lower temperature of 300˜350° C. than at 400˜450° C. of conventional batch method. The semi-continuous method with bleeding process is employed and accordingly no pause stage becomes necessary to physically collect ash cake from the thermal cracking vessel as experienced from the conventional batch process. The ash cake contents drops from 5% of conventional method to 1.4% since slow reaction is a cause for oxidation problem which is related with formation of tar compounds and production rate of #2 diesel fuel oil increases 3 times more than batch process.

    Abstract translation: 用于从废油回收燃料油的设备和方法。 该设备和方法的特征在于废油通过高温和高温下的高压和真空的组合而热裂解。 然而，在常规分批方法的400〜450℃下，在300〜350℃的更低的温度下进行快速热裂解。 使用具有渗出工艺的半连续方法，因此如常规分批处理所述，不需要暂停阶段来物理地从热裂解容器收集灰分。 灰渣含量从常规方法的5％下降到1.4％，因为缓慢的反应是与焦油化合物形成有关的氧化问题的原因，而＃2柴油燃料油的生产率提高了3倍以上。

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