Abstract:
The use of a solid state waveform generator together with a suitable non-inverting amplifier provides a very versatile system for depositing particles on a substrate by an upward deposition, or nullUPnull, technique.
Abstract:
An improved reactor to facilitate new precursor chemistries and transport polymerization processes that are useful for preparations of low null (dielectric constant) films. An improved TP Reactor that consists of UV source and a fractionation device for chemicals is provided to generate useful reactive intermediates from precursors. The reactor is useful for the deposition system.
Abstract:
A method is taught for curtain coating a liquid composition onto a moving web at a coating point where the moving web is supported on a backing roller. The web is partially wrapped around the backing roller, the backing roller including a relief patterned area on the surface thereof, the relief patterned area including relieved features and non-relieved features, the relieved features and the non-relieved features creating an electrostatic force difference exerted on the liquid composition at the coating point when an electrostatic field is applied thereto. A web speed is specified and the electrostatic force difference exerted on the liquid composition at the coating point is varied to determine a maximum electrostatic force difference for the specified web speed that achieves the predetermined acceptable level of coating thickness non-uniformity. The web is moved at the specified web speed and an operating electrostatic force difference is generated at the coating point that is not greater than the maximum electrostatic force difference for the specified web speed.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of preparing self-assembled monolayers on a metal comprising electrolyzing a thiosulfate compound in a solvent, where the electricity for the electrolysis is applied at a voltage for a period of time.
Abstract:
A method for applying a fluid coating onto a substrate includes forming a fluid wetting line by introducing a stream of fluid onto a first side of the substrate along a laterally disposed fluid-substrate contact area. An electrical force is created on the fluid from an electrical field (originating from electrical charges which are on the second side of the substrate) that is substantially at and downstream of the fluid wetting line. The electrical field can be generated by charges that have been transferred to the second side of the substrate from a remote charge generator.
Abstract:
This application relates to a method of depositing a patterned layer of material, such as organic material, over a substrate or organizing materials over a substrate. The method involves using a stamp having at least one conductive pathway and an insulating layer to transfer material from a solution to a substrate in a specified pattern. The stamp may be used multiple times to transfer a similar pattern of organic material to multiple substrates or to different portions of the same substrate. The transferred material may then be preferably used as a photolithographic mask for nano-patterning the substrate. This application also relates to a stamp that may be used in depositing a patterned layer of material onto a substrate, a method of forming such a stamp, and a method of depositing a layer of oriented molecules over a substrate.
Abstract:
An object of the invention is to provide a method to obtain and keep a uniform charge distribution on a web to be coated at the time of coating to establish stable high-speed coating. It was identified after some research that non-uniform charging is caused by not only non-uniformity at electrifying the web but also leakage of charge to transporting rollers from lateral edge area of the web while the web is transported contacting the rollers. An electrostatic charge on the electrified web leaks from one side surface when the one side contacts the roller and the amount of the leakage depends on a surface resistivity of the surface portion of web. If the leakage happens from a back surface (surface usually not to be coated), which causes leakage from a front surface area (surface to be coated) corresponding to the back surface area where the leakage happened. Thus it is understood that web of which back surface has higher resistivity in the edge area than that in the central area is useful for stable coating using electrified web. One of ways to provide higher surface resistivity to either both edge areas or one edge area is to apply a subbing layer to the web to leave the edge area unapplied.
Abstract:
A method for forming double-layer coatings excellent in smoothness and resistant to yellowing is provided which comprises electrodepositing a cationic electrodeposition coating composition to form an uncured cationically electrodeposited coating, applying an intermediate coating composition to said uncured coating to form an uncured intermediate coating, and heating both uncured coatings simultaneously, said cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a sulfonium group- and propargyl group-containing resin composition.
Abstract:
The invention provides a lithographic method referred to as nulldip pennull nanolithography (DPN). DPN utilizes a scanning probe microscope (SPM) tip (e.g., an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip) as a nullpen,null a solid-state substrate (e.g., gold) as nullpaper,null and molecules with a chemical affinity for the solid-state substrate as nullink.null Capillary transport of molecules from the SPM tip to the solid substrate is used in DPN to directly write patterns consisting of a relatively small collection of molecules in submicrometer dimensions, making DPN useful in the fabrication of a variety of microscale and nanoscale devices. The invention also provides substrates patterned by DPN, including submicrometer combinatorial arrays, and kits, devices and software for performing DPN. The invention further provides a method of performing AFM imaging in air. The method comprises coating an AFM tip with a hydrophobic compound, the hydrophobic compound being selected so that AFM imaging performed using the coated AFM tip is improved compared to AFM imaging performed using an uncoated AFM tip. Finally, the invention provides AFM tips coated with the hydrophobic compounds.
Abstract:
A system for applying a fluid coating onto a substrate includes forming a fluid wetting line by introducing a stream of fluid onto a first side of the substrate along a laterally disposed fluid-substrate contact area. An electrical force is created on the fluid from an electrical field (originating from electrical charges which are on the second side of the substrate) that is substantially at and downstream of the fluid wetting line. The electrical field can be generated by charges that have been transferred to the second side of the substrate from a remote charge generator.