公开(公告)号：US4084905A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

申请号：US666170

申请日：1976-03-11

Applicant: Ulrich Schreiber ,  William Vidaver

Inventor： Ulrich Schreiber ,  William Vidaver

IPC: G01N21/63 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/6486 ,  G01N21/645 ,  G01N2021/635 ,  G01N2201/062

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting and measuring fluorescence emission comprising a fluorometer probe including a light emitting means for illuminating the object under study, a red cut-off filter, a light sensitive detector for obtaining the fluorscence signal from the object, and a preamplifier connected to the phototransistor for amplifying the said signal to a first level, and power and control unit including electronic indicating means. In the preferred embodiment the sensor and emitter are a light emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor arranged in piggy-back relation with the LED having an epoxy body acting as a fluorescence light guide from the object to the phototransistor.

Abstract translation: 用于检测和测量荧光发射的装置，包括荧光计探针，其包括用于照亮研究对象的发光装置，红色截止滤光器，用于从物体获得荧光信号的光敏检测器，以及连接到光电晶体管的前置放大器 用于将所述信号放大到第一电平，以及包括电子指示装置的电源和控制单元。 在优选实施例中，传感器和发射器是发光二极管（LED）和光电晶体管，该光电晶体管与LED具有背对背关系，LED具有作为从物体到光电晶体管的荧光光导的环氧体。

公开(公告)号：US4076424A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-28

申请号：US670080

申请日：1976-03-24

Applicant: Edward Stanley Ida

Inventor： Edward Stanley Ida

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01N21/22 ,  H03K5/18

CPC classification number: G01N21/314

Abstract: A multi-channel electrical signal ratioing circuit for a source delivering an electric analog pulse signal sequence having a broadened choice of ratio denominator terms provided by parallel-connected DC-coupled individual signal ratioing circuits each incorporating its own associated gated integrator, variable gain amplifier and at least one sampling circuit to form the several ratios needed. The basic ratioing circuit includes means for compensating against the effects of background influences, such as amplifier signal offsets, line voltage variations and changes in electrical system gains or other anomalies affecting ratio determination accuracy.

Abstract translation: 一种多通道电信号比例电路，用于传送电模拟脉冲信号序列的电源，该电模拟脉冲信号序列具有由并联的直流耦合单独信号比电路提供的比例分母术语的扩展选择，每个电路包括其自己的相关门控积分器，可变增益放大器和 至少一个采样电路，以形成所需的几个比例。 基本比例电路包括用于补偿背景影响的影响的装置，例如放大器信号偏移，线路电压变化以及电力系统增益的变化或影响比率确定精度的其它异常。

公开(公告)号：US3947088A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-30

申请号：US499491

申请日：1974-08-22

Applicant: Park French

Inventor： Park French

IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B5/14 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01N21/48

CPC classification number: G02B6/3624 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G02B6/2804 ,  G02B6/2808 ,  G02B6/2848 ,  G02B6/4246 ,  G02B6/4298

Abstract: A viscous light transmissive fluid material, such as glycerine or the like, is applied to the solid end portion of a light conducting member of a light probe for optically coupling the latter with a sample having an irregular glossy surface. The fluid interface substantially reduces specular reflection from the glossy surface of the sample and also provides effective optical coupling between the sample and the light conducting member, both of which may have surface irregularities or may be misaligned with respect to each other.

公开(公告)号：US3885879A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-27

申请号：US37293173

申请日：1973-06-25

Applicant: FISHER SCIENTIFIC CO

Inventor： LOUDER NEVITT M ,  GILLINGHAM WARREN G

IPC: G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01N21/255

Abstract: A spectrophotometer including an adjustable spectral wedge, interposed between a light source and photosensitive means, for selecting wavelengths of light and improved fiber optics for transmitting the selected wavelengths to a sample to be analyzed. Single and dual beam spectrophotometers are disclosed.

Abstract translation: 一种分光光度计，其包括插入在光源和感光装置之间的可调光谱楔，用于选择波长的光和改进的光纤用于将所选择的波长传输到待分析的样品。 公开了单束和双光束分光光度计。

公开(公告)号：US3883250A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-13

申请号：US37627473

申请日：1973-07-05

Applicant: HITACHI LTD

Inventor： UNUMA NOBUMITSU ,  NOMURA YASUSHI

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01N21/31 ,  Y10S435/808

Abstract: A method of optically measuring absorption of light having a specific wavelength of a sample by adjusting the output of a detector in response to light having wavelengths longer than the specific wavelength to a zero level comprising disposing a substantially monochromatic filter capable of transmitting at least light having the specific wavelength and light having longer wavelengths than the specific wavelength and a cut filter capable of substantially completely transmitting light having longer wavelengths than the specific wavelength but substantially completely intercepting light having the specific wavelength in a light beam emitted from a light source, passing the light beam emitted from the light source through the monochromatic filter and the cut filter to apply same to the detector showing a high sensitivity to light having wavelenghts longer than the specific wavelength, adjusting the output of the detector to the zero level, removing the cut filter from the light path between the light source and the detector, and inserting in the light path a sample having properties of absorbing light having the specific wavelength but substantially completely transmitting light having longer wavelengths than the specific wavelength for measuring optically the absorption of light of the specific wavelength by the sample.

Abstract translation: 一种光学测量具有样品特定波长的光的吸收的方法，其通过响应于具有比特定波长长的波长的光而调整检测器的输出至零电平，包括布置基本上单色滤光片， 具有比特定波长波长长的特定波长和光，以及能够基本上完全透射比特定波长波长大的光，但基本上完全遮蔽从光源发射的光束中具有特定波长的光的截止滤光片， 从光源通过单色滤光器和截止滤光器发射的光束将其应用于检测器，其对具有比特定波长长的波长的光具有高灵敏度，将检测器的输出调节到零电平，去除切割滤光器 从光线路 在光源和检测器中，并且在光路中插入具有吸收具有特定波长的光的样品的样品，但是基本上完全透射具有比特定波长更长的波长的光，以光学地测量特定波长的光的吸收 样品。

公开(公告)号：US3776642A

公开(公告)日：1973-12-04

申请号：US3776642D

申请日：1972-08-01

Applicant: DICKEY JOHN CORP

Inventor： ANSON J ,  O NEAL D

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G06F15/20 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01N21/48

CPC classification number: G01N33/10 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  Y10S250/91

Abstract: A grain analyst computer is disclosed which has a quartz-iodide lamp to provide infrared radiation which is directed through a lens toward the surface of a quantity of grain which is to have certain constituents thereof analyzed. The infrared radiation is made parallel by the lens and then passes through selected filters so that only a specific frequency of the radiation impinges upon the grain sample, and this frequency provides a reflected radiation signal which has an amplitude corresponding to the quantity of a given constituent within the sample being analyzed. A plurality of pulse signals is then generated by a photocell which receives the reflected signals. These pulse signals are applied to a signal storage circuit and a signal computing circuit to provide a direct readout in terms of per cent of the constituents being analyzed. A reference standard element is automatically positioned in light-receiving relation with the light source so that the constants within the storage and computing circuits can be adjusted automatically prior to analyzing each grain sample. The plurality of filter elements are adjustably mounted to a rotating filter wheel which provides tilt adjustment to each filter element so that an exact positioning thereof can be obtained, thus accurately selecting the frequency which is to pass therethrough.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种谷物分析计算机，其具有石英碘化灯以提供红外辐射，其通过透镜朝向分析其某些成分的谷粒的表面。 红外辐射由透镜平行，然后通过选定的滤光器，使得仅辐射的特定频率照射在晶粒样品上，并且该频率提供具有对应于给定成分的量的幅度的反射辐射信号 在正在分析的样品内。 然后由接收反射信号的光电池产生多个脉冲信号。 这些脉冲信号被施加到信号存储电路和信号计算电路，以便分析的成分的百分比提供直接读出。 参考标准元件自动地定位在与光源的光接收关系中，使得可以在分析每个颗粒样品之前自动调整存储和计算电路内的常数。 多个过滤元件可调节地安装到旋转滤光轮上，该旋转滤光轮为每个滤光元件提供倾斜调节，从而可以获得精确的定位，从而精确地选择要通过的频率。

公开(公告)号：US3759619A

公开(公告)日：1973-09-18

申请号：US3759619D

申请日：1972-06-13

Applicant: MERESTECHNIKAI KOZPONTI

Inventor： PODMANICZKY A ,  KISS B

IPC: G01N21/25 ,  G01N33/02 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N33/025 ,  G01N21/255

Abstract: The color of a substantially spherical surface, such as that of a fruit, is measured by rotating the object about a vertical axis and projecting on the surface of the object, downwardly at 45*, an area of light that extends from the zenith to the equator of the object and is generally spherical triangular in shape, but differs from a spherical triangle in that the arc length s of the circles of latitude falling between the boundaries of the illuminated area is related as follows to the arc length s0 of the 45* circle of latitude:

Abstract translation: 基本上球形表面的颜色，例如水果的颜色，是通过围绕垂直轴线旋转物体并在物体表面上向下45度向下测量从天顶延伸到 对象的赤道，并且通常为球形三角形，但与球面三角形不同，因为落在照明区域的边界之间的纬度圆的圆弧长度s与45的弧长s 0相关 纬度的DEG圈：s（x）= s0（1 + tan x）具有适当标志的X是45°角与通过照明表面穿过的圆环的中心角之间的差异。 为了测量颜色分布，使用相同的装置，但是只有一个足够小的区域被照亮以被认为是平面的，并且所选择的区域被手动地旋转到光点的下面。

公开(公告)号：US3706497A

公开(公告)日：1972-12-19

申请号：US3706497D

申请日：1970-11-05

Applicant: LINDBERG ARNE R

Inventor： LINDBERG ARNE ROBERT

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/314

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining colorimetric concentrations wherein the difference between the light absorption of a medium in two or more different wave-length ranges is measured by means of an automatic wave-length switching, whereupon the concentration of the medium is calculated in dependence of said difference and the absolute absorption of the medium in one of the wave-length ranges.

Abstract translation: 用于确定比色浓度的方法和装置，其中通过自动波长切换来测量介于两个或多个不同波长范围的介质的光吸收之间的差异，从而依赖地计算介质的浓度 的所述差异和介质在波长范围之一中的绝对吸收。

公开(公告)号：US3672780A

公开(公告)日：1972-06-27

申请号：US3672780D

申请日：1970-03-26

Applicant: PIRINGER FRITZ

Inventor： PIRINGER FRITZ

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01J3/52

CPC classification number: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/463

Abstract: A VISUAL COMPARISON METHOD AND APPARATUS IN WHICH AN IMAGE OF A SAMPLE IS PRESENTED IN AN IMAGE PLANE WITH A PLURALITY OF DIFFERING COLOR COMPARISON REGIONS WHOSE COLOR ATTRIBUTES, I.E. HUE, SATURATION AND DARKNESS CAN BE PROGRESSIVELY ADJUSTED SO THAT THE COLOR OF THE SAMPLE CAN BE VISUALLY COMPARED WITH THE COMPARISON REGIONS TO ESTABLISH COLOR CORRESPONDENCE WITH ONE REGION. IN ORDER TO FACILITATE SUCH MATCHING A NUMBER OF PROPOSALS ARE PROVIDED: (1) EITHER THE SAMPLE IMAGE OR THE COMPARISON REGIONS ARE TEMPORARILY ELIMINATED, (2) THE SAMPLE IMAGE AND THE CORRESPONDING COMPARISON REGION ARE REPLACED BY A DULL COLOR, (3) THE BORDERLINES BETWEEN THE SAMPLE IMAGE AND THE COMPARISON REGIONS ARE PERIODICALLY SHIFTED,

(4) A COMPLEMENTARY COLOR IS SUPERIMPOSED ON THE FIELD OF VISION TO INCREASE CONTRAST BETWEEN THE SAMPLE COLOR AND THE COMPARISON REGIONS. IN ORDER TO PERMIT DIFFERENT SAMPLE OBJECTS TO BE VIEWED UNDER DIFFERENT ILLUMINATION REQUIREMENTS, THE SAMPLE OBJECTS ARE SUPPORTED IN RESPECTIVE HOLDERS WITH CORRESPONDING OPTICAL DEVICES PROVIDING THE PARTICULAR ILLUMINATION REQUIREMENT, THE HOLDERS BEING INTERCHANGEABLE IN A HOUSING CONTAINING A VIEWER AND THE MEANS FOR PRODUCING THE COLOR COMPARISON REGIONS.

公开(公告)号：US3655288A

公开(公告)日：1972-04-11

申请号：US3655288D

申请日：1970-07-30

Applicant: TECHNICON INSTR

Inventor： LIEBERMAN LEE M ,  SCHUMANN ROBERT T

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/3103

Abstract: New and improved optical system for use in apparatus for the automatic, simultaneous multielement analysis of samples by atomic spectroscopy which include a plurality of radiation sources effective to emit radiation of different wavelengths for the irradiation of a sample burner flame are provided, and comprise radiation source optic means including a plurality of toroidal mirrors for reflecting the radiation from said plurality of radiation sources and focusing said radiation substantially at the same volume of said sample burner flame for irradiation thereof, and detector means optics, including spaced primary and secondary mirrors for observing substantially only said irradiated sample burner flame volume and focusing substantially only the radiation therefrom at the radiation detector.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于通过原子光谱自动同步多元素分析样品的新的和改进的光学系统，其包括有效发射不同波长的辐射用于照射样品燃烧器火焰的多个辐射源，并且包括辐射源 光学装置包括用于反射来自所述多个辐射源的辐射的多个环形反射镜，并且将所述辐射基本上聚焦在相同体积的所述样品燃烧器火焰上以便其照射，并且检测器装置光学器件包括间隔开的主镜和副镜，用于基本观察 只有辐照样品燃烧器的火焰体积并且基本上仅聚焦在辐射检测器处的​​辐射。