Abstract:
A scintillation cuvette for measuring ionizing radiation, the scintillation cuvette includes: a light guide structure with a light guide wall having a first refractive index; a window having a second refractive index, the first refractive index being lower than the second refractive index; and a scintillation medium situated in the scintillation cuvette, having a predefined refractive index that is higher than the first refractive index.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an adjusting device for spatially adjusting the position of an object, comprising a plurality of plate elements which are arranged one over the other and which have radial guide structures that engage into one another at mutually facing sides, wherein at least one pair of movement plates and a pair of inclination plates are arranged on a base. The movement plates have a constant thickness, and the respective upper radial guide structures and lower radial guide structures of each movement plate are offset eccentrically relative to one another. The inclination plates have a variable thickness, and the respective upper radial guide structures and lower radial guide structures of each inclination plate are arranged concentrically to one another.
Abstract:
An electronic memristive device that has a complementary analog reconfigurable memristive bidirectional resistive switch. The device has a memristive layer sequence having a BFTO/BFO/BFTO three-ply layer and two electrodes. Titanium traps are arranged in the BFTO interfaces. As a result of mobile acid vacancies, the potential barriers at the interfaces of the electrodes with respect to the memristive layer sequence are in flexible form. By applying voltage pulses, the acid vacancies can be shifted from the interface with respect to the first electrode to the interface with respect to the second electrode, with raising of the potential barrier at one electrode bringing about complementary lowering of the potential barrier of the other electrode. The method for operating the device proposes adapted writing processes that use the overlaying of writing pulse sequences to achieve stipulation of a state pair of complementary resistor states. In conjunction with reading pulses of adapted polarity, the device can implement fuzzy logic and be operated as an artificial synapse with the realization of all four learning curves for complementary learning. A plurality of options for the use of the device are proposed.
Abstract:
A grid sensor system for characterizing a fluid flow includes a sensor insert having a grid sensor element and a flow guide having an inlet line, an outlet line, and an insert holder arranged between the same to hold the sensor insert. A rectilinear flow path is formed by the flow guide. The insert holder is formed in such a way that the sensor insert can be inserted into the insert holder along an insertion direction extending transversely with respect to the flow path. When the sensor insert is held in the insert holder, none of the electrodes extends parallel to the insertion direction.
Abstract:
A grid sensor for measuring the phase distribution of a multiphase substance mixture with gaseous and liquid components in the presence of a highly conductive phase (such as salt water or liquid metal) employs 3 superposed electrode planes and an electronic measuring device. Application areas include determination of the liquid distribution and the fill level in containers, as well as the investigation of gas-liquid multiphase flows, in particular in pipelines, e.g. in petroleum production and processing.
Abstract:
The invention is related to a method for monitoring a range of a particle beam in a target. The method is using gamma detectors for detecting prompt gammas produced in the target. The time differences between the time of detecting a gamma quantum and a time of emission of a particle or a bunch of particles from the radiation device are determined. A statistical distribution of those time difference is used to deduce information related to the range of the beam. The invention is also related to an apparatus for monitoring a range based on measured time profiles of detected prompt gammas.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a complementary resistor switch (3) comprising two outer contacts, between which two piezo- or ferroelectric layers (11a and 11b) having an inner common contact are situated. At least one region (11′, 11″) of the layers is modified, either the outer contacts are rectifying (S) and the inner contact is non-rectifying (0), or vice versa, the modified regions are formed at the rectifying contacts, the layers have different strain-dependent structural phases with different band gaps and/or different polarization charges, and the electrical conductivity of the layers is different. Also disclosed are a connectable resistor structure having at least one Schottky contact at two adjoining piezo- or ferroelectric layers, a polycrystalline piezo- or ferroelectric layer comprising modified crystallites, and a method and circuits for encrypting and decrypting a bit sequence.
Abstract:
The invention is related to a method for monitoring a range of a particle beam in a target. The method is using gamma detectors for detecting prompt gammas produced in the target. The time differences between the time of detecting a gamma quantum and a time of emission of a particle or a bunch of particles from the radiation device are determined. A statistical distribution of those time difference is used to deduce information related to the range of the beam. The invention is also related to an apparatus for monitoring a range based on measured time profiles of detected prompt gammas.
Also, the use of the compound for the complexation of a metal ion, including lutetium ions or actinium ions, and the method for the complexation of a metal ion in which the compound is contacted with the metal ion at a reaction temperature in the range of from 20 to 50° C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a two-axis rotator for producing a rotation about two orthogonal spatial axes, and to a handling device comprising a two-axis rotator of this kind. The two-axis rotator for producing a rotation about two mutually orthogonal rotational axes comprises a main body, a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein the first rotor is mounted on or in the main body so as to be able to rotate about a first rotational axis, and the second rotor is mounted on or in the first rotor so as to be able to rotate about a second rotational axis, and wherein the first rotor has a first drive and the second rotor has a second drive, and the first drive and the second drive can be driven independently of one another.