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    Efficient detection for ion traps
    21.
    发明授权
    Efficient detection for ion traps 有权
    离子阱的有效检测

    公开(公告)号：US07456398B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-11-25

    申请号：US11429184

    申请日：2006-05-05

    Applicant: Michael W. Senko ,  Scott T. Quarmby ,  George B. Guckenberger

    Inventor： Michael W. Senko ,  Scott T. Quarmby ,  George B. Guckenberger

    IPC: B01D59/44

    CPC classification number: H01J49/427 ,  H01J43/02 ,  H01J49/0095 ,  H01J49/025

    Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for efficient detection of ions ejected from a quadrupolar ion trap, in which the ions are ejected as first and second groups of ions having different directions. The first and second groups of ions are received by a conversion dynode structure, which responsively emits secondary particles that are directed to a shared detector, such as an electron multiplier. The conversion dynode structure may be implemented as a common dynode or as two dynodes (or sets of dynodes), with each dynode positioned to receive one of the groups of ions.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于有效检测从四极离子阱排出的离子的装置和方法，其中离子作为具有不同方向的第一和第二组离子喷射。 第一组和第二组离子由转换倍增极结构接收，转换倍增器结构响应地发射被引导到诸如电子倍增器的共享检测器的次级粒子。 转换倍增极结构可以被实现为公共倍增电极或者作为两个倍增电极（或者一组倍增极），其中每个倍增极定位成接收一组离子。

    Photodetector
    23.
    发明授权
    Photodetector 失效
    光电检测器

    公开(公告)号：US06818885B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

    申请号：US10703160

    申请日：2003-11-07

    Applicant: Yasuharu Negi ,  Toru Hirohata

    Inventor： Yasuharu Negi ,  Toru Hirohata

    IPC: H01J4014

    CPC classification number: H01J43/02 ,  H01J7/24 ,  H05K7/20163

    Abstract: The invention relates to a photodetector capable of detecting even weak light with precision and having a structure permitting size reduction. In the photoelectric tube, a photoelectric tube is cooled down starting from a light receiving faceplate side via a supporting protrusion piece of a heat conductive supporting member fixed to the heat absorbing portion of a cooling device by the heat absorbing operation of the cooling device. At this time, the photoelectric tube is fixed only to the supporting protrusion piece, so that heat inflow through other members is prevented. Thus, the photoelectric surface is efficiently cooled down through the light receiving faceplate by the cooling device serving as a cooling source, so that a stable cooling temperature is obtained. This suppresses the emission of thermal electrons from the photoelectric surface, and hence sufficiently suppresses the occurrence of noise in the photoelectric tube. In this state, light to be measured that is transmitted through the light entrance window of the housing is incident on the photoelectric surface of the photoelectric tube via an aperture stop of the supporting protrusion piece, while background light emitted from the housing is shielded by the supporting protrusion piece around the aperture stop so as not to be incident on the photoelectric surface.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及能够精确地检测弱光并且具有允许尺寸减小的结构的光电检测器。 在光电管中，通过冷却装置的吸热作用，通过经由冷却装置的吸热部固定的导热性支撑体的支撑突起片，从光接收面侧开始，将光电管冷却。 此时，光电管只固定在支撑突起片上，从而防止了通过其它部件的热流入。 因此，通过作为冷却源的冷却装置，通过光接收面板有效地冷却光电面，从而获得稳定的冷却温度。 这抑制了从光电表面发射热电子，从而充分抑制光电管中的噪声的发生。 在该状态下，通过壳体的光入射窗透射的被测光将经由支撑突起片的孔径光阑入射到光电管的光电面上，而从壳体发射的背景光被 支撑突起片围绕孔径光阑，以便不会入射在光电表面上。

    Radiation detector for elementary particles
    24.
    发明授权
    Radiation detector for elementary particles 失效
    元素辐射探测器

    公开(公告)号：US5093566A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

    申请号：US548346

    申请日：1990-06-29

    Applicant: Gerardus Van Aller

    Inventor： Gerardus Van Aller

    IPC: G01T1/28 ,  H01J31/50 ,  H01J40/18 ,  H01J43/02

    CPC classification number: H01J31/501 ,  H01J43/02

    Abstract: Via the shape of the photocathode surface and the geometry and potential distribution of electrodes of the electron-optical system, an X-ray image intensifier tube is optimized for reduction of the transit time variance for photoelectrons from the photocathode surface to a photoelectron detector. The photoelectron detector, on which an image need not be formed in this case, has, for example, a comparatively small entrance surface and is arranged in or near a cross-over of the photoelectrons.

    Photomultiplier tube having directional alkali metal vapor evaporation means
    25.
    发明授权
    Photomultiplier tube having directional alkali metal vapor evaporation means 失效
    具有定向碱金属蒸气蒸发装置的光电倍增管

    公开(公告)号：US4333031A

    公开(公告)日：1982-06-01

    申请号：US240419

    申请日：1981-03-04

    Applicant: Gilbert N. Butterwick

    Inventor： Gilbert N. Butterwick

    IPC: H01J9/12 ,  H01J43/02 ,  H01J40/16 ,  H01J40/02

    CPC classification number: H01J43/02 ,  H01J9/12

    Abstract: A photoelectric tube, preferably a photomultiplier tube comprises a photoemissive cathode deposited on the inner faceplate of the tube envelope and a dynode assembly mounted within the envelope. The tube includes a generator containing an alkali metal source for deposition of alkali metal onto the cathode surface. The generator has means for directing the alkali metal vapors substantially toward the cathode surface and for preventing the alkali metal vapors from substantially depositing on the dynode assembly.

    Abstract translation: 光电管，优选光电倍增管包括沉积在管外壳的内面板上的光发射阴极和安装在封套内的倍增极组件。 该管包括含有用于将碱金属沉积到阴极表面上的碱金属源的发生器。 发生器具有用于将碱金属蒸汽基本上引向阴极表面并用于防止碱金属蒸气基本上沉积在倍增极组件上的装置。

    Ion electron converter
    26.
    发明授权
    Ion electron converter 失效
    离子电子转换器

    公开(公告)号：US4101771A

    公开(公告)日：1978-07-18

    申请号：US710302

    申请日：1976-07-30

    Applicant: Wolfgang O. Hofer ,  Jurgen Kirschner

    Inventor： Wolfgang O. Hofer ,  Jurgen Kirschner

    IPC: H01J43/02 ,  H01J49/02 ,  H01J3/14

    CPC classification number: H01J49/025 ,  H01J43/02

    Abstract: The ion-electron converter is primarily intended for the measurement of small positive ion currents. The essential feature of the converter is its curved conversion electrode which generates an electrostatic field with favorable ion-optical properties; in addition, it avoids high field strength at the conversion electrode, thus reducing spurious field electron emission. Both properties result in an ion detector of high efficiency and sensitivity for positive ions.

    Optoelectronic sampling head
    27.
    发明授权
    Optoelectronic sampling head 失效
    光电采样头

    公开(公告)号：US3941998A

    公开(公告)日：1976-03-02

    申请号：US446051

    申请日：1974-02-26

    Applicant: Henry Merkelo

    Inventor： Henry Merkelo

    IPC: G01S7/481 ,  H01J43/02 ,  H01J39/00 ,  H01J39/12 ,  H01J39/14

    CPC classification number: G01S7/4816 ,  H01J43/02

    Abstract: An electronic sampling head comprising a housing having a path for impinging radiation, a photoemissive element positioned across said path, photoelectron ejection means positioned in proximity to said photoemissive element, means for applying ultrashort sampling potential differences between said photoemissive element and said photoelectron ejection means for accelerating photoelectrons emitted by said photoemissive element in response to said incident radiation, and means for detecting said photoelectrons all resulting in the capability of detecting high-speed radiation phenomena with waveform fidelity.

    Abstract translation: 一种电子采样头，包括具有用于照射辐射的路径的壳体，位于所述路径上的光发射元件，位于所述发光元件附近的光电子喷射装置，用于在所述光发射元件和所述光电子喷射装置之间施加超短采样电位差的装置， 响应于所述入射辐射而由所述光发射元件发射的加速光电子以及用于检测所述光电子的装置全部导致以波形保真度检测高速辐射现象的能力。

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