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    Foam control
    71.
    发明授权
    Foam control 失效
    泡沫控制

    公开(公告)号：US4690688A

    公开(公告)日：1987-09-01

    申请号：US831954

    申请日：1986-02-24

    Applicant: Graham Adams ,  Martin A. Jones

    Inventor： Graham Adams ,  Martin A. Jones

    IPC: B01D19/04 ,  C10L1/28 ,  F02B3/06

    CPC classification number: C10L1/285 ,  B01D19/0409 ,  F02B3/06

    Abstract: The specification discloses a method of controlling foaming of liquid hydrocarbon fuels (e.g. diesel fuel and jet fuel) by inclusion therein of certain siloxane polyoxyalkylene copolymer as antifoam agents. The copolymers have an average molecular formula such that oxyalkylene groups of the copolymer provide from about 25% to about 65% by weight of the copolymer. Preferred copolymers are according to the general formulaMe.sub.3 SiO(Me.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (MeR'SiO).sub.y SiMe.sub.3in which each Me represents a methyl group, each R' represents a group according to the general formulaQ(OA).sub.n OZin which Q represents a divalent group attached to the silicon atom, each A represents an ethylene group, n has a value from 10 to 15, Z represents a hydrogen atom or a group OCR" in which R" represents a monovalent group and the ratio x:y lies in the range 1:1 to 11:1, more preferably in the range 3:1 to 7:1.

    Abstract translation: 本说明书公开了一种通过在其中包含某些硅氧烷聚氧化烯共聚物作为消泡剂来控制液体烃燃料（例如柴油和喷气燃料）的起泡的方法。 共聚物具有平均分子式，使得共聚物的氧化烯基提供约25重量％至约65重量％的共聚物。 优选的共聚物根据通式Me 3 SiO（Me 2 SiO）x（MeR'SiO）y SiMe 3，其中每个Me表示甲基，每个R'表示根据通式Q（OA）nOZ的基团，其中Q表示二价 基团连接到硅原子上，每个A表示亚乙基，n表示10〜15的数，Z表示氢原子或OCR“，其中R”表示一价基团，x：y表示 在1：1至11：1的范围内，更优选在3：1至7：1的范围内。

    Fuels for internal combustion engines
    74.
    发明授权
    Fuels for internal combustion engines 失效
    内燃机燃料

    公开(公告)号：US4332594A

    公开(公告)日：1982-06-01

    申请号：US253493

    申请日：1981-04-13

    Applicant: David M. Zimmerman

    Inventor： David M. Zimmerman

    IPC: C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/28

    CPC classification number: C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/285

    Abstract: An oxygenated hydrocarbon based fuel for use in internal combustion engines is composed by volume of alcohol (40-80%), ketone (0-30%) ether (15-40%), a dimethyl siloxane (0.01-1.0%) a surfactant (0.25-1.0%) and a fuel-soluble corrosion inhibitor (0.02-0.1%). The resulting fuel has excellent storage life and performance characteristics superior to gasoline.

    Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的含氧烃基燃料由醇（40-80％），酮（0-30％）醚（15-40％），二甲基硅氧烷（0.01-1.0％）表面活性剂 （0.25-1.0％）和燃料可溶性缓蚀剂（0.02-0.1％）。 所得燃料具有优异的储存寿命和优于汽油的性能特征。

    Process for transmitting a hydrocarbon fluid through a pipeline
    75.
    发明授权
    Process for transmitting a hydrocarbon fluid through a pipeline 失效
    用于通过管道传输烃流体的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4190069A

    公开(公告)日：1980-02-26

    申请号：US584417

    申请日：1975-06-06

    Applicant: Karl W. Krantz

    Inventor： Karl W. Krantz

    IPC: C10L1/28 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L10/18 ,  F17D1/16 ,  F17D1/17 ,  B01F3/20

    CPC classification number: C10L10/08 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C10L1/143 ,  F17D1/16 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/285 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: Many liquids have properties improved, and fluid flow friction losses are reduced in flowing fluids by adding thereto a small, effective amount of composition comprising (i) a continuous phase of a liquid which is normally miscible with said fluid, and, dispersed therein, (ii) a stable discontinuous phase predominantly comprising fine particles of a high molecular weight polymer which is ultimately miscible with said fluid. In preferred features the compositions include a surface active agent. In other preferred features, friction is reduced in flowing hydrocarbons.

    Abstract translation: 许多液体具有改进的性能，流体流体中通过加入少量有效量的组合物来降低流体流动摩擦损失，该组合物包括（i）与所述流体通常可混溶并且分散在其中的液体的连续相（ ii）稳定的不连续相，主要包含最终与所述流体混溶的高分子量聚合物的细颗粒。 在优选的特征中，组合物包括表面活性剂。 在其它优选特征中，在流动的烃中减少摩擦。

    Use of demulsifying mixtures for breaking petroleum emulsions
    76.
    发明授权
    Use of demulsifying mixtures for breaking petroleum emulsions 失效
    使用破乳混合物破碎石油乳液

    公开(公告)号：US4183820A

    公开(公告)日：1980-01-15

    申请号：US932816

    申请日：1978-08-10

    Applicant: Heinz Theile ,  Hermann Hoffmann ,  Gerd Rossmy ,  Gotz Koerner ,  Peter Zaske

    Inventor： Heinz Theile ,  Hermann Hoffmann ,  Gerd Rossmy ,  Gotz Koerner ,  Peter Zaske

    IPC: B01D17/05 ,  C10G33/04 ,  C10L1/28 ,  B01D17/04

    CPC classification number: C10L1/285 ,  C10G33/04

    Abstract: This invention relates to an emulsion-breaking composition comprising about 70 to 99.8% by weight of at least one silicon-free demulsifier, and about 0.2 to 30% by weight of a mixed polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxane block polymerizate, the polyoxyalkylene blocks of which have a molecular weight of about 500 to 4000 and are composed of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene blocks in a weight ratio of 40 to 60 to 100:0, and the polysiloxane blocks of which contain 3 to 50 silicon atoms per block. The invention also includes a process for breaking emulsions using the novel emulsion-breaking composition.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种破乳组合物，其包含约70至99.8重量％的至少一种无硅破乳剂和约0.2至30重量％的混合聚氧化烯 - 聚硅氧烷嵌段聚合物，其聚氧化烯嵌段具有 分子量为约500〜4000，由聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯嵌段组成，重量比为40〜60〜100：0，聚硅氧烷嵌段每块含有3〜50个硅原子。 本发明还包括使用新的破乳组合物来破乳的方法。

    Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions
    77.
    发明授权
    Fuel compositions useful for gas turbines and process for the combustion of such fuel compositions 失效
    用于燃气轮机的燃料组合物和用于燃烧燃料组合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US3994699A

    公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

    申请号：US479099

    申请日：1974-06-13

    Applicant: James F. Scott

    Inventor： James F. Scott

    IPC: C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L10/04

    CPC classification number: C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/106 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/202 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/28

    Abstract: Gas turbine fuels, either ash-containing fuels having a high alkali metal content, such as greater than 5 ppm by weight sodium and/or potassium, or substantially ash-free fuels which are burned or combusted under conditions that alkali metal appears in the combustion products, are advantageously combusted in the presence of additive components consisting essentially of compounds of silicon and magnesium which form SiO.sub.2 and MgO at fuel combustion temperatures, the proportions of said compounds being such as to provide a combined SiO.sub.2 and MgO equivalent wherein the SiO.sub.2 :MgO ratio is greater than 2:1, the quantity of said additive components present during the combustion of said fuel being such as to provide a magnesium to vanadium weight ratio of at least 2:1 and a weight ratio of silicon to alkali metal of at least 2:1, preferably greater than 6:1.

    Abstract translation: 燃气轮机燃料，具有高碱金属含量的含灰分燃料，例如大于5ppm重量的钠和/或钾，或基本上无灰分的燃料，其在碱金属出现在燃烧中的条件下燃烧或燃烧 产物有利地在存在添加剂组分的情况下燃烧，所述添加剂组分主要由在燃料燃烧温度下形成SiO 2和MgO的硅和镁的化合物组成，所述化合物的比例为提供组合的SiO 2和MgO当量，其中SiO 2：MgO 比例大于2:1，所述燃料燃烧期间存在的所述添加剂组分的量要提供至少为2:1的镁与钒的重量比，并且硅与碱金属的重量比至少为 2：1，优选大于6：1。

    Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment
    79.
    发明授权
    Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and ash deposition in fossil fuel burning equipment 失效
    用于在燃料燃烧设备中抑制腐蚀和灰化沉积的组合物

    公开(公告)号：US3817722A

    公开(公告)日：1974-06-18

    申请号：US28131172

    申请日：1972-08-17

    Applicant: PEROLIN CO INC

    Inventor： SCOTT J

    IPC: C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C23F14/02

    CPC classification number: C10L1/106 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/202 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/28

    Abstract: MARKED INHIBITON OF CORROSION AND ASH DEPOSITION IN FOSSIL FUEL BURNING EQUIPMENT IS ACHIEVED BY UTILIZING IN THE OPERATION OF SUCH EQUIPMENT ADDITIVE COMPONENTS COMPRISING SOURCES OF SILICON AND MAGNESIUM, THE PROPORTIONS BEING SUCH AS TO PROVIDE A COMBINED SIO2 AND MGO EQUIVALENT WHEREIN THE SIO2:MGO RATIO IS GREATER THAN 2:1. THE ADDITIVE COMPONENTS CAN BE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, INORGANIC COMPOUNDS OR MIXTURES THEREOF, AND SUCH COMPOUNDS OR MIXTURES THEREOF CAN BE EITHER SOLUBLE OR DISPERSIBLE IN WATER OR OIL. THEY CAN BE INDIVIDUALLY OR COLLECTIVELY BLENDED WITH BULK FOSSIL FUEL PRIOR TO BURNING, INTRODUCED TO THE COMBUSTION ZONE SEPARATELY FROM THE FUEL, OR IN THE CASE OF FURNACES AND BOILERS, INTRODUCED DIRECTLY TO THE ASH DEPOSITION ZONE. IN THE COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS IN FURNACES, BOILERS AND DIESELS, THE ADDITIVE COMPONENTS SHOULD BE PRESENT IN AMOUNTS TO PROVIDE AT LEAST 0.05 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF COMBINED SIO2 AND MGO EQUIVALENT TO EACH PART BY WEIGHT OF ASH IN SAID FUEL. IN THE COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS IN GAS TURBINES, WHEREIN EITHER OR BOTH VANADIUM AND ALKALI METAL WILL BE PRESENT IN THE COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, THE ADDITIVE COMPONENTS SHOULD BE PRESENT IN AAMOUNTS TO PROVIDE AT LEAST 2 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM TO EACH PART BY WEIGHT OF VANADIUM IN SAID FUEL, WITH THE SIO2: MGO RATIO OF SAID COMPONENTS BEING SUCH AS TO PROVIDE AT LEAST 2 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF SILICON TO EACH PART BY WEIGHT OF ALKALI METAL IN SAID FUEL AND IN THE AIR COMBINING THEREWITH ON COMBUSTION.

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