Abstract:
Gel-free dispersant additives for lubricating and fuel oil compositions comprise at least one adduct of (A) .alpha.-olefin homopolymer or interpolymer of 700 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, free radically grafted with an average of from about 0.5 to about 5 carboxylic acid producing moieties per polymer chain, and (B) at least one non-aromatic nucleophilic post-treating reactant selected from (i) amine compounds containing only a single reactive amino group per molecule, (ii) alcohol compounds containing only a single hydroxy group per molecule, (iii) polyamine compounds containing at least two reactive amino groups per molecule, (iv) polyol compounds containing at least two reactive hydroxy groups per molecule, (v) aminoalcohol compounds containing at least one reactive amino group and at least one reactive hydroxy group per molecule, and (vi) mixtures of (i) to (v); provided that when said post-treating reactant includes one or more of (iii), (iv) or (v), the reaction between (A) and (B) is conducted in the presence of sufficient chain-stopping or end-capping co-reactant (C) to ensure that the grafted and post-reacted product mixture is gel-free.
Abstract:
This invention relates to compositions which are useful as additives in lubricants and fuels, and more particularly, to additives which are chlorine-free or contain only minor amounts of chlorine. More particularly, carboxylic compositions are described which are prepared by reacting a terpolymer derived from a mixture of monomers comprising ethylene, an alpha-olefin containing 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, and a non-conjugated polyene with an alpha,beta-monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid or reactive derivative thereof. These carboxylic compositions may be used in lubricating oil or fuel compositions or may be used to form carboxylic derivative compositions which are useful in lubricating oil and fuel compositions. Such useful carboxylic derivative compositions can be prepared by reacting at least one of the above-described carboxylic compositions with a reactant selected from the group consisting of (A) amines characterized by the presence within their structure of at least one H--N
Abstract:
Gel-free dispersant additives for lubricating and fuel oil compositions comprise at least one adduct of (A) .alpha.-olefin homopolymer or interpolymer of 700 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, free radically grafted with an average of from about 0.5 to about 5 carboxylic acid producing moieties per polymer chain, and (B) at least one non-aromatic nucleophilic post-treating reactant selected from (i) amine compounds containing only a single reactive amino group per molecule, (ii) alcohol compounds containing only a single hydroxy group per molecule, (iii) polyamine compounds containing at least two reactive amino groups per molecule, (iv) polyol compounds containing at least two reactive hydroxy groups per molecule, (v) aminoalcohol compounds containing at least one reactive amino group and at least one reactive hydroxy group per molecule, and (vi) mixtures of (i) to (v); provided that when said post-treating reactant includes one or more of (iii), (iv) or (v), the reaction between (A) and (B) is conducted in the presence of sufficient chain-stopping or end-capping co-reactant (C) to ensure that the grafted and post-reacted product mixture is gel-free.
Abstract:
Polymer of number average molecular weight 1,000 to 20,000 containing the repeating units (I) (II) or (III) (II) have been found useful as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels particularly in combination with other additives. ##STR1##
Abstract:
Compositions comprising an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer, an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer, and a comb polymer improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils, especially high wax content oils.
Abstract:
Block and random straight chain and star-branched liquid copolymers of two different conjugated dienes, the residual ethylenic unsaturation of the polymerized units of one of which, e.g. isoprene, is less readily hydrogenated than that of the other diene, e.g., butadiene. In the case of block copolymers, the terminal blocks of a straight chain copolymer or the blocks of the free ends of the branches of a star-branched copolymer are composed of the less readily hydrogenated diene polymer while the more readily hydrogenated diene polymer is in the form of central blocks of a straight chain copolymer or interior blocks of the branches of a star-branched copolymer. These copolymers may be selectively hydrogenated so that substantially all of the residual ethylenic unsaturation of the more readily hydrogenated polymerized diene units are hydrogenated while enough residual ethylenic unsaturation of the less readily hydrogenated polymerized diene units remains unhydrogenated to provide sufficient sites for subsequent vulcanization or chemical modification. The combination of elastomeric properties and oxidative stability possessed by the polymers of this invention makes them suitable for many and uses such as sealants, caulks and adhesives.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon oil composition comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon oil and as an additive, at least one linear polymer of carbon monoxide with one or more .alpha.-olefins having at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule said polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins is disclosed. Optionally, the composition may also contain one or more C.sub.9+ or less olefin polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins. This composition has and exhibits improved pour point, cloud point, and cold filter plugging point properties. These polymer additives are novel compounds, and a process for their synthesis is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A process for preparing an oligomeric copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reactant and a high molecular weight olefin having a sufficient number of carbon atoms such that the resulting copolymer is soluble in lubricating oil and wherein at least 20 weight percent of the total olefin comprises an alkylvinylidene isomer, which process comprises reacting the high molecular weight olefin with the unsaturated acidic reactant in the presence of a solvent which comprises the reaction product of an unsaturated acidic reactant and a high molecular weight olefin.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a corrosion inhibited system comprising(1) an oxygenated fuel, and(2) an alkenyl or alkyl succinic acid or a polymer thereof.
Abstract:
Additives suitable for improving the flow and/or depressing the cloud point of crude oils, lubricating oils and especially fuel oils are polymers containing defined alkyl groups of at least 8 carbon atoms chain length. Such polymers are either (a) of a mixture of monomers having only two alkyl groups being at least 3 carbon atoms longer than the other or (b) of a mixture of monomers having only three alkyl groups each differing by at least 3 carbon atoms and the middle alkyl group being half the combined length of the other two. Alternatively, the polymer may be derived from a monomer having the two defined alkyl groups (a) or the three defined alkyl groups (b).