Abstract:
Disclosed is a multiphase fuel composition formed of an emulsion containing (a) a distillate fuel first phase, (b) a second phase formed of boric acid and a liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase, such as glycerol, and (c) a surfactant.
Abstract:
An additive composition comprises at least one polyoxyalkylene compound and at least one ethylene polymer, wherein the at least one ethylene polymer, in addition to units derived from ethylene, comprises units of the formula (I): and optionally, units of the formula (II): wherein each R1 group independently represents hydrogen or methyl; wherein each R2 group independently represents an alkyl group having 5 or more carbon atoms; wherein each R3 group independently represents hydrogen or methyl; wherein each R4 group independently represents an alkyl group having between 1 and 4 carbon atoms; wherein the proportion of units of formula (I) in the ethylene polymer is between 16 and 30 mol %; and wherein the total proportion of units of formula (I) and formula (II) in the ethylene polymer is between 19 and 30 mol %. The composition is particularly suitable for improving the low temperature properties of fuels having sharp distillation tails and low final boiling points.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a continuous process for preparing additive mixtures for mineral oils and mineral oil distillates, comprising A) a cold flow improver for middle distillates, and at least one further component selected from B) and C): B) a further cold flow improver, C) an organic solvent, which comprises mixing cold flow improver and optionally solvent by means of a static mixer, the temperature of the additive mixture at the outlet of the static mixer being from 0° to 100° C.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a continuous process for preparing additive mixtures for mineral oils and mineral oil distillates, comprising A) a cold flow improver for middle distillates, and at least one further component selected from B) and C): B) a further cold flow improver, C) an organic solvent, which comprises mixing cold flow improver and optionally solvent by means of a static mixer, the temperature of the additive mixture at the outlet of the static mixer being from 0° C. to 100° C.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of ethylene copolymers, and their use as additives to mineral oil and mineral oil distillates.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of terpolymers of ethylene and at least 2 further olefinically unsaturated compounds by polymerization in a tubular reactor fitted with at least one side branch, wherein the fresh monomer components, which are introduced into the tubular reactor via the reactor inlet (the primary stream) or via the side branch or side branches (secondary stream or secondary streams), in each of the streams contain ethylene and at most one further olefinically unsaturated compound.
Abstract:
A composition comprising a major proportion of an oil obtained from methyl esters of animal or vegetable material or both or derivatives thereof, or its mixtures with petroleum-based oils, in admixture with an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer cold flow additive having at least 17 mole % vinyl ester units and containing 5 or more alkyl branches per 100 backbone methylenes. The copolymer improves the low temperature properties of the oil.
Abstract:
The present invention is a composition comprising a three additive system for improving the cold flow properties of distillate fuel oils using certain copolymers or homopolymers in combination with at least two conventional cold flow additives, an additive concentrate, and a method for improving the low temperature properties of a fuel oil.
Abstract:
The invention provides a fuel oil composition F) comprising F1) 89-50% by volume of a fuel oil of mineral origin and F2) 11-50% by volume of a fuel oil of vegetable and/or animal origin, and, as a cold additive, the constituents A) at least one copolymer composed of ethylene and 8-21 mol % of at least one acrylic or vinyl ester having a C1-C18-alkyl radical and B) at least one comb polymer containing structural units composed of B1) at least one olefin as monomer 1 which bears at least one C8-C18-alkyl radical on the olefinic double bond, and B2) at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid as monomer 2 which bears at least one C8-C16-alkyl radical bonded via an ester moiety, where the sum Q Q = ∑ i w 1 i · n 1 i + ∑ j w 2 j · n 2 j of the molar averages of the carbon chain length distributions in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1 on the one hand and the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2 on the other is from 21.0 to 28.0, where w1 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, w2 is the molar proportion of the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, n1 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, n2 are the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of the ester groups of monomer 2, i is the serial variable for the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals of monomer 1, and j is the serial variable for the individual chain lengths in the alkyl radicals in the ester groups of monomer 2.
Abstract:
The invention relates to additives for middle distillates with a maximum sulfur content of 0.05 percent by weight, containing at least one fatty acid ester of alkoxylated polyols with at least 3 OH groups (A) and at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin (C).
Abstract:
Additive compositions comprising: (i) at least one oil-soluble hydrogenated block diene polymer, comprising at least one crystallizable block, obtainable by end-to-end polymerization of a linear diene, and at least one non-crystallizable block, the non-crystallizable block being obtainable by 1,2-configuration polymerization of a linear diene, by polymerization of a branched diene, or by a mixture of such polymerizations, (ii) at least one ethylene-unsaturated ester compound; and (iii) at least one comb polymer. The additive compositions are used to improve cold flow characteristics in fuel oils. The additive compositions are particularly effective in fuel oils having a 90-20% boiling temperature range, as measured in accordance with ASTM D-86, of more than 115° C., preferably more than 120° C., more preferably more than 130° C., and most preferably more than 140° C., and a final boiling point of more than 370° C., preferably more than 380° C., and most preferably more than 390° C.