公开(公告)号：US20130034487A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-07

申请号：US13233128

申请日：2011-09-15

Applicant: Chang-Hsien TAI ,  Wu-Jang HUANG ,  Chuen-Huey CHIU

Inventor： Chang-Hsien TAI ,  Wu-Jang HUANG ,  Chuen-Huey CHIU

IPC: C01C1/04 ,  B01J10/00

CPC classification number: C01C1/0405 ,  B01J3/008 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B15/08 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: A method for producing ammonia includes dissolving air in water to obtain a two-phase coexistence aqueous solution with air that is pressurized and heated to a critical state to separate critical state nitrogen, critical state oxygen and critical water from the two-phase coexistence aqueous solution. The critical water is electrolyzed to obtain super critical state hydrogen and super critical state oxygen. The critical state nitrogen reacts with the super critical state hydrogen to produce ammonia. A device for producing ammonia includes a pressurizing member and a heating member mounted between a conversion unit and a mixing unit. The conversion unit outputs a critical state gas. A synthesis unit is connected to the conversion unit by a pipe allowing the critical state gas to flow into the synthesis unit. A gas outlet pipe is connected to the synthesis unit and outputs a synthesis gas from the synthetic unit.

Abstract translation: 一种生产氨的方法包括将空气溶解在水中以获得两相共存的水溶液，其中空气被加压并加热至临界状态，以将临界状态的氮，临界状态的氧和临界水与两相共存的水溶液 。 临界水被电解以获得超临界状态的氢气和超临界状态的氧气。 临界态氮与超临界状态的氢气反应产生氨。 用于生产氨的装置包括加压构件和安装在转换单元和混合单元之间的加热构件。 转换单元输出临界状态气体。 合成单元通过允许临界状态气体流入合成单元的管道连接到转换单元。 气体出口管连接到合成单元并从合成单元输出合成气。

公开(公告)号：US08361175B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

申请号：US12522833

申请日：2007-12-20

Applicant: Hubert Goldacker ,  Andrea Kruse ,  Nicolaus Dahmen

Inventor： Hubert Goldacker ,  Andrea Kruse ,  Nicolaus Dahmen

IPC: B09B1/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B6/24 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/24 ,  B01J7/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J2219/00121 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: A method for converting biomass having a water content of at least 50% into gaseous products includes providing a reactor containing supercritical water and a salt melt. The salt melt includes at least one of a salt and a salt mixture. The reactor and the salt melt are heated to the reaction temperature. The biomass is heated to a preheat temperature. The biomass heated to the preheat temperature is fed into the salt melt. The biomass is heated to the reaction temperature so as to commence a conversion of the biomass into the gaseous products, so as to release from the biomass at least one additional salt into the salt melt. An amount of the salt melt containing at least a portion of the at least one additional salt is withdrawn from the reactor and the amount of the withdrawn salt melt is replaced with a fresh salt solution. The gaseous products are removed from the reactor.

Abstract translation: 将具有至少50％的含水量的生物质转化为气态产物的方法包括提供含有超临界水和盐熔体的反应器。 盐熔体包括盐和盐混合物中的至少一种。 将反应器和盐熔体加热至反应温度。 将生物质加热至预热温度。 将加热到预热温度的生物质加入到盐熔体中。 将生物质加热至反应温度，以便开始将生物质转化为气态产物，从而将生物质从至少一种另外的盐释放到盐熔体中。 将含有至少一部分至少一种另外的盐的盐熔体的量从反应器中取出，并且用新鲜盐溶液代替取出的盐熔体的量。 从反应器中除去气态产物。

公开(公告)号：US20120310016A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

申请号：US13577680

申请日：2010-02-09

Applicant: Takeyuki Kondo ,  Hiroyuki Ito ,  Yasunari Sase ,  Toshiaki Matsuo ,  Kenichiro Oka ,  Masayuki Kamikawa ,  Masashi Tanto

Inventor： Takeyuki Kondo ,  Hiroyuki Ito ,  Yasunari Sase ,  Toshiaki Matsuo ,  Kenichiro Oka ,  Masayuki Kamikawa ,  Masashi Tanto

IPC: C07C45/00

CPC classification number: B01J8/006 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C07C45/52 ,  C07C45/81 ,  Y02P20/544 ,  C07C47/22

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technology which can suppress the blockage and abrasion of pipes and devices caused by the production of by-products and stably synthesize acrolein at a high yield, under a condition in which energy efficiency is improved by an elevated concentration of glycerol in a reaction liquid, in a process for synthesis of acrolein by reacting supercritical water and an acid with glycerol. An embodiment of the present invention includes: setting a concentration of glycerol in the reaction liquid at 30% by weight or lower; also cooling the reaction liquid to a temperature between a temperature (300° C. or lower) at which the reaction stops and a temperature (100° C. or higher) at which tar contained in the reaction liquid can keep a state in which its viscosity is sufficiently low; then separating and removing carbon particles from the reaction liquid; subsequently cooling the reaction liquid to a temperature which is a boiling point of water or lower and at which the tar component in the reaction liquid does not adhere to devices; and then decompressing the cooled reaction liquid.

Abstract translation: 本发明的目的是提供一种能够抑制副产物生成引起的管道和装置的堵塞和磨损的技术，并且在能够提高能量效率的条件下以高产率稳定地合成丙烯醛 在超临界水和酸与甘油反应合成丙烯醛的方法中，反应液中甘油浓度升高。 本发明的一个实施方案包括：将反应液中甘油的浓度设定为30重量％以下; 还将反应液体冷却至反应停止的温度（300℃以下）和反应液中所含的焦油的温度（100℃以上）可以保持其状态 粘度足够低; 然后从反应液中分离除去碳颗粒; 随后将反应液体冷却至沸点低于水的温度，反应液中的焦油成分不附着在装置上; 然后减压冷却的反应液。

公开(公告)号：US08323405B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

申请号：US12534849

申请日：2009-08-03

Applicant: Mark P. D'Evelyn

Inventor： Mark P. D'Evelyn

IPC: C30B17/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/062 ,  B01J2203/0665 ,  B01J2203/068 ,  C30B7/10 ,  C30B29/406 ,  Y10T117/1096

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for large-scale manufacturing of gallium nitride is provided. The apparatus comprises a large diameter autoclave and a raw material basket. Methods include metered addition of dopants in the raw material and control of the atmosphere during crystal growth. The apparatus and methods are scalable up to very large volumes and are cost effective.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于大规模制造氮化镓的装置和相关方法。 该装置包括大直径高压釜和原料篮。 方法包括在原料中计量添加掺杂剂并在晶体生长期间控制大气。 该设备和方法可扩展到非常大的体积，并且具有成本效益。

公开(公告)号：US20120083592A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-05

申请号：US12894387

申请日：2010-09-30

Applicant: Zer-Ran Yu ,  Be-Jen Wang

Inventor： Zer-Ran Yu ,  Be-Jen Wang

IPC: C07H1/08

CPC classification number: C08B37/0003 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  C07J17/00 ,  C08B37/006 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous preparation method of ginseng ginsenosides and polysaccharides, whereby the ginseng extract liquor and supercritical solvent are poured continuously into a separation tank at 10-30 MPa and 40-60° C. as well as a preset flow rate; so the ginseng extract liquor can be separated in the separation tank to obtain ginsenosides and polysaccharides at different positions of the separation tank.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供人参人参皂苷和多糖的连续制备方法，其中人参提取液和超临界溶剂在10-30MPa和40-60℃以及预设流速下连续注入分离罐中; 所以可以在分离槽中分离人参提取液，以在分离罐的不同位置获得人参皂苷和多糖。

公开(公告)号：US20120076704A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-29

申请号：US13310787

申请日：2011-12-04

Applicant: ZHIJUN JIA ,  Mark Wood ,  Clay Thiele

Inventor： ZHIJUN JIA ,  Mark Wood ,  Clay Thiele

IPC: B01J7/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/249 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J23/58 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J37/0215 ,  B01J37/0225 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2462 ,  B01J2219/2465 ,  B01J2219/2467 ,  B01J2219/2475 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  B01J2219/2481 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0888 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen features a reactor including a reaction channel adapted to receive a reaction stream including a mixture of supercritical water and a hydrocarbon fuel. A catalyst is positioned in the reaction channel so that a product stream containing hydrogen is produced by a reaction in the reaction channel when the mixture is exposed to the catalyst; wherein the catalyst contains a catalytically active metal and a promoter in a metal format, selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, rubidium, lithium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium.

Abstract translation: 用于生产氢的系统包括反应器，其包括适于接收包括超临界水和烃燃料的混合物的反应流的反应通道。 催化剂位于反应通道中，使得当混合物暴露于催化剂时，通过反应通道中的反应产生含有氢的产物流; 其中所述催化剂含有催化活性金属和金属形式的助催化剂，其选自钾，钠，铷，锂，铯，铍，镁，钙，锶和钡。

公开(公告)号：US08025790B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-27

申请号：US12277270

申请日：2008-11-24

Applicant: Ki-Hyouk Choi ,  Ali Al-Shareef

Inventor： Ki-Hyouk Choi ,  Ali Al-Shareef

IPC: C10G9/00 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10G45/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10G31/08 ,  C10G45/26 ,  C10G47/32 ,  C10G75/00 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/202 ,  C10G2300/205 ,  C10G2300/206 ,  C10G2300/4081 ,  C10G2300/805 ,  E21B43/16

Abstract: A process for upgrading heavy oil by mixing the heavy oil with water fluid using an ultrasonic wave generator prior to increasing the temperature and pressure of the mixture to values near to or exceeding the critical point of water, to produce low pour point, high value oil having low sulfur, low nitrogen, and low metallic impurities for use as hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract translation: 在将混合物的温度和压力提高到接近或超过水的临界点的值之前，通过使用超声波发生器将重油与水溶液混合来提高重油的方法，以产生低倾点，高价值油 具有低硫，低氮和低金属杂质用作烃原料。

公开(公告)号：US07998450B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-16

申请号：US12382949

申请日：2009-03-27

Applicant: Joo Hee Han ,  Jin Seo Lee ,  Seung-Hoe Do ,  Seong Cheol Hong

Inventor： Joo Hee Han ,  Jin Seo Lee ,  Seung-Hoe Do ,  Seong Cheol Hong

IPC: D01F9/12

CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  B01J2203/0625 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/174 ,  C01B2202/28 ,  Y02P20/544 ,  Y10S977/742

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous method and apparatus of functionalizing a carbon nanotube, and more specifically, to a continuous method of functionalizing a carbon nanotube under subcritical water or supercritical water conditions without additional functionalizing processes, comprising: a) continuously feeding the carbon nanotube solution and an oxidizer under a pressure of 50 to 400 atm, respectively or together, and then preheating the mixture of said carbon nanotube solution and said oxidizer; b) functionalizing the carbon nanotube in the preheated said mixture under the subcritical water or the supercritical water condition of 50 to 400 atm; c) cooling down the functionalized product into 0 to 100° C. and depressurizing the functionalized product into 1 to 10 atm; and d) recovering the cooled down and depressurized product.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种使碳纳米管官能化的连续方法和装置，更具体地说，涉及在亚临界水或超临界水条件下官能化碳纳米管的连续方法，而无需另外的官能化方法，包括：a）连续供给碳纳米管 溶液和50〜400atm压力下的氧化剂一起，然后预热所述碳纳米管溶液和所述氧化剂的混合物; b）在亚临界水或超临界水条件下将预热的所述混合物中的碳纳米管官能化为50〜400atm; c）将官能化产物冷却至0至100℃，并将官能化产物减压至1至10atm; 和d）回收冷却和减压的产品。

公开(公告)号：US07988869B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-02

申请号：US12066122

申请日：2006-09-26

Applicant: Hubert-Alexandre Turc ,  Christophe Joussot-Dubien

Inventor： Hubert-Alexandre Turc ,  Christophe Joussot-Dubien

IPC: C02F1/72

CPC classification number: B01J19/02 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/222 ,  B01J19/1806 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00779 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  C02F11/06 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F2103/26

Abstract: A reactor for treating with pressurized water a material in a fluid reaction medium. It comprises a body (2) delimiting a reaction area (10), an inlet (48) for the material to be treated in the reaction area (10), a point (46) for introducing an oxidant into the reaction area (10), at least one outlet for the treated material outside the reaction area (10), the material to be treated follows a path defined in the reaction area between its inlet and its outlet. The point (46) for introducing the oxidant in the reaction area (10) is located downstream from the inlet (48) for the material and is spaced apart from the latter by a certain distance so as to define an anoxic area (20) comprised between the inlet for the material to be treated and the point for introducing the oxidant, an area in which the fluid medium is in anoxia.

Abstract translation: 一种用加压水处理流体反应介质中的材料的反应器。 它包括界定反应区域（10）的主体（2），反应区域（10）中要处理的材料的入口（48），用于将氧化剂引入反应区域（10）的点（46） 在反应区域（10）外部的处理材料的至少一个出口，待处理的材料遵循在其入口和出口之间的反应区域中限定的路径。 用于在反应区域（10）中引入氧化剂的点（46）位于用于材料的入口（48）的下游，并且与氧化剂的间隔距离一定距离，以便限定缺氧区域（20），其包含 在待处理材料的入口和用于引入氧化剂的点之间，流体介质处于缺氧区域。

公开(公告)号：US20110139887A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

申请号：US12742539

申请日：2008-03-10

Applicant: Fumio Osada ,  Shinya Fukuzawa ,  Kazuyo Nagai

Inventor： Fumio Osada ,  Shinya Fukuzawa ,  Kazuyo Nagai

IPC: B05B1/24

CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a method of atomizing a substance poorly soluble in carbon dioxide in a supercritical state. The present invention relates to a method of atomization comprising: introducing a substance which is difficult to be atomized by use of only carbon dioxide in a supercritical state, water and carbon dioxide into a pressure vessel; applying heat and pressure to an interior of the pressure vessel to bring the carbon dioxide into a supercritical state; and returning a pressure of the interior to normal pressure.

Abstract translation: 本发明的目的是提供一种在超临界状态下雾化难溶于二氧化碳的物质的方法。 本发明涉及一种雾化方法，包括：通过仅使用超临界状态的二氧化碳将水和二氧化碳引入难以雾化的物质进入压力容器; 将热和压力施加到压力容器的内部以使二氧化碳进入超临界状态; 并将内部的压力返回到正常压力。