Abstract:
A method involves receiving a plurality of engine parameters and a sensed ambient operating condition during operation of an engine and determining a current substitution rate based on the plurality of engine parameter. The method also involves determining at least one of a pre-combustion temperature and an end gas temperature based on the plurality of engine parameters and the sensed ambient operating condition and determining a maximum substitution rate based on at least one of the pre-combustion temperature and the end gas temperature. The method further involves comparing the current substitution rate with the maximum substitution rate and controlling at least one engine parameter among the plurality of engine parameters if the current substitution rate is different from the maximum substitution rate so as to generate the current substitution rate to less than or equal to the maximum substitution rate.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for providing two energy level settings for a refrigerator hot water heater are provided. An exemplary refrigerator includes a refrigeration system that includes an evaporator. The refrigerator includes a defrost assembly for defrosting one or more of the evaporator or a freezer compartment. The refrigerator includes a water dispensing assembly that includes a heating element for heating a volume of water. The refrigerator includes a controller configured to operate the heating element at a first energy level when the defrost assembly is not operating and to operate the heating element at a second energy level when the defrost assembly is operating. An exemplary method includes detecting that the refrigerator is performing an energy critical task. The method includes enabling a reduced consumption of electrical power by a heating element included in a water dispensing assembly of the refrigerator when the refrigerator is performing the energy critical task.
Abstract:
A system including a router transceiver unit that is configured to be disposed on-board a vehicle system. The vehicle system may have at least a source vehicle and a separate linked vehicle that are mechanically linked with each other to travel together along a route and are communicatively linked with each other through a system network of the vehicle system. The router transceiver unit is configured to be communicatively coupled to a requesting operational component of the source vehicle and the system network. The router transceiver unit is also configured to receive a local data packet from the requesting operational component that is directed toward a target operational component of the linked vehicle. The router transceiver unit includes an encapsulation module that is configured to transform the local data packet into an in-tunnel data packet, wherein the local and in-tunnel data packets have different packet formats.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating thermal barrier coatings. The thermal barrier coatings are produced with a fine grain size by reverse co-precipitation of fine powders. The powders are then sprayed by a solution plasma spray that partially melts the fine powders while producing a fine grain size with dense vertical cracking. The coatings comprise at least one of 45%-65% Yb2O3 the balance Zr, Yb/Y/Hf/Ta the balance Zr and 2.3-7.8% La, 1.4-5.1% Y and the balance Zr and are characterized by a thermal conductivity that is about 25-50% lower than that of thermal barrier coatings comprising YSZ. The thermal barrier coatings also are characterized by at least one of excellent erosion resistance, fracture toughness and abrasion resistance.
Abstract:
A fuel supply system includes a first component configured to direct a fuel flow to a combustor of an engine system. The first component includes a first inner surface and a first outer surface. The fuel supply system also includes an outer coating disposed on the first outer surface of the first component. The outer coating is configured to thermally insulate a first interior of the first component to reduce non-catalytic coke formation in the first interior. Additionally, the fuel supply system includes an inner coating disposed on the first inner surface of the first component. The inner coating is configured to reduce the fuel flow from contacting a base material of the first inner surface of the first component to reduce catalytic coke formation in the first interior.
Abstract:
An electronics package is disclosed herein that includes a glass substrate having an exterior portion surrounding an interior portion thereof, wherein the interior portion has a first thickness and the exterior portion has a second thickness larger than the first thickness. An adhesive layer is formed on a lower surface of the interior portion of the glass substrate. A semiconductor device having an upper surface is coupled to the adhesive layer, the semiconductor device having at least one contact pad disposed on the upper surface thereof. A first metallization layer is coupled to an upper surface of the glass substrate and extends through a first via formed through the first thickness of the glass substrate to couple with the at least one contact pad of the semiconductor device.
Abstract:
A shelf assembly is provided with a spring-assisted shelf for an oven appliance. A spring is placed into tension as the oven door is closed and the oven shelf is slid towards the rear of the oven cavity. As the door is opened, the spring retracts so as to cause the oven shelf to slide forward at least partially out of the oven cavity. The shelf assembly is vertically adjustable and can be removed from the oven cavity for repositioning at another height therein.
Abstract:
A vehicle control system determines an upper non-zero limit on deceleration of a vehicle to prevent rollback of the vehicle down a grade being traveled up on by the vehicle. The upper non-zero limit on deceleration is determined by the controller based on a payload carried by the vehicle, a speed of the vehicle, and a grade of a route being traveled upon by the vehicle. The controller is configured to monitor the deceleration of the vehicle, and to automatically prevent the deceleration of the vehicle from exceeding the upper non-zero limit by controlling one or more of a brake or a motor of the vehicle. The controller also is configured to one or more of actuate the brake or supply current to the motor of the vehicle to prevent rollback of the vehicle while the vehicle is moving up the grade at a non-zero speed.
Abstract:
A resonator device 10 is disclosed. The resonator device may be used in a transducer or a sensor such as a pressure, force or acceleration sensor. The resonator device comprises a resonator 20 provided on a diaphragm 30. A cap 40 is provided which may be fusion bonded to the diaphragm 30 to enclose the resonator 20 and form a hermetically sealed package 10. The resonator device is excited by applying electromagnetic stimulation, such as infra-red or optical stimulation, which may be from a laser via a fibre 50. The resonator device may be interrogated by applying an electromagnetic signal into the optical cavity formed between the resonator 20 and the inside surface of the cap 40 to derive a frequency change of the resonator. As the resonator device incorporates a hermetically sealed package and is stimulated by electromagnetic radiation, it is robust and able to operate in harsh environments.