公开(公告)号：US4640681A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-03

申请号：US771156

申请日：1985-08-30

Applicant: Eberhard Steinbiss ,  Horst Herchenbach ,  Albrecht Wolter

Inventor： Eberhard Steinbiss ,  Horst Herchenbach ,  Albrecht Wolter

IPC: C04B7/44 ,  C10L10/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23N5/00 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F23D1/00

CPC classification number: C04B7/4446 ,  C10L10/06 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23N5/006 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2206/201 ,  Y02E20/363 ,  Y02P40/126

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the removal of hazardous and waste materials of low heat content, for example, refuse, by means of combustion wherein the combustion process is carried out in a furnace by the presence of added hot combustion air at a temperature sufficient so that the combustion and/or flue gas temperatures are at least 1250.degree. C. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the combustion process is combined with a process for the production of cement clinker and carried out parallel to the same, wherein air at about 800.degree. C. is branched off for combustion of the hazardous substances from the cooler air of the cement clinker installation and introduced into the furnace. The hot flue gas of the combustion in the furnace is directed into the cement clinker installation. The invention further contemplates that calcium-containing carbonate carriers can be added to the refuse.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过燃烧除去低热含量的危险废物和废物的方法和装置，例如垃圾，其中燃烧过程在炉中通过存在添加的热燃烧空气在足够的温度下进行，使得 燃烧和/或烟道气温度至少为1250℃。在本发明的优选实施方案中，将燃烧过程与用于生产水泥熟料的方法组合并且与其平行进行，其中空气在约800℃ 分解用于燃烧来自水泥熟料装置的较冷空气的有害物质并引入炉中。 将炉内燃烧的热烟气引入水泥熟料装置。 本发明进一步考虑到可将含钙碳酸盐载体添加到垃圾中。

公开(公告)号：US4123502A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

申请号：US605074

申请日：1975-08-15

Applicant: Heinz Holter ,  Heinz Gresch ,  Heinrich Igelbuscher

Inventor： Heinz Holter ,  Heinz Gresch ,  Heinrich Igelbuscher

IPC: B01D53/52 ,  B01D53/72 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/18 ,  C10K1/20 ,  B01D53/34 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10K1/20 ,  B01D53/52 ,  B01D53/72 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/18 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/303

Abstract: A process for the purification of gas, which is generated in pressure gasification of coal, which uses a wash oil, especially tar oil, as the washing liquid to avoid clogging of the washing apparatus by tars and tar compounds which precipitate out of the washing liquid when water or aqueous solutions are employed as the washing liquid. The wash oil is preferably used in the circulation, from which solids and tars are continuously removed, and is then fed into the pressure reactor again. The wash oil circulation is continually regenerated through distillation, and the residues are fed into the pressure reactor. Heat is constantly extracted from the gas before or during the washing in a heat exchange process, making it possible to keep the heat loss extremely low and to create optimum temperature at every point of the total cycle by appropriate extraction or addition of heat. The heat extracted may be used for generation of steam, which is fed into the pressure reactor, into the distillation process for the regeneration and purification of the wash oil, and/or into the discharging flow of purified gas. The gas is also desirably brought into contact with separating materials, such as alkali, earth alkali, dolomite, etc., for the purpose of separating hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract translation: 一种在煤的压力气化中产生的气体的净化方法，其使用洗涤油，特别是焦油油作为洗涤液，以避免由于清洗液中沉淀的焦油和焦油化合物而使洗涤装置堵塞 当使用水或水溶液作为洗涤液时。 洗涤油优选用于循环中，固体和焦油从其中连续除去，然后再次进料到压力反应器中。 洗涤油循环通过蒸馏连续再生，残余物进料到压力反应器中。 在热交换过程中在洗涤之前或期间，从气体中不断地提取热量，从而可以通过适当的提取或加热来保持热损失极低，并且在总循环的每个点产生最佳温度。 提取的热量可以用于产生蒸汽，其被供给到压力反应器中，用于蒸馏过程，用于洗涤油的再生和净化，和/或净化气体的排放流。 为了分离硫化氢，气体也希望与分离材料如碱金属，碱土金属，白云石等接触。

公开(公告)号：US4092098A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-30

申请号：US737745

申请日：1976-11-01

Applicant: Donald E. Honaker ,  Louis J. Jacobs, Jr.

Inventor： Donald E. Honaker ,  Louis J. Jacobs, Jr.

IPC: C10B53/00 ,  C10B1/10 ,  C10B49/04 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F27B7/36 ,  F27D7/00

CPC classification number: C10B1/10 ,  C10B49/04 ,  F23G2201/303

Abstract: Temperature control is often a problem in direct-fired rotary kilns for the pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials wherein at least part of the thermal energy for pyrolysis is obtained by in situ combustion of the pyrolysis gases. The present process and apparatus provides a means by which temperature control, and particularly reduction in intensity of the fireball at the burner end of the kiln and/or moving the fireball away from the burner hood. This is accomplished by (1) controlling the velocity of any burner gases and the velocity of the in situ air (or other oxygen-containing gas) and (2) the distribution of the in situ air at the burner end of the kiln, such that a Craya-Curtet number of at least 0.2, and preferably at least 0.4, is obtained. In a preferred embodiment, the in situ air is admitted into the burner hood from a plenum chamber disclosed circumferentially around at least a portion of the kiln, the air entering the burner hood through the annulus defined between the outer shell of the kiln and the burner hood.

Abstract translation: 温度控制通常是用于热解碳质材料的直接燃烧回转窑的问题，其中用于热分解的热能的至少一部分通过原位燃烧热解气体而获得。 本发明的方法和装置提供了一种方法，其通过温度控制，特别是在窑炉的燃烧器端处的火球的强度降低和/或使火球远离燃烧器罩。 这通过（1）控制任何燃烧器气体的速度和原位空气（或其它含氧气体）的速度和（2）在窑炉的燃烧器端处的原位空气的分布来实现，例如 得到至少0.2，优选至少0.4的Craya-Curtet数。 在优选实施例中，原位空气从位于窑的至少一部分周向周围公开的增压室进入燃烧器罩，空气通过限定在窑外壳和燃烧器之间的环进入燃烧器罩 罩。

公开(公告)号：US3853498A

公开(公告)日：1974-12-10

申请号：US26723372

申请日：1972-06-28

Applicant: BAILIE R

Inventor： BAILIE R

IPC: C01B31/08 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/58 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/30 ,  C10J3/12

CPC classification number: C10J3/84 ,  C01B32/324 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10G2300/1003 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/58 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2203/503 ,  Y02E50/14

Abstract: Municipal waste is converted into high energy fuel gas by pyrolyzing same in a pyrolysis reaction zone, the heat energy required for such endothermic pyrolysis reaction being transferred from an exothermic reaction zone. Both reaction zones comprise a bed of fluidized inert solids, and the heat of pyrolysis is transferred by circulating therebetween the fluidized inert solids.

Abstract translation: 城市废物通过在热解反应区中热解而转化成高能燃料气体，这种吸热热解反应所需的热能从放热反应区转移。 两个反应区都包含流化惰性固体床，通过在流化惰性固体之间循环来转移热解热。

公开(公告)号：US11851617B2

公开(公告)日：2023-12-26

申请号：US17058760

申请日：2019-05-30

Applicant: ROYAL MELBOURNE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Kalpit Shah

IPC: C10B49/22 ,  C10B47/24 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B49/10 ,  F23B90/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/24

CPC classification number: C10B49/22 ,  C10B47/24 ,  C10B49/10 ,  C10B53/02 ,  F23B90/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/245 ,  F23G2201/303

Abstract: The invention provides a pyrolysis reaction system, the system comprising: a pyrolysis chamber comprising a feed inlet, a gas inlet and a product outlet, wherein the pyrolysis chamber is configured i) to receive a pyrolysable organic feed and an inert gas via the feed inlet and gas inlet respectively, ii) to pyrolyse the organic feed at a pyrolysis temperature to produce a carbonaceous pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas will combine with the inert gas to form a gas mixture having a pyrolysis chamber pressure in the pyrolysis chamber, and iii) to discharge the carbonaceous pyrolysis product via the product outlet; a gas reactor configured to react the pyrolysis gas by combustion and/or carbon deposition at a gas reaction temperature and a gas reactor pressure; and a first partition defining a boundary between the pyrolysis chamber and the gas reactor, the first partition comprising a plurality of first apertures to provide fluid communication between the pyrolysis chamber and the gas reactor, wherein the pyrolysis reaction system is operable with the gas reactor pressure less than the pyrolysis chamber pressure such that the gas mixture flows from the pyrolysis chamber to the gas reactor through the first apertures, thereby providing at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas for reaction in the gas reactor.

公开(公告)号：US20230295516A1

公开(公告)日：2023-09-21

申请号：US18018077

申请日：2021-08-09

Applicant: Next Generation Elements GmbH

Inventor： Andreas HACKL

IPC: C10B57/10 ,  C01C1/242 ,  C01C1/22 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C02F11/10 ,  C02F11/13 ,  F23G5/04 ,  F23G7/00

CPC classification number: C10B57/10 ,  C01C1/22 ,  C01C1/242 ,  C02F11/10 ,  C02F11/13 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/463 ,  F23G5/04 ,  F23G7/001 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0923 ,  F23G2201/10 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2207/30 ,  F23G2207/60 ,  F23G2209/12 ,  F23G2209/262 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23G2900/50001

Abstract: In a method for physical and thermochemical treatment of biomass, the biomass moisture content is reduced in a dryer and ammonia (NH3) is also released from the biomass during drying. The dried biomass is then either pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor and the pyrolysis gas is forwarded to and combusted in a combustion device to form flue gas, or is combusted in a combustion facility unit to form flue gas. In either case the flue gas is fed to a mixer. Oxygen (O2) is metered to the flue gas in the mixer and is fed directly to the dryer as drying gas. As the drying gas passes through the dryer, the sulfur dioxide (SO2) contained in the drying gas and/or the sulfur trioxide (SO3) chemically reacts with the ammonia (NH3) to form ammonium sulfite ((NH4)2SO3) and/or ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4). Also a treatment facility physically and thermochemically treats the biomass.

公开(公告)号：US11661560B2

公开(公告)日：2023-05-30

申请号：US17124759

申请日：2020-12-17

Applicant: PREMIER GREEN ENERGY HOLDINGS LIMITED

Inventor： Seán O'Grady

IPC: C10K3/00 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23L1/00 ,  F23J15/06 ,  F23J15/04 ,  C10J3/64

CPC classification number: C10K3/008 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/64 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F23J15/04 ,  F23J15/06 ,  F23L1/00 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2203/208 ,  F23G2205/12 ,  F23J2700/003

Abstract: A pyrolysis waste-to-energy conversion system has a muffle furnace housing a rotating retort drum within the furnace and having an inlet sleeve and an outlet sleeve extending through inlet and outlet ends of the muffle furnace. A rotating retort drum drive applies rotary drive to the inlet rotating retort drum sleeves and an in-feed auger is within a tube within the inlet sleeve. An out-feed auger is within a tube within the outlet sleeve and arranged to deliver char and pyrolysis syngas to a char processing system and a syngas processing system. The inlet sleeve and said outlet sleeve are arranged to provide a gas seal to prevent air ingress or syngas egress to and from the rotating retort drum. A gas cleaning system has a cracking tower arranged to retain inlet gas at an elevated temperature for a residence time, and a gas quench and scrubber system.

公开(公告)号：US10071908B2

公开(公告)日：2018-09-11

申请号：US15154243

申请日：2016-05-13

Applicant: Yeon Chang ,  Sang Won Kim

Inventor： Yeon Chang

IPC: F23D14/12 ,  B01J7/00 ,  C01B3/02 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G7/12 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C10J3/20

CPC classification number: C01B3/02 ,  B01J6/008 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0222 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0966 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1621 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2900/03005 ,  F23C2900/99011 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G7/12 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2202/106 ,  F23G2204/103 ,  F23G2207/30 ,  F23G2209/18 ,  F23G2209/20 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a burner for a reduction reactor, the reduction reactor has a reaction space formed therein, wherein each burner has a fuel feeding hole and multiple oxygen feeding holes formed therein, wherein each burner has an elongate combustion space formed at one end of a head portion thereof, the combustion space fluid-communicating with the reaction space of the reactor, wherein the elongate combustion space has a length such that oxygen supplied from the oxygen feeding holes thereto is completely consumed via oxidation or combustion with fuels supplied from the fuel feeding hole thereto only in the elongate combustion space upon igniting the burner.

公开(公告)号：US20180245791A1

公开(公告)日：2018-08-30

申请号：US15588632

申请日：2017-05-06

Applicant: SUNG JOO LEE

Inventor： SUNG JOO LEE

IPC: F23G7/06 ,  F23G5/027

CPC classification number: F23G7/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23G2204/203 ,  F23G2207/10 ,  F23G2209/20

Abstract: The present invention provides a hospital waste plasma incinerator that has a following features. It is composed of a main body having an inlet and a cap for opening and closing the inlet, a pyrolysis incinerator for receiving the hospital waste that is disposed in the interior of the main body and connected with the inlet, a plasma flame generator installed inside the main body and generating a plasma flame toward the pyrolysis incinerator, a complete combustion device which is installed in the main body and completely burns the smoke and the odor generated due to the incineration with a plasma flame of 1,500 to 3,000° C., a complete combustion exhaust device connected to the complete combustion device to exhaust the combustion gas, and the cooling device for cooling the combustion gas.

公开(公告)号：US10054044B2

公开(公告)日：2018-08-21

申请号：US15410111

申请日：2017-01-19

Applicant: Plasma Tech Holdings, LLC

Inventor： James Charles Juranitch

IPC: F02C3/20 ,  B01D53/10 ,  C10J3/18 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F02C6/18 ,  F02C9/20 ,  C10J3/84

CPC classification number: F02C3/20 ,  B01D53/10 ,  B01D2257/2045 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  B01D2257/404 ,  B01D2257/602 ,  B01D2258/0283 ,  C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/12 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1653 ,  C10J2300/1869 ,  C10J2300/1876 ,  F02C6/18 ,  F02C9/20 ,  F05D2220/32 ,  F05D2220/72 ,  F22B1/18 ,  F22B37/008 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2202/106 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23G2206/202 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23J15/006 ,  F23J15/025 ,  F23J2215/10 ,  F23J2215/20 ,  F23J2217/104 ,  F23J2219/60 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/13 ,  Y02P20/133

Abstract: A method and system for cost effectively converting a feedstock using thermal plasma, or other styles of gassifiers, into a feedwater energy transfer system. The feedstock can be any organic material, or fossil fuel. The energy transferred in the feedwater is converted into steam which is then injected into the low turbine of a combined cycle power plant. Heat is extracted from gas product issued by a gassifier and delivered to a power plant via its feedwater system. The gassifier is a plasma gassifier and the gas product is syngas. In a further embodiment, prior to performing the step of extracting heat energy, there is provided the further step of combusting the syngas in an afterburner. An air flow, and/or EGR flow is provided to the afterburner at a rate that is varied in response to an operating characteristic of the afterburner. The air flow to the afterburner is heated.