公开(公告)号：US20060171506A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-03

申请号：US10789653

申请日：2004-02-28

Applicant: Paul Lovoi ,  John Rieke ,  Alex Lim ,  Peter Smith ,  Thomas Rusch

Inventor： Paul Lovoi ,  John Rieke ,  Alex Lim ,  Peter Smith ,  Thomas Rusch

IPC: H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J35/28 ,  H01J35/12

CPC classification number: A61N5/1002 ,  A61M25/003 ,  A61M25/10 ,  A61M2025/0004 ,  A61M2025/0034 ,  A61M2025/0036 ,  A61M2025/0039 ,  A61N2005/005 ,  A61N2005/1022 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/1216 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: A miniature x-ray tube is cooled using a catheter preferably having multiple small lumens for inflow and outflow of coolant. Inflow may be through an outer lumen(s) in a concentric-extrusion catheter, the liquid turning back at the distal end of the catheter to a proximal flow over the anode end of the x-ray tube and through an inner lumen within which the x-ray tube is positioned. A coolant distribution head may engage with the anode end of the x-ray tube, with small orifices so as to distribute coolant essentially evenly over the anode surface. Temperature and flow rate of the inflowing coolant liquid are balanced so as to optimize heat transfer while efficiently carrying coolant through small lumens without the need for high pressures. Some embodiments use the inflation liquid in an applicator balloon as the coolant, with the liquid actively flowing or, in a simplified system, with the liquid static.

Abstract translation: 使用优选具有用于冷却剂的流入和流出的多个小流明的导管来冷却微型X射线管。 流入可以穿过同心挤出导管中的外腔，液体在导管的远端处返回到X射线管的阳极端上的近端流动并且穿过内腔，在内腔内 x射线管被定位。 冷却剂分配头可以与X射线管的阳极端接合，具有小孔，以便将冷却剂基本均匀地分布在阳极表面上。 流入的冷却剂液体的温度和流速是平衡的，以便优化热传递，同时有效地将冷却剂携带在小流明中，而不需要高压。 一些实施例使用施用器气囊中的充气液体作为冷却剂，其中液体主动地流动，或者在简化的系统中使液体静止。

公开(公告)号：US07027560B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-11

申请号：US10871055

申请日：2004-06-21

Applicant: Johann Kindlein

Inventor： Johann Kindlein

IPC: H01J35/12

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N2005/005 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/1204 ,  H01J2235/1212 ,  H01J2235/1216 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/127 ,  H01J2235/1275 ,  H01J2235/186

Abstract: The invention relates to a miniature X-ray source device connected to a distal end of a guiding wire for insertion towards a desired location within an animal body for effecting radiation therapy, said X-ray source device at least comprising a vacuum tube accommodated in said housing containing a cathode and an anode spaced apart at some distance from each other; electron freeing means for freeing electrons from the cathode; electric field means for applying during use a high-voltage electric field between said cathode and said anode for accelerating said free electrons; said vacuum tube being at least partly transparent to X-ray radiation emitted by said anode, as well as cooling means for cooling at least said anode.It is an object to provide a miniature X-ray source device having further limited constructional dimensions and an improved control of the working temperature of at least the anode and hence the working conditions of the miniature X-ray source device.According to the invention the miniature X-ray source device is hereto characterised in that said cooling means are cryogenic cooling means. More in particular in a specific embodiment of said miniature X-ray source device said cooling means comprise at least one supply passageway for supplying pressurized gas towards said anode and at least one exhaust passageway for exhausting said pressurized gas from said anode, said supply passageway and said exhaust passageway being interconnected by means of an expansion chamber surrounding at least partly said anode.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种连接到导丝的远端的微型X射线源装置，用于向动物体内的所需位置插入以进行放射治疗，所述X射线源装置至少包括容纳在所述的X射线源装置中的真空管 壳体包含彼此间隔开一定距离的阴极和阳极; 用于从阴极释放电子的电子释放装置; 电场装置，用于在使用期间施加所述阴极和所述阳极之间的高压电场，用于加速所述自由电子; 所述真空管对于由所述阳极发射的X射线辐射至少部分透明，以及用于冷却至少所述阳极的冷却装置。 本发明的目的是提供一种具有进一步有限的结构尺寸的微型X射线源装置，以及对至少阳极的工作温度的改进控制以及微型X射线源装置的工作条件的改进。 根据本发明，微型X射线源装置的特征在于所述冷却装置是低温冷却装置。 更具体地在所述微型X射线源装置的具体实施例中，所述冷却装置包括用于向所述阳极供应加压气体的至少一个供应通道和用于从所述阳极排出所述加压气体的至少一个排气通道，所述供应通道和 所述排气通道通过至少部分地围绕所述阳极的膨胀室相互连接。

公开(公告)号：US06714626B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US10065392

申请日：2002-10-11

Applicant: Madhusudhana T. Subraya ,  Carey S. Rogers ,  Michael J. Price

Inventor： Madhusudhana T. Subraya ,  Carey S. Rogers ,  Michael J. Price

IPC: H01J3516

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/1283 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: An x-ray tube window cooling assembly (11) for an x-ray tube (18) is provided. The cooling assembly (11) includes an electron collector body (110) coupled to an x-ray tube window (104) and having a first coolant circuit (112). The coolant circuit (112) includes a coolant inlet (114) and a coolant outlet (122). The coolant outlet (122) directs coolant at an x-ray tube window surface (152) to impinge upon and cool the x-ray tube window (104). The coolant is reflected off the reflection surface (146) as to impinge upon and cool the x-ray tube window (104). A method of operating the x-ray tube (18) is also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于X射线管（18）的X射线管窗冷却组件（11）。 冷却组件（11）包括耦合到X射线管窗口（104）并具有第一冷却剂回路（112）的电子收集体（110）。 冷却剂回路（112）包括冷却剂入口（114）和冷却剂出口（122）。 冷却剂出口（122）引导冷却剂在x射线管窗表面（152）处冲击并冷却X射线管窗口（104）。 冷却剂从反射表面（146）反射以撞击并冷却X射线管窗口（104）。 还提供了一种操作X射线管（18）的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06438208B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09657502

申请日：2000-09-08

Applicant: Thomas J. Koller

Inventor： Thomas J. Koller

IPC: G21K100

CPC classification number: H05G1/04 ,  G21K5/04 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: A window and cooling plenum for use with x-ray devices. The x-ray device includes an x-ray tube at least partially immersed in coolant contained within a reservoir. The coolant is continuously circulated through the reservoir by an external cooling unit. The window is brazed into a vacuum enclosure of the x-ray tube and includes a plurality of extended surfaces that are integral with the window. A compensating window is also provided and is disposed substantially proximate to the extended surfaces of the window so that a fluid passageway is defined. The compensating window and window are substantially enclosed within a cooling plenum having fluid inlet and outlet connections in fluid communication with the fluid passageway and the reservoir. A flow of coolant generated by the external cooling unit enters the fluid passageway so that the coolant is able to absorb heat dissipated by the window. Upon exiting the fluid passageway, the coolant returns to the reservoir to repeat the cycle. In addition to facilitating definition of the fluid passageway, the compensating window includes extended surfaces and slots which serve to attenuate differences in the intensity of x-rays emitted through the extended surfaces and slots of the window. By ensuring that the x-rays ultimately emitted from the x-ray device are of substantially uniform intensity, the compensating window serves to maintain the quality of diagnostic images produced by the x-ray device.

Abstract translation: 用于x射线装置的窗户和冷却通风室。 X射线装置包括至少部分地浸入容纳在贮存器内的冷却剂中的x射线管。 冷却剂通过外部冷却单元连续循环通过储存器。 窗口钎焊到x射线管的真空外壳中，并且包括与窗口成一体的多个延伸表面。 还提供补偿窗口并且基本上靠近窗口的延伸表面设置，使得限定了流体通道。 补偿窗和窗口基本上封闭在具有与流体通道和储存器流体连通的流体入口和出口连接的冷却气室内。 由外部冷却单元产生的冷却剂流进入流体通道，使得冷却剂能够吸收由窗口消散的热量。 在离开流体通道时，冷却剂返回到储存器以重复循环。 除了便于流体通道的定义之外，补偿窗口包括延伸的表面和狭槽，其用于衰减通过窗口的延伸表面和狭槽发射的x射线的强度差异。 通过确保最终从x射线装置发射的X射线具有基本均匀的强度，补偿窗口用于维持由x射线装置产生的诊断图像的质量。

公开(公告)号：US20010024485A1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-27

申请号：US09862730

申请日：2001-05-22

Applicant: General Electric Company

Inventor： Carey S. Rogers

IPC: H01J035/18

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  F28D15/02 ,  F28D15/0275 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/1287

Abstract: An x-ray tube for emitting x-rays through an x-ray transmissive window is disclosed herein. The x-ray tube includes a casing, an x-ray tube insert which generates x-rays, an x-ray transmissive window disposed in the x-ray tube insert, and at least one heat pipe thermally coupled to the x-ray transmissive window. The x-ray transmissive window provides an area through which the x-rays pass. The heat pipe transfers thermal energy away from the x-ray transmissive window, providing intense, localized cooling of the x-ray window.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了一种用于通过x射线透射窗口发射X射线的X射线管。 X射线管包括壳体，产生x射线的X射线管插入件，设置在X射线管插入件中的x射线透射窗口，以及至少一个热管，其热耦合到x射线透射 窗口。 X射线透射窗提供X射线通过的区域。 热管传递热能远离x射线透视窗，提供X射线窗口的强烈的局部冷却。

公开(公告)号：US5949849A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US937921

申请日：1997-09-26

Applicant: Masayuki Hirano ,  Tsutomu Inazuru ,  Takashi Koike

Inventor： Masayuki Hirano ,  Tsutomu Inazuru ,  Takashi Koike

IPC: H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H01J35/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/122

Abstract: To provide an X-ray generator capable of both being compact and containing an air-cooling mechanism, an X-ray generator according to the present invention houses within a protective case both an X-ray tube containing a cathode for irradiating a target with an electron beam, in which X-ray tube the target having a ground potential is fixed to the inner surface of an output window, which in turn is fixed to an electrically and thermally conductive output window support provided on the end of a bulb; and a power supply for driving the X-ray tube. A flange portion formed on the output window support so as to protrude externally contacts and is fixed to the thermally conductive protective case. As a result, heat near 100.degree. C. generated continuously in the X-ray tube is transferred to the protective case and dissipated externally. The thus configured X-ray generator is best suited when used as an electrostatic remover for removing electrostatic accumulations on an object, such as an integrated circuit.

Abstract translation: 为了提供能够紧凑并且包含空气冷却机构的X射线发生器，根据本发明的X射线发生器在保护壳内容纳包含用于将目标物照射的阴极的X射线管与 电子束，其中具有接地电位的靶的X射线管固定到输出窗的内表面，该输出窗又被固定到设置在灯泡的端部上的导电和导热的输出窗口支撑件; 以及用于驱动X射线管的电源。 形成在输出窗口支撑件上以便从外部突出的凸缘部分接触并固定到导热保护壳体。 结果，在X射线管中连续产生的靠近100℃的热量传递到保护壳体并从外部消散。 这样配置的X射线发生器在用作用于去除物体（例如集成电路）上的静电积聚的静电去除器时是最适合的。

公开(公告)号：US5788766A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-04

申请号：US565595

申请日：1995-11-30

Applicant: Yoshiyuki Yamamoto ,  Keiichiro Tanabe ,  Katsuko Harano ,  Takashi Tsuno ,  Nobuhiro Ota ,  Naoji Fujimori

Inventor： Yoshiyuki Yamamoto ,  Keiichiro Tanabe ,  Katsuko Harano ,  Takashi Tsuno ,  Nobuhiro Ota ,  Naoji Fujimori

IPC: G21K1/10 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01L23/473 ,  H01S5/02 ,  H01S5/024 ,  H05H7/00 ,  C30B29/05

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  G21K1/10 ,  H01L23/473 ,  H05H7/00 ,  G21K2201/065 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H01L2924/0002

Abstract: A window material, which has a high thermal conductivity material layer having a thermal conductivity of at least 10 W/cm.multidot.K and which has a cooling medium flow path on or in the high thermal conductivity material layer, has a high heat-dissipating property and a high transmittance.

Abstract translation: 具有导热率至少为10W / cm×KK的高导热性材料层，并且在高导热性材料层上或其上具有冷却介质流路的窗材料具有高的散热性和 透光率高。