公开(公告)号：US07726195B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-01

申请号：US12065743

申请日：2006-11-13

Applicant: Brian Truesdale ,  Donald L. Sweeney

Inventor： Brian Truesdale ,  Donald L. Sweeney

IPC: G01L11/00

CPC classification number: G01L5/225 ,  G01L1/255

Abstract: A pressure sensitive acoustic wave sensor and actuator include an acoustic wave cavity foπned in a substrate, a transducer generating an acoustic wave substantially trapped in the acoustic wave cavity and an acoustic wave absorbing member that absorbs more acoustic wave energy in the acoustic wave cavity in response to increased pressure on the member. The speed and/or braking of an electric vehicle is controlled through operator input of a foot pedal, using the pressure sensitive acoustic wave sensor.

Abstract translation: 压力敏感的声波传感器和致动器包括：一个声波腔，其形成在衬底中，一个产生基本上被吸收在声波腔中的声波的换能器和一个在声波腔中吸收声波能量的声波吸收构件 以响应成员上的压力增加。 使用压敏声波传感器，通过操作者输入脚踏板来控制电动车辆的速度和/或制动。

公开(公告)号：US20100089160A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-15

申请号：US12449383

申请日：2008-02-06

Applicant: Pietro Lucio Cosentino ,  Gianluca Fiandaca ,  Paolo Messina ,  Raffaele Martorana ,  Patrizia Capizzi ,  Isaac Razo Amoroz

Inventor： Pietro Lucio Cosentino ,  Gianluca Fiandaca ,  Paolo Messina ,  Raffaele Martorana ,  Patrizia Capizzi ,  Isaac Razo Amoroz

IPC: G01N29/12

CPC classification number: G01N29/045 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/4436 ,  G01N29/449 ,  G01N29/46 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: Non invasive method used to detect a “sonic imprint” of three-dimensional objects, particularly suitable for the identification and monitoring of artworks, consisting in acquiring the vibrations caused by a source of elastic waves and using a set of detectors fixed in various predetermined points of the external surface of the object. An apparatus, cheap and simple to utilize, suitable to execute this method, is also described.

Abstract translation: 用于检测三维物体的“声波印记”的非侵入性方法，特别适用于艺术作品的识别和监视，包括获取由弹性波源引起的振动，并使用固定在各种预定点上的一组检测器 的物体的外表面。 还描述了适用于执行该方法的廉价且易于使用的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20080277609A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：US12070184

申请日：2008-02-15

Applicant: William T. Dolenti ,  Byron A. Fleury

Inventor： William T. Dolenti ,  Byron A. Fleury

IPC: F16K31/02 ,  G01L1/10 ,  G01L5/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/255 ,  F16K37/0041 ,  F16K37/0083 ,  G01L1/165 ,  G01L5/12

Abstract: Non-contact torque, thrust, strain, and other data sensing of a valve actuator or valve is disclosed. A sensor may include a surface acoustic wave device.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种阀门致动器或阀门的非接触式扭矩，推力，应变和其他数据传感。 传感器可以包括表面声波装置。

公开(公告)号：US06684700B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-03

申请号：US09636697

申请日：2000-08-11

Applicant: David B. Board

Inventor： David B. Board

IPC: G01N2900

CPC classification number: G01N29/42 ,  G01H1/003 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N29/227 ,  G01N29/36 ,  G01N2291/014 ,  G01N2291/015 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/269

Abstract: A sensor is disclosed specifically for detecting stress waves for use in a stress wave analysis system. The stress waves-are preferably detected in a narrow frequency range of 35-40KHz. At this range, stress waves from friction and impact sources typically propagate through machine structures at detectable amplitudes. In order to maximize the signal to noise ratio of stress waves, relative to background noise and vibration, the sensor of the present invention is designed and calibrated with a frequency response and damping features that are specifically tailored for stress wave analysis. The sensor preferably satisfies the following three criteria: (a) has a resonant gain of approximately 30 db, at its primary resonant frequency, to assure adequate selective amplification of stress waves; (b) provide a total energy content of the Resonant Energy Integral within a specified tolerance band and which can be measurable using standard test equipment and fixtures to produce calibration data that is traceable to recognized standards; and (c) have its resonant peak amplitude output decay to half amplitude by five cycles, and be down to no more than twenty percent of the initial response in the number of cycles that occur during the time period that corresponds to the corner frequency of a low pass filter.

Abstract translation: 专门用于检测应力波分析系统中使用的应力波的传感器。 应力波优选在35-40KHz的窄频范围内检测。 在这个范围内，来自摩擦和冲击源的应力波通常以可检测的振幅传播通过机械结构。 为了使应力波的相对于背景噪声和振动的信噪比最大化，本发明的传感器被设计和校准，其具有针对应力波分析专门定制的频率响应和阻尼特征。 传感器优选满足以下三个标准：（a）在其初级共振频率下具有约30db的谐振增益，以确保应力波的充分选择性放大; （b）在规定的公差范围内提供共振能量积分的总能量含量，并使用标准测试设备和夹具产生可追溯到公认标准的校准数据; 和（c）其谐振峰值振幅输出衰减到五个周期的一半幅度，并且在对应于对应于a的拐角频率的时间段期间发生的周期数中，下降至不超过初始响应的百分之二十 低通滤波器。

公开(公告)号：US20030200036A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-23

申请号：US10127224

申请日：2002-04-22

Inventor： Seshadri Srinivasan ,  Jonathan Ophir

IPC: G01L001/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/255

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an apparatus and method for determining localized strain in a target body by identifying sets of features in reflected echo sequences and by comparing sets of features to determine time shift values between features.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于通过识别反射回波序列中的特征集合并且通过比较特征集合来确定特征之间的时间偏移值来确定目标体中局部应变的装置和方法。

公开(公告)号：US20020078759A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-27

申请号：US09573053

申请日：2000-05-16

Inventor： Don E. Bray

IPC: G01L001/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/07 ,  G01N29/227 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/103 ,  G01N2291/2623 ,  G01N2291/2693

Abstract: The latent stress in both flat and curved materials can be measured using critically refracted longitudinal ultrasonic technique. The system uses a frame to hold a hydraulic piston. The piston is used to apply an adjustable force against the probes. A signal is initiated by a transmitting probe. The signal is angled against the piece under test so as to create a critically refracted wave along the piece. Wedge-shaped probe pads allow placement of the probes on both flat and curved surfaces with various radii and arc lengths. The delay time to receive the wave at a first and second receiving probe is measured. The delay time correlates to a stress in the piece.

Abstract translation: 平面和弯曲材料的潜在应力可以使用严格折射的纵向超声波技术进行测量。 系统使用框架来固定液压活塞。 活塞用于对探头施加可调力。 信号由发射探头发起。 该信号与被测试件成一定角度，以便沿着该件产生一个重要的折射波。 楔形探针垫允许将探针放置在具有不同半径和弧长的平坦和弯曲表面上。 测量在第一和第二接收探针处接收波的延迟时间。 延迟时间与片中的应力相关。

公开(公告)号：USRE37065E1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

申请号：US09252941

申请日：1999-02-18

Applicant: Allen R. Grahn

Inventor： Allen R. Grahn

IPC: G01H516

CPC classification number: G01B17/04 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01L5/16 ,  G01L5/228 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: A triaxial force sensor using a hemispherical target supported by a compliant element such as a spring or an elastomer supported by a rigid support member. The sensor includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers disposed in a plane at equal intervals about the target and vertically and laterally offset from the target. The transducers are oriented at an oblique angle to the plane, and aimed at the target in its rest position. The target is displaced by sufficient force applied to elastically deform the compliant element, which displacement alters the transit times of ultrasonic signals from the transducers which are reflected from the target. If at least three sensor units are employed non-colinearly, the six force-torque components, Fx, Fy, Fz, Mx, My, Mz, can be determined from the pulse transit times, the speed-of-sound in the medium or media between the transducers and the target, the deformation response of the compliant element, and the known geometry and spacing of the transducers. Pairs of transducers may be rotationally offset from each other to determine different force-torque components. A plurality of sensors as described may be employed together in a multi-sensor array. An alternative embodiment employing both the amplitude and the transit time of an ultrasonic pulse is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 一种三轴力传感器，其使用由诸如弹簧的柔性元件或由刚性支撑构件支撑的弹性体支撑的半球形靶。 该传感器包括多个超声波换能器，该超声波换能器以相等的间隔设置在平面上，并且与目标物垂直和侧向偏移。 换能器被定向成与该平面成倾斜的角度，并且将目标瞄准在其静止位置。 目标通过施加足够的力以使柔性元件弹性变形而移位，该位移改变来自目标反射的换能器的超声波信号的传送时间。 如果非共线使用至少三个传感器单元，则可以从脉冲传递时间，介质中的声速或者声音的速度确定六个力 - 扭矩分量Fx，Fy，Fz，Mx，My，Mz 传感器和目标之间的介质，柔性元件的变形响应以及换能器的已知几何形状和间隔。 换能器对可以彼此旋转地偏移以确定不同的力 - 扭矩分量。 所描述的多个传感器可以一起用于多传感器阵列中。 还公开了采用超声波脉冲的幅度和通过时间两者的替代实施例。

公开(公告)号：US5813280A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US708393

申请日：1996-09-04

Applicant: Ward L. Johnson ,  George A. Alers ,  Bert A. Auld

Inventor： Ward L. Johnson ,  George A. Alers ,  Bert A. Auld

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01L7/10

CPC classification number: G01L1/255 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: A force sensor including a cylindrical body having a central section and two distal sections wherein selected acoustic resonant modes are trapped in the central section and decays exponentially in the distal sections. An electromechanical acoustic transducer (EMAT) can be used to excite and detect the selected resonant modes in the central section. Force applied to the distal sections, including axial stress and torque, alter the resonant frequencies of the selected modes.

Abstract translation: 一种力传感器，包括具有中心部分和两个远端部分的圆柱体，其中选定的声学共振模式被捕获在中心部分中并且在远端部分中呈指数衰减。 可以使用机电声换能器（EMAT）来激励和检测中心部分中所选择的谐振模式。 施加到远端部分的力，包括轴向应力和扭矩，改变所选模式的谐振频率。

公开(公告)号：US5808201A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-15

申请号：US707922

申请日：1996-09-09

Applicant: Monte K. Hugentobler

Inventor： Monte K. Hugentobler

IPC: G01L1/25 ,  G01N29/22 ,  G01N29/24

CPC classification number: G01N29/227 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01N29/223 ,  G01N29/2412 ,  G01N2291/02827

Abstract: Applicant's invention defines an improved electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for monitoring stress in an underlying workpiece. The EMATs are provided with positioning pins for fixing the registration of the EMAT relative to the workpiece. The bottom contact surface of the EMAT may be altered geometrically or provided with a friction reducing means, such as a wheel assembly, to minimize contact surface area and thus unwanted frictional influences caused by deformation of the workpiece under the EMAT. An apparatus for reliably positioning the EMATs above a workpiece is also disclosed, said apparatus comprising an actuating means which by a linkage mechanism lowers or raises at least one EMAT into position, further allowing access to the positioning pins for applying the necessary force to anchor the EMATs to the workpiece.

Abstract translation: 申请人的发明定义了用于监测基础工件中的应力的改进的电磁声换能器（EMAT）。 EMAT设有定位销，用于固定EMAT相对于工件的对准。 EMAT的底部接触表面可以在几何上改变，或者设置有摩擦减小装置，例如轮子组件，以使接触表面积最小化，从而使EMAT下的工件变形引起不必要的摩擦影响。 还公开了一种用于将EMAT可靠地定位在工件上方的装置，所述装置包括致动装置，该致动装置通过连杆机构将至少一个EMAT降低或升高到适当位置，还允许进入定位销以施加必要的力来锚定 EMAT到工件。

公开(公告)号：US5209126A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-11

申请号：US638044

申请日：1991-01-04

Applicant: Allen R. Grahn

Inventor： Allen R. Grahn

IPC: G01L5/00 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L1/25 ,  G01L5/16 ,  G01L5/22

CPC classification number: G01L5/16 ,  G01L1/247 ,  G01L1/255 ,  G01L5/166 ,  G01L5/167 ,  G01L5/228

Abstract: A force sensor and related method for determining force components. The force sensor includes a deformable medium having a contact surface against which a force can be applied, a signal generator for generating signals that travel through the deformable medium to the contact surface, a signal receptor for receiving the signal reflected from the contact surface, a generation controller, a reception controller, and a force determination apparatus. The signal generator has one or more signal generation regions for generating the signals. The generation controller selects and activates the signal generation regions. The signal receptor has one or more signal reception regions for receiving signals and for generating detections signals in response thereto. The reception controller selects signal reception regions and detects the detection signals. The force determination apparatus measures signal transit time by timing activation and detection and, optionally, determines force components for selected cross-field intersections. The timer which times by activation and detection can be any means for measuring signal transit time. A cross-field intersection is defined by the overlap of a signal generation region and a signal reception region.

Abstract translation: 力传感器及相关方法，用于确定力分量。 力传感器包括具有能够施加力的接触表面的可变形介质，用于产生通过可变形介质传递到接触表面的信号的信号发生器，用于接收从接触表面反射的信号的信号接收器， 发电控制器，接收控制器和力确定装置。 信号发生器具有用于产生信号的一个或多个信号产生区域。 发电控制器选择并激活信号发生区域。 信号接收器具有一个或多个信号接收区域，用于接收信号并响应于此产生检测信号。 接收控制器选择信号接收区域并检测检测信号。 力确定装置通过定时激活和检测来测量信号传播时间，并且可选地，确定所选交叉场交点的力分量。 通过激活和检测时间的定时器可以是用于测量信号传播时间的任何手段。 通过信号产生区域和信号接收区域的重叠来定义交叉场交叉。