Abstract:
A photo mask set for forming multi-layered interconnection lines and a semiconductor device fabricated using the same includes a first photo mask for forming lower interconnection lines and a second photo mask for forming upper interconnection lines. The first and second photo masks have lower opaque patterns parallel with each other and upper opaque patterns that overlap the lower opaque patterns. In this case, ends of the lower opaque patterns are located on a straight line that crosses the lower opaque patterns. As a result, when upper interconnection lines are formed using the second photo mask, poor photo resist patterns can be prevented from being formed despite the focusing of reflected light.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving data in a closed-loop multi-antenna system. A receiver receives a plurality of data streams from a plurality of transmit antennas of a transmitter, generates Channel Quality Information (CQIs) of channels that carry data streams transmitted from at least two transmit antenna allocated to the receiver among the plurality of transmit antennas, and transmits the CQIs to the transmitter. For the CQI generation, the receiver generates a channel matrix through channel estimation of the received data streams, generates a reception beamforming matrix from the channel matrix including only components of the data streams transmitted from the allocated transmit antennas, and calculates the CQIs using the channel matrix, the reception beamforming matrix, and a total signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) obtained through the channel estimation.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a display device using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and to a manufacturing method thereof. A display device using a MEMS includes a first substrate comprising a first index of refraction; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a reflective layer formed on the first substrate and having a first aperture; a transparent layer covering the first aperture and comprising a second refractive index; and a shutter arranged on the second substrate, wherein a difference between the first refractive index and the second refractive index is equal to or less than 0.1.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for automatically loading drums into a drum container, in which, when the drums filled with radioactive waste are loaded into the drum container, the drums are fed to a designated position, and placed at a fixed position, reducing loading time and manpower as well as minimizing radiation exposure risk associated with radioactive waste treatment. The apparatus includes a drum feeder having conveyor modules transferring the drums and a turntable rotating a drum transferred to an orientation where the drum can be gripped, for sequentially loading the drums, a support frame on which a lid of the drum container is placed when the drums are being loaded, and a crane that grips and transfers the drum or the drum container lid.
Abstract:
A method for transmitting/receiving feedback information in a multi-antenna system using a closed-loop scheme supporting multiple users, and a feedback system supporting the same. Multiple feedback protocol scenarios are predefined on the basis of communication environments affecting feedback information configurations. The feedback information is transmitted in a feedback protocol scenario determined by a communication environment. The feedback information is constructed with information required by the communication environment.
Abstract:
Disclosed a transmission apparatus in a CDMA mobile communication system. Transmission frames each have a plurality of time slots, and each of the time slots includes two data parts having the same length, a midamble intervening between the data parts, and a guard period for dividing the consecutive time slots. The transmission apparatus modulates the frames into a radio signal with a modulation signal and transmits the modulated radio signal using a plurality of antennas. A power amplifier amplifies the radio signal. A controller generates a switching control signal in a guard period of time slots of a frame associated with the radio signal amplified by the power amplifier. A switch switches the amplified radio signal from the power amplifier between a first and a second antenna in response to the switching control signal.
Abstract:
In accordance with some embodiments of the inventions, a display system is disclosed for manipulation of images on tiled displays. The display system can include at least one discrete display device and a control module configured to allow a user to move a graphical representation of an image to a plurality of positions on the at least one discrete display device to thereby define a requested position. The control module can be configured to determine a difference between the requested position and a plurality of predetermined positions on the at least one discrete display device. The control module can also be configured to move and/or stretch the image toward one of the predetermined positions based on the determination of the determined difference.
Abstract:
A method for transmitting and receiving data in a multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system including a base station connected to a plurality of user equipments. In the method, each of the user equipments separately calculates channel capacity information using a linear reception scheme and a nonlinear reception scheme, and feeds back the calculated channel capacity information to the base station. The base station separately calculates system capacities using at least two different antenna scheduling schemes based on the channel capacity information fed back from the user equipments, and allocates antennas to the user equipments using a selected antenna scheduling scheme having higher system capacity out of the two antenna scheduling schemes.
Abstract:
A method of transmitting/receiving feedback information representing channel quality in a MIMO-OFDM system, in which a receiver measures channel qualities of signals transmitted on a plurality of subbands through a plurality of transmitting antennas by a transmitter, selects a predetermined number of subbands having a highest transmission performance based on the measured channel qualities and preceding information, determines at least one subband group with a maximum rate from among the selected subbands and the preceding information associated with the at least one subband group, and transmits feedback information to the transmitter, the feedback information including channel quality information about the at least one subband group and the associated preceding information.
Abstract:
A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system is provided for communication between a transmission apparatus having a plurality of transmission antennas and a reception apparatus having a plurality of reception antennas. The reception apparatus performs singular value decomposition (SVD) on channel information for a channel established to the transmission apparatus, and feeds back the SVD-decomposed channel information to the transmission apparatus. The transmission apparatus receives the SVD-decomposed channel information from the reception apparatus, performs QR decomposition on the received SVD-decomposed channel information, and sets multiple transmission antennas to be allocated to the channel, thereby performing beamforming.