Abstract:
A surface treatment apparatus 100 includes a diluent gas supplier 1, a fluorine gas supplier 2, a mixer 5 which mixes a diluent gas with a fluorine gas, and a reactor 6 which treats a treatment target by using a mixed gas generated by the mixer 5. A diluent gas supplied from a diluent gas supplier is heated by a heater 8, and the heated diluent gas is mixed with a fluorine gas supplied from a fluorine gas supplier, in the mixer 5. The mixed gas is supplied to the reactor 6. The gas in the reactor 6 is supplied from the reactor 6 to flow paths 219, 220, 221, and 222 by an exhauster 207. The valves 223, 224, 225, and 226 are serially opened, so that the gas in the reactor 6 is supplied to a harm removal apparatus 208 while the gas flow rate is being adjusted by the flow paths 219, 220, 221, and 222.
Abstract:
A liquid isotope delivery system includes a pressure-controlling unit, an input unit, a target chamber, a proton-radiating unit and a storage unit. The pressure-controlling unit includes a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve connected to the first regulating valve and a third regulating valve connected to the first regulating valve. The input unit is connected to the second regulating valve. The target chamber is connected to the third regulating valve and the input unit. The proton-radiating unit is located near the target chamber. The storage unit is connected to the target chamber.
Abstract:
The gas-phase fluorination of plastic articles is effected in a reaction chamber 1 into which the plastic articles to be fluorinated are introduced. The gas-phase fluorination is effected at normal or atmospheric ambient pressure of about 1 kPa in the reaction chamber. The gas-phase fluorination can be carried out statically or dynamically. The flushing carried out before the gas-phase fluorination for complete or partial removal of atmospheric oxygen from the reaction chamber 1 can also be effected at atmospheric pressure in the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber 1 is equipped with a cover 2 and metering valves V0, V1, V2 for air, inert gas and gas mixture comprising fluorine and one or more inert gases are present on the entrance side of the reaction chamber, which is not vacuum-tight and hence also cannot be evacuated. The metering valves are connected to the reaction chamber 1 via a flow meter 4. A release valve V3 and a flow-through/shut-off valve V4 are arranged in an exhaust gas line 8 of the reaction chamber 1.
Abstract:
A process-liquid supply part includes: a supply tank configured to contain a process liquid; a level gauge pipe connected to the supply tank, the level gauge pipe being provided with level sensors for detecting a remaining amount of the process liquid contained in the supply tank; and a measuring part configured to measure a remaining amount of the process liquid based on signals from the level sensors provided on the level gauge pipe. Connected to the supply tank are a process-liquid supply pipe configured to drain the process liquid contained in the supply tank, and a process-liquid return pipe configured to introduce the process liquid drained through the process-liquid supply pipe to the supply tank. A connection pipe, in which an openable and closable valve is provided, disposed between the process-liquid supply pipe or the process-liquid return pipe and the level gauge pipe.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for distributing products, in particular pyrophoric, from a storage point to a use point.According to the invention, an inert gas is bubbled through the product, in particular pyrophoric, to be purified in the liquid state in order to generate a mixture, the mixture is preferably routed close to the use point, the product, in particular pyrophoric, is separated from the inert gas and from some light impurities, to generate a purified final product, in particular pyrophoric, in liquid or solid form. The purified product is supplied in a quantity just necessary to the use point, particularly when it is solidified in the heat exchanger after the transport of the mixture.
Abstract:
The present system discloses a transfer system devised in order to produce optimal flow from the first to the second loop reactor, by connecting the transfer lines to a by-pass line and by separating the connecting points of the transfer lines into the by-pass line by at least 70 cm.
Abstract:
Feedstock delivery systems for hydrogen generation assemblies having a hydrogen-producing region and a heating assembly. The delivery system provides a hydrogen-production fluid to the hydrogen-producing region and provides a heating fuel to the heating assembly. The delivery system includes a pressure vessel having an interior cavity containing the heating fuel and the hydrogen-production fluid, which are disposed in the pressure vessel in a pressurizing—pressurized relationship, in which the heating fuel is discharged from the pressure vessel under it own pressure and the hydrogen-production fluid is discharged under pressure applied by the heating fuel. The feedstock delivery system may separately discharge the hydrogen-production fluid and the heating fuel and may include a pressure transmitter disposed between the hydrogen-production fluid and the heating fuel. The heating fuel may be a condensable fluid and the hydrogen-production fluid may be a liquid at the operating conditions of the feedstock delivery system.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the continuous free-radical homogeneous solution polymerization or melt polymerization of (meth)acrylate monomer mixtures.
Abstract:
An apparatus that can be used for producing chlorine dioxide is provided. The apparatus comprises a single fluid proportioning device, which comprises three or more fluid transferring devices, a conduit to the inlet of each fluid transferring device, a conduit to the outlet of each fluid transferring device, a water inlet to the device, and a water outlet from the device in which the fluid transferring device is proportionally actuated by the flow of water through the device. Also provided is a process that can be used to produce chlorine dioxide. The process comprises flowing water through the fluid proportioning device to create a downstream water and to actuate the fluid transferring devices; drawing three or more precursor compounds each from a separate source and flowing each compound separately through one of the fluid transferring devices; and injecting the precursor compounds into the downstream water.
Abstract:
An olefin polymerization process wherein monomer, diluent and catalyst are circulated in a continuous loop reactor and product slurry is recovered by means of a continuous product take off. The continuous product allows operating the reaction at significantly higher solids content in the circulating slurry. In a preferred embodiment, the slurry is heated in a flash line heater and passed to a high pressure flash where a majority of the diluent is separated and thereafter condensed by simple heat exchange, without compression, and thereafter recycled. Also an olefin polymerization process operating at higher reactor solids by virtue of more aggressive circulation.