Abstract:
POLYMERIZATION OF EPOXIDES AND MIXTURES OF EPOXIDES WITH LACTONES AND VINYL COMPOUNDS, POLYMERIZABLE THROUGH THE ACTION OF CATIONIC CATALYST, IS CONTROLLED BY PROVIDING, IN ASSOCIATION WITH A RADIATION-SENSITIVE CATALYST PRECURSOR, A GELATION INHIBITOR IN THE FORM OF A SULFOXIDE COMPOUND SUCH AS METHYL SULFOXIDE OR N-PROPYL SULFOXIDE.
Abstract:
Non-ionizing high intensity predominantly continuum light radiation having a source intensity of at least about 350 watts per square centimeter steradian when integrated throughout the entire spectral range of said continuum light radiation is used as the energy source in photochemical reactions. A convenient source of this non-ionizing high intensity predominantly continuum light radiation is a swirl-flow plasma arc radiation apparatus. Among the photochemical reactions that can be carried out, at unexpectedly faster rates and at higher conversions, are photoreduction reactions, photocycloaddition reactions, oxetane formation reactions, halogen additions, halogen substitutions, photonitrosation reactions, photosulfoxidation reactions, bisulfite addition reactions, and many other photochemical addition and substitution reactions.
Abstract:
Polymerization of epoxides and mixtures of epoxides with lactones and vinyl compounds, polymerizable through the action of cationic catalysts, is controlled by providing, in association with a radiation-sensitive catalyst precursor, a gelation inhibitor in the form of a substituted poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) wherein the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group contains an alkyl or aryl substituent.
Abstract:
Polymerization of epoxides and mixtures of epoxides with lactones and vinyl compounds, polymerizable through the action of cationic catalysts, is controlled by providing, in association with a radiation-sensitive catalyst precursor, a gelation inhibitor in the form of a cyclic amide, such as an N-substituted 2-pyridone, or a 2-pyrrolidinone monomer or polymer substituted in the 1-position.
Abstract:
Polymerization of epoxides and mixtures of epoxides with lactones and vinyl compounds, polymerizable through the action of cationic catalysts, is controlled in compositions essentially free of volatile solvents by providing in such compositions, in association with a radiation-sensitive catalyst precursor, a gelation inhibitor in the form of a nitrile compound such as acetonitrile present in small amounts up to several percent by weight.
Abstract:
DINORBORNENE COMPOUNDS, MANY OF THEM NOVEL, HAVE BEEN FOUND TO FORM POLYMERS HAVING A LADDER STRUCTURE. THE DINORBORNENE COMPOUNDS AND DINORBORNENE POLYMERS WITH OTHER POLYMERS SUCH AS THE POLYOLEFINS, VINYL POLYMERS, ACRYLIC POLYMERS, POLYESTERS PPOLYAMIDES POLYEHERS, POLYUREAS, POLYURETHANES, NATURAL POLYMERS, ETC., ARE READILY CROSS-LINKED BY IRRADIATION.
Abstract:
PROTECTION FROM PHOTODEGRADATION BY SOLAR RADIATION IS IMPARTED TO PLASTICS NORMALLY SUBJECTED SUCH PHOTDEGRADATION BY EXPOXING THE PLASTICS TO AN ATMOSPHERE OF ANTI-UV AGENT IN VAPOR STATE PRIOR TO EXPOSURE TO SOLAR RADIATION.
Abstract:
Process for the oxidation of gaseous hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons in the gaseous or vapour state, in heterogeneous phase, which comprises producing, at a temperature below 100*C, a circulation or continuous flow of a gaseous mixture or of gas and vapours containing the hydrocarbon to be oxidised and oxygen into contact with a catalyst subjected to ultra-violet radiation, this catalyst being constituted by a metal oxide containing or retaining by adsorption molecules of oxygen which are mobile under irradiation, such as titanium dioxide, the ultra-violet radiation being at least partly within the domain of wavelengths lower than the wave length of the radiation whose energy is that of the prohibited bandwidth of the oxide.
Abstract:
Liquid bromine-terminated polymers are directly prepared as by polymerizing one or more acrylates, acrylates in combination with isoprene, or butadiene with acrylonitrile using a combination of ultra-violet light and a dibromo-dichloro alkane containing at least two carbon atoms only as the polymerization initiator. These polymers are vulcanized with polyfunctional amines as curing agents to form solid elastomers, and are useful as base polymers for caulks, sealants, potting compounds, and like formulations.
Abstract:
A process for producing normal paraffin oximes and, in particular, normal paraffin oximes having from 14 to 50 carbon atoms wherein a C14 to C50 normal paraffin is photochemically reacted in the presence of a halogenated organic solvent with a nitrosating agent under the influence of light in the wavelength of 200 to 760 millimicrons and contacting the reaction product with a polybasic acid such as sulphuric or phosphoric acid. The oximes are subsequently recovered by neutralizing the acid treated product and separating the oxime.