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    Macroscopic ordered assembly of carbon nanotubes
    51.
    发明授权
    Macroscopic ordered assembly of carbon nanotubes 有权
    宏观有序的碳纳米管组装

    公开(公告)号：US06790425B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

    申请号：US09890030

    申请日：2001-07-24

    Applicant: Richard E. Smalley ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Deron A. Walters ,  Michael J. Casavant ,  Chad B. Huffman ,  Boris I. Yakobson ,  Robert H. Hague ,  Rajesh Kumar Saini ,  Wan-Ting Chiang

    Inventor： Richard E. Smalley ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Deron A. Walters ,  Michael J. Casavant ,  Chad B. Huffman ,  Boris I. Yakobson ,  Robert H. Hague ,  Rajesh Kumar Saini ,  Wan-Ting Chiang

    IPC: D01F912

    CPC classification number: B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/168 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/08 ,  H01J2201/30469 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/845 ,  Y10S977/847 ,  Y10T156/10

    Abstract: The present invention is directed to the creation of macroscopic materials and objects comprising aligned nanotube segments. The invention entails aligning single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) segments that are suspended in a fluid medium and then removing the aligned segments from suspension in a way that macroscopic, ordered assemblies of SWNT are formed. The invention is further directed to controlling the natural proclivity of nanotube segments to self assemble into ordered structures by modifying the environment of the nanotubes and the history of that environment prior to and during the process. The materials and objects are “macroscopic” in that they are large enough to be seen without the aid of a microscope or of the dimensions of such objects. These macroscopic, ordered SWNT materials and objects have the remarkable physical, electrical, and chemical properties that SWNT exhibit on the microscopic scale because they are comprised nanotubes, each of which is aligned in the same direction and in contact with its nearest neighbors. An ordered assembly of closest SWNT also serves as a template for growth of more and larger ordered assemblies. An ordered assembly further serves as a foundation for post processing treatments that modify the assembly internally to specifically enhance selected material properties such as shear strength, tensile strength, compressive strength, toughness, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及包括对准的纳米管段的宏观材料和物体的产生。 本发明需要将悬浮在流体介质中的单壁碳纳米管（SWNT）段对准，然后以形成SWNT的宏观有序组件的方式从悬浮液中除去对准的段。 本发明进一步涉及通过在过程之前和过程中修改纳米管的环境和该环境的历史来控制纳米管段的自然倾向自我组装成有序结构。 材料和物体是“宏观的”，因为它们足够大以便在没有显微镜或这些物体的尺寸的情况下被看到。 这些宏观有序的SWNT材料和物体具有显着的物理，电学和化学性质，SWNT在微观尺度上显示，因为它们包含纳米管，每个纳米管沿相同方向排列并与其最近的邻近物接触。 最近的SWNT的有序组件也可以作为增加更多和更大订单组件的模板。 订购的组件还用作后处理处理的基础，其在内部改变组件以特异性地增强选定的材料性能，例如剪切强度，抗拉强度，抗压强度，韧性，导电性和导热性。

    Catalytic growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal particles
    53.
    发明授权
    Catalytic growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal particles 有权
    从金属颗粒催化生长单壁碳纳米管

    公开(公告)号：US06692717B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

    申请号：US09787582

    申请日：2001-03-16

    Applicant: Richard E. Smalley ,  Jason H. Hafner ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ken Smith

    Inventor： Richard E. Smalley ,  Jason H. Hafner ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ken Smith

    IPC: D01F912

    CPC classification number: D01F9/127 ,  B01J23/28 ,  B01J23/881 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/08 ,  C01B2202/36 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/845

    Abstract: Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by the catalytic decomposition of both carbon monoxide and ethylene over a supported metal catalyst known to produce larger multi-walled nanotubes. Under certain conditions, there is no termination of nanotube growth, and production appears to be limited only by the diffusion of reactant gas through the product nanotube mat that covers the catalyst The present invention concerns a catalyst-substrate system which promotes the growth of nanotubes that are predominantly single-walled tubes in a specific size range, rather than the large irregular-sized multi-walled carbon fibrils that are known to grow from supported catalysts. With development of the supported catalyst system to provide an effective means for production of single-wall nanotubes, and further development of the catalyst geometry to overcome the diffusion limitation, the present invention will allow bulk catalytic production of predominantly single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal catalysts located on a catalyst supporting surface.

    Abstract translation: 单壁碳纳米管已经通过一氧化碳和乙烯的催化分解在已知生产较大的多壁纳米管的负载金属催化剂上合成。 在某些条件下，不存在纳米管生长的终止，并且生产看起来只受到反应气体通过覆盖催化剂的产物纳米管垫的扩散的限制。本发明涉及促进纳米管生长的催化剂 - 底物系统 主要是具有特定尺寸范围的单壁管，而不是已知从负载催化剂生长的大的不规则尺寸的多壁碳原纤维。 通过开发负载型催化剂体系以提供生产单壁纳米管的有效手段，以及催化剂几何形状的进一步发展以克服扩散限制，本发明将允许主要从金属制得单壁碳纳米管 位于催化剂载体表面上的催化剂。

    Method of making ropes of single-wall carbon nanotubes
    54.
    发明授权
    Method of making ropes of single-wall carbon nanotubes 失效
    单壁碳纳米管制作方法

    公开(公告)号：US06183714B2

    公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

    申请号：US08687665

    申请日：1996-07-26

    Applicant: Richard E. Smalley ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ting Guo ,  Andrew G. Rinzler ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Andreas Thess

    Inventor： Richard E. Smalley ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Ting Guo ,  Andrew G. Rinzler ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Andreas Thess

    IPC: D01F912

    CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  Y02P20/134 ,  Y10S977/844 ,  Y10T428/2918

    Abstract: This invention provides a method of making single-wall carbon nanotubes by laser vaporizing a mixture of carbon and one or more Group VIII transition metals. Single-wall carbon nanotubes preferentially form in the vapor and the one or more Group VIII transition metals catalyzed growth of the single-wall carbon nanotubes. In one embodiment of the invention, one or more single-wall carbon nanotubes are fixed in a high temperature zone so that the one or more Group VIII transition metals catalyze further growth of the single-wall carbon nanotube that is maintained in the high temperature zone. In another embodiment, two separate laser pulses are utilized with the second pulse timed to be absorbed by the vapor created by the first pulse.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种通过激发汽化碳和一种或多种第八族过渡金属的混合物来制备单壁碳纳米管的方法。 单壁碳纳米管优先在蒸气中形成，并且一个或多个VIII族过渡金属催化单壁碳纳米管的生长。 在本发明的一个实施方案中，一个或多个单壁碳纳米管固定在高温区域中，使得一种或多种第VIII族过渡金属催化保持在高温区域中的单壁碳纳米管的进一步生长 。 在另一个实施例中，利用两个单独的激光脉冲，第二脉冲定时被第一脉冲产生的蒸气吸收。

    Functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes
    56.
    发明授权
    Functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes 有权
    功能化单壁碳纳米管

    公开(公告)号：US07527780B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-05-05

    申请号：US09809885

    申请日：2001-03-16

    Applicant: John L. Margrave ,  Edward T. Mickelson ,  Robert Hauge ,  Peter Boul ,  Chad Huffman ,  Jie Liu ,  Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert

    Inventor： John L. Margrave ,  Edward T. Mickelson ,  Robert Hauge ,  Peter Boul ,  Chad Huffman ,  Jie Liu ,  Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert

    IPC: B82B1/00

    CPC classification number: B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J23/755 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/06 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/174 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/06 ,  D01F11/121 ,  Y10S977/74 ,  Y10S977/748 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/848

    Abstract: This invention is directed to making chemical derivatives of carbon nanotubes and to uses for the derivatized nanotubes, including making arrays as a basis for synthesis of carbon fibers. In one embodiment, this invention also provides a method for preparing single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube by reacting single wall carbon nanotubes with fluorine gas and recovering fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes, then reacting fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with a nucleophile. Some of the fluorine substituents are replaced by nucleophilic substitution. If desired, the remaining fluorine can be completely or partially eliminated to produce single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube. The substituents will, of course, be dependent on the nucleophile, and preferred nucleophiles include alkyl lithium species such as methyl lithium. Alternatively, fluorine may be fully or partially removed from fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes by reacting the fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with various amounts of hydrazine, substituted hydrazine or alkyl amine. The present invention also provides seed materials for growth of single wall carbon nanotubes comprising a plurality of single wall carbon nanotubes or short tubular molecules having a catalyst precursor moiety covalently bound or physisorbed on the outer surface of the sidewall to provide the optimum metal cluster size under conditions that result in migration of the metal moiety to the tube end.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及制备碳纳米管的化学衍生物和衍生纳米管的用途，包括制备阵列作为碳纤维合成的基础。 在一个实施方案中，本发明还提供了通过使单壁碳纳米管与氟气反应并回收氟衍生的碳纳米管，制备具有连接到纳米管侧壁上的取代基的单壁碳纳米管的方法，然后使氟衍生的碳纳米管与 亲核试剂 一些氟取代基被亲核取代取代。 如果需要，可以完全或部分地除去剩余的氟以产生具有连接到纳米管的侧壁上的取代基的单壁碳纳米管。 取代基当然取决于亲核试剂，优选的亲核试剂包括烷基锂物质如甲基锂。 或者，可以通过使氟衍生的碳纳米管与各种量的肼，取代的肼或烷基胺反应，从氟衍生的碳纳米管中完全或部分地除去氟。 本发明还提供用于生长单壁碳纳米管的种子材料，其包含多个单壁碳纳米管或具有在侧壁的外表面上共价结合或物理吸附的催化剂前体部分的短管状分子，以提供最佳金属簇尺寸 导致金属部分迁移到管端的条件。

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