公开(公告)号：US20020182131A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

申请号：US09872254

申请日：2001-06-01

Applicant: APPLIED MATERIALS, INC.

Inventor： Tony S. Kaushal ,  Shamouil Shamouilian ,  Harshad Borgaonkar ,  Kwok Manus Wong ,  Michael G. Chafin ,  Ashish Bhatnagar

IPC: F28D021/00 ,  B01J035/00 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/32844 ,  B01D53/8662 ,  B01D53/885 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/129 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0835 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  C23C16/4412 ,  H01J37/3244 ,  Y02C20/30

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus has a process chamber with a substrate support, a gas supply to introduce a gas into the chamber, and a gas energizer to energize the gas in the processing of a substrate, thereby generating an effluent gas. A catalytic reactor has an effluent gas inlet to receive the effluent gas and an effluent gas outlet to exhaust treated effluent gas. A heater is adapted to heat the effluent gas in the catalytic reactor. The heated catalytic treatment of the effluent gas abates the hazardous gases in the effluent. An additive gas source and a prescrubber may also be used to further treat the effluent.

Abstract translation: 基板处理装置具有具有基板支撑件的处理室，向室内引入气体的气体供给部，以及在基板的加工中使气体通电的气体增压器，从而产生流出气体。 催化反应器具有用于接收废气的废气入口和用于排出经处理的废气的废气出口。 加热器适于加热催化反应器中的废气。 流出气体的加热催化处理减少流出物中的有害气体。 还可以使用添加气体源和预饱和物来进一步处理流出物。

公开(公告)号：US20020172630A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-21

申请号：US09816676

申请日：2001-03-23

Inventor： Shabbir Ahmed ,  Sheldon H. D. Lee ,  John David Carter ,  Michael Krumpelt

IPC: B01J008/02 ,  C01B003/26 ,  H01M008/06

CPC classification number: B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0465 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/0455 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1282 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/143 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  C01B2203/82

Abstract: A method of producing a H2 rich gas stream includes supplying an O2 rich gas, steam, and fuel to an inner reforming zone of a fuel processor that includes a partial oxidation catalyst and a steam reforming catalyst or a combined partial oxidation and stream reforming catalyst. The method also includes contacting the O2 rich gas, steam, and fuel with the partial oxidation catalyst and the steam reforming catalyst or the combined partial oxidation and stream reforming catalyst in the inner reforming zone to generate a hot reformate stream. The method still further includes cooling the hot reformate stream in a cooling zone to produce a cooled reformate stream. Additionally, the method includes removing sulfur-containing compounds from the cooled reformate stream by contacting the cooled reformate stream with a sulfur removal agent. The method still further includes contacting the cooled reformate stream with a catalyst that converts water and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and H2 in a water-gas-shift zone to produce a final reformate stream in the fuel processor.

Abstract translation: 一种生产富H2气体流的方法包括将富O2的气体，蒸汽和燃料供应到包括部分氧化催化剂和蒸汽重整催化剂或组合的部分氧化和物流重整催化剂的燃料处理器的内部重整区。 该方法还包括使富氧气体，蒸汽和燃料与内部重整区中的部分氧化催化剂和蒸汽重整催化剂或组合的部分氧化和物流重整催化剂接触以产生热重整产物流。 该方法还包括在冷却区中冷却热重整物流以产生冷却的重整产物流。 此外，该方法包括通过将冷却的重整产物流与除硫剂接触来从冷却的重整产物流中除去含硫化合物。 该方法还包括将冷却的重整产物流与在水煤气转移区中将水和一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳和H 2的催化剂接触，以在燃料处理器中产生最终的重整产物流。

公开(公告)号：US20020141908A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-03

申请号：US09982995

申请日：2001-10-22

Inventor： Seiji Miyoshi ,  Akihide Takami ,  Makoto Kyougoku ,  Hiroshi Yamada ,  Kenji Okamoto ,  Kenichi Yamamoto ,  Yuki Kooda

IPC: B01J023/58 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: B01D53/945 ,  B01D53/9422 ,  B01D53/9481 ,  B01D53/9486 ,  B01D53/949 ,  B01D2255/2022 ,  B01D2255/204 ,  B01D2255/2042 ,  B01D2255/2047 ,  B01D2258/012 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/58 ,  B01J23/63 ,  B01J37/0242 ,  B01J37/0244 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N2570/04 ,  F02D41/0275 ,  F02D41/028 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  Y10S502/514

Abstract: A catalyst (25) for lowering NOx concentration in an exhaust gas is disposed in an exhaust gas passage (22) of an engine (1). The catalyst (25) is composed of a catalyst layer (25b) formed on a substrate (25a). A NOx absorber that absorbs NOx when an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is high and releases NOx when the oxygen concentration drops, and a precious metal for reducing NOx are supported on a support material as catalyst components, and the NOx absorber includes Ba, K, Sr, and Mg. By lowering the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and raising a temperature of the NOx absorber when sulfur component is absorbed excessively in the NOx absorber, it is possible to regenerate the catalyst from the S poisoning.

Abstract translation: 用于降低排气中的NOx浓度的催化剂（25）设置在发动机（1）的排气通道（22）中。 催化剂（25）由在基板（25a）上形成的催化剂层（25b）构成。 当NOx浓度降低时，当排气中的氧浓度高时吸收NOx，并且在氧浓度下降时释放NOx，并且用于还原NOx的贵金属作为催化剂组分负载在载体材料上，并且NOx吸收剂包括Ba，K ，Sr和Mg。 通过降低废气中的氧浓度，并且当在NOx吸收器中过度吸收硫成分时，提高NOx吸收剂的温度，可以从S中毒再生催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US20020127170A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-12

申请号：US09842714

申请日：2001-04-27

Inventor： Eun-Hwa Hong ,  Kun-Hong Lee ,  Chang-Mo Ryu ,  Jong-Hoon Han ,  Jae-Eun Yoo

IPC: D01F009/12 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/844 ,  Y10S977/951

Abstract: A method of synthesizing carbon nanotubes and a carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus used for the same are provided. A catalyst is introduced into the reactor, and the catalyst in the reactor is selectively and locally heated by a heating method such as microwave irradiation, electromagnetic inductive heating, radio frequency heating or laser heating. Here, carbon source gas, carbon source gas and hydrogen sulfide gas, or carbon source gas and hydrogen gas or inert gas is supplied into the reactor, thereby growing carbon nanotubes from the locally heated catalyst.

Abstract translation: 提供合成碳纳米管的方法和用于其的碳纳米管合成装置。 将催化剂引入反应器中，通过微波照射，电磁感应加热，射频加热或激光加热等加热方法选择性地和局部地加热反应器中的催化剂。 这里，将碳源气体，碳源气体和硫化氢气体，或碳源气体和氢气或惰性气体供给到反应器中，由此从局部加热的催化剂生长碳纳米管。

公开(公告)号：US20020119353A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-29

申请号：US10127030

申请日：2002-04-19

Inventor： David J. Edlund ,  William A. Pledger

IPC: H01M008/06 ,  B01J010/00 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J8/0257 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0465 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J2208/00088 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/00371 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2219/00069 ,  B01J2219/00081 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B3/586 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1058 ,  C01B2203/1076 ,  C01B2203/1217 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1282 ,  C01B2203/1288 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1628 ,  C01B2203/1657 ,  C01B2203/1676 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  C01B2203/1695 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04044 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02P20/128

Abstract: The invented system includes a fuel-cell system comprising a fuel cell that produces electrical power from air (oxygen) and hydrogen, and a fuel processor that produces hydrogen from a variety of feedstocks. One such fuel processor is a steam reformer which produces purified hydrogen from a carbon-containing feedstock and water. In the invented system, various mechanisms for implementing the cold start-up of the fuel processor are disclosed, as well as mechanisms for optimizing and/or harvesting the heat and water requirements of the system, and maintaining desired the feed ratios of feedstock to water in the fuel processor and purity of the process water used in the system.

Abstract translation: 本发明的系统包括燃料电池系统，其包括从空气（氧气）和氢气产生电力的燃料电池，以及从各种原料产生氢气的燃料处理器。 一种这样的燃料处理器是从含碳原料和水产生纯化氢的蒸汽重整器。 在本发明的系统中，公开了用于实施燃料处理器的冷启动的各种机构，以及用于优化和/或收获系统的热和水需求的机构，并且保持原料至水的所需进料比 在燃料处理器和系统中使用的工艺水的纯度。

公开(公告)号：US20020119091A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-29

申请号：US10118135

申请日：2002-04-08

Applicant: CONOCO INC.

Inventor： Alfred E. Keller

IPC: C01B003/26 ,  B01F003/02 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: C01B17/0404 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B17/0413 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/045 ,  C01B2203/046 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1005 ,  C01B2203/1023 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C01B2203/1282 ,  C01B2203/147 ,  C01B2203/1604

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for treating a stream containing H2S are disclosed. A preferred method comprises mixing the stream containing H2S with a light hydrocarbon stream and an oxygen containing stream to form a feed stream, contacting the feed stream with a catalyst for less than about 10000 microseconds while simultaneously raising the temperature of the stream sufficiently to allow oxidation of the H2S and partial oxidation of the light hydrocarbon to produce a product stream containing elemental sulfur, CO and hydrogen, and cooling the product stream sufficiently to condense at least a portion of the elemental sulfur and produce a tail gas. A preferred method further includes the step of processing the tail gas so as to react CO in the tail gas with water to produce CO2 and hydrogen and so as to convert elemental sulfur, SO2, COS, and CS2 in the tail gas into H2S, the step of contacting the tail gas with an alkanolamine absorber to produce a treated tail gas, and the step of producing H2 from the treated tail gas.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于处理含有H 2 S的物流的方法，装置和系统。 优选的方法包括将含有H 2 S的物流与轻质烃流和含氧流混合以形成进料流，使进料流与催化剂接触小于约10000微秒，同时将流的温度充分提高以允许氧化 的H 2 S和轻烃的部分氧化以产生含有元素硫，CO和氢的产物流，并且将产物流充分冷却以冷凝至少一部分元素硫并产生尾气。 优选的方法还包括处理尾气以使尾气中的CO与水反应以产生CO 2和氢，并将尾气中的元素硫，SO 2，COS和CS 2转化成H 2 S的步骤， 使尾气与链烷醇胺吸收剂接触以产生经处理的尾气的步骤，以及从经处理的尾气生产H 2的步骤。

公开(公告)号：US20020119082A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-29

申请号：US10027645

申请日：2001-12-20

Inventor： Didier Letourneur ,  Charles M. Sorensen JR. ,  Pierre Woehl

IPC: B01J008/02 ,  B01D053/34 ,  B01J008/04

CPC classification number: B01J4/001 ,  B01J19/2485 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  Y10S585/926

Abstract: A method is disclosed for maintaining a volumetric gas to liquid ratio in a segmented gas/liquid flow along a reactor of monolithic catalyst beds in series. The present invention includes the steps of: initiating the segmented gas/liquid flow at a first end of the reactor by introducing feed liquid and feed gas both at a predetermined volume and a predetermined flow rate; injecting an additional amount of gas at least once into any of the spaces between catalyst beds; and combining the segments of the segmented gas/liquid flow at a second end of the reactor. The injection of gas is controlled such that the segmented gas/liquid flow can be maintained near or at the Taylor regime.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在沿着整体式催化剂床的反应器串联的分段气/液流中维持体积气体与液体比的方法。 本发明包括以下步骤：通过以预定的体积和预定流量引入进料液体和进料气体来在反应器的第一端引发分段的气/液流; 将至少一次额外量的气体注入催化剂床之间的任何空间; 并且在反应器的第二端处组合分段的气体/液体流的段。 控制气体的注入使得分段的气体/液体流可以保持在泰勒状态附近或处于泰勒状态。

公开(公告)号：US20020081253A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-27

申请号：US09983748

申请日：2001-10-25

Applicant: NGK INSULATORS, LTD.

Inventor： Fumio Abe

IPC: B01J008/02 ,  C01B031/18 ,  F28D021/00 ,  C10J003/00 ,  C01B003/26

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/2485 ,  B01J2219/00058 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0833 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0888 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1023 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1047 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1619 ,  C01B2203/1623 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: A reformer disposed in the flow path of a reactant fluid includes: a catalyst unit capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, by catalysis, and an electrically heatable heater unit. An electrically heatable catalyst unit includes: any of a sintered material, a metallic material, a composite material thereof, at least a portion of each of these materials having an electrically heatable property, and a composite material of (1) a heat-resistant material having no electrically heatable property and (2) the sintered material and/or the metallic material, and a catalyst capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, by catalysis, which catalyst unit has porosity, thereby enables diffusion of a reactant fluid therethrough, and is electrically heatable. The above reformer can generate high-purity hydrogen for use in fuel cell of industrial or automotive application, in a short time.

Abstract translation: 设置在反应物流体的流路中的重整器包括：能够通过催化从含有有机化合物或一氧化碳的反应物流体产生氢的催化剂单元，以及电可加热加热器单元。 电可加热催化剂单元包括：烧结材料，金属材料，其复合材料中的任一种，这些材料的至少一部分具有电可加热性，以及（1）耐热材料 不具有电可加热性，和（2）烧结材料和/或金属材料，以及能够通过催化从含有有机化合物或一氧化碳的反应物流中产生氢的催化剂，该催化剂单元具有多孔性，从而能够扩散 的反应物流体，并且是电可加热的。 上述改性剂可以在短时间内产生用于工业或汽车应用的燃料电池中的高纯度氢。

公开(公告)号：US20020071976A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-13

申请号：US10015845

申请日：2001-11-01

Inventor： David J. Edlund

IPC: H01M008/06 ,  B01J008/02

CPC classification number: B01D53/02 ,  B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/8603 ,  B01D2253/112 ,  B01D2257/30 ,  B01D2259/80 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J20/0237 ,  B01J20/0244 ,  B01J20/06 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662

Abstract: A fuel processing system that includes an improved sulfur-removal assembly. The fuel processing system includes at least one fuel processor adapted to produce hydrogen gas from water and a carbon-containing feedstock, such as at least one hydrocarbon or alcohol. The sulfur-removal assembly includes a sulfur-absorbent bed that contains a sulfur-absorbent material, such as a low-temperature shift (LTS) catalyst, that is adapted to remove, or reduce the concentration of, sulfur-compounds from the carbon-containing feedstock.

Abstract translation: 一种燃料处理系统，其包括改进的除硫组件。 燃料处理系统包括至少一个燃料处理器，其适用于从水和含碳原料（例如至少一种烃或醇）产生氢气。 除硫组件包括含硫吸收材料（例如低温位移（LTS）催化剂）的硫吸收床，其适于从碳 - 碳复合材料中除去或降低硫化合物的浓度， 含有原料。

公开(公告)号：US20020057997A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-16

申请号：US08985206

申请日：1997-12-04

Inventor： HIROSHIGE MIZUNO ,  NAOMI NODA ,  YUKINARI SHIBAGAKI ,  AKIRA TAKAHASHI

IPC: B01J008/02 ,  B01J035/02 ,  B01D050/00

CPC classification number: B01D53/945 ,  B01J23/58 ,  B01J37/0248 ,  F01N3/28 ,  Y02A50/2324 ,  Y02T10/22

Abstract: A catalyst for exhaust gas purification is capable of purifying the hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide present in the exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine. The catalyst has a monolithic carrier and a catalyst layer containing Pd, Ba and a heat-resistant inorganic oxide, formed on the carrier. The amount of Pd supported on monolithic carrier is 100-300 g per ft3 of monolithic carrier (3.53null10null3 to 1.06null10null2 g per cc of monolithic carrier), the amount of Ba supported on monolithic carrier is 0.010-0.060 g per cc of monolithic carrier in terms of BaO, and the weight ratio of Pd and Ba as expressed as BaO is 1:2 to 1:10. This catalyst for exhaust gas purification is superior particularly in hydrocarbon purification for a low-temperature fuel-rich exhaust gas (such as exhaust gas emitted during cold start) of automobile.

Abstract translation: 用于排气净化的催化剂能够净化从内燃机排出的废气中存在的烃，氮氧化物和一氧化碳。 催化剂具有整体式载体和在载体上形成的含有Pd，Ba和耐热无机氧化物的催化剂层。 在整体式载体上负载的Pd的量为100-300g / ft 3的整体式载体（3.53×10 -3至1.06×10 -2 g / cc的整体式载体），负载在单片载体上的Ba的量为0.010-0.060g / cc的整体载体，BaO表示的Pd和Ba的重量比为1:2〜1:10。 用于排气净化的催化剂在汽车的低温富油废气（例如冷启动时排出的废气）的碳氢化合物净化中尤其优异。