公开(公告)号：US4900933A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-13

申请号：US28198

申请日：1987-03-20

Applicant: James R. Nestor ,  Jonathan D. Schiff ,  Benjamin H. Priest

Inventor： James R. Nestor ,  Jonathan D. Schiff ,  Benjamin H. Priest

IPC: G01N33/49 ,  A61B5/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/7242 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/643 ,  G01N2021/641 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/6434 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/773 ,  G01N2021/7786 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: Sensing apparatus for remote sensing of quantities such as blood oxygen concentration using a phosphorescent material located at one end of an optical fiber. The phosphorescent material emits a relatively long-lived luminescence when exposed to energy in a predetermined wavelength range. The sensing apparatus includes a light source for generating an incident pulsed energy signal within the predetermined wavelength range and a detector subsystem for selectively detecting the long-lived luminescence from the phosphorescent material. The light source and the detector subsystem are coupled to the other end of the optical fiber along a common optical path. The detector subsystem includes dual channels for detecting a measuring wavelength and a reference wavelength in the long-lived luminescence. The detector subsystem is inhibited during the incident pulsed energy signal to provide low noise operation. The detected signals are integrated and averaged to improve accuracy. A calibration source is provided for calibrating the detection subsystem.

Abstract translation: 用于使用位于光纤一端的磷光材料远程感测诸如血氧浓度的感测装置。 当在预定波长范围内暴露于能量时，磷光材料发射相对长寿命的发光。 感测装置包括用于在预定波长范围内产生入射脉冲能量信号的光源和用于选择性地检测来自磷光材料的长寿命发光的检测器子系统。 光源和检测器子系统沿着公共光路耦合到光纤的另一端。 检测器子系统包括用于检测长寿命发光中的测量波长和参考波长的双通道。 在入射脉冲能量信号期间，检测器子系统被禁止，以提供低噪声运行。 检测到的信号被积分和平均以提高精度。 提供校准源用于校准检测子系统。

公开(公告)号：US4800886A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-31

申请号：US885072

申请日：1986-07-14

Applicant: James R. Nestor

Inventor： James R. Nestor

IPC: G01N33/49 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: G01N21/8507 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  G01N2021/8585 ,  G01N21/3504

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for determining the concentration of a gaseous component in a fluid. A solid body of a natural or synthetic high polymer, which is permeable to the gaseous component, is exposed to the fluid, the polymer is exposed to infrared radiation, and the infrared absorption by the gas in the polymer is measured. In the preferred embodiment, a sensor is provided for making in vivo measurements of the concentration of CO.sub.2 in the blood. The sensor includes an optical fiber which is nonpermeable to CO.sub.2 and substantially transparent at the CO.sub.2 absorption wavelength range, and a solid body of polymeric material at the distal end of the fiber which is substantially transparent to the absorption wavelength range and permeable to CO.sub.2. An incident infrared signal is transmitted down the fiber, passes through the body, is reflected off the distal end of the body, and the intensity of the return signal is measured by a detector. The return signal is diminished in proportion to the concentration of the CO.sub.2 in the polymeric body. The sensor is disposed within a catheter and is positionable within the narrow blood vessels of the body for continuous real time monitoring of the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood.

公开(公告)号：US5190729A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-02

申请号：US655648

申请日：1991-02-14

Applicant: Bennett L. Hauenstein ,  Raysna Picerno ,  Harry G. Brittain ,  James R. Nestor

Inventor： Bennett L. Hauenstein ,  Raysna Picerno ,  Harry G. Brittain ,  James R. Nestor

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01N21/643 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N2021/641 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/6434

Abstract: An oxygen sensor is provided for determination of the partial pressure of oxygen. In one aspect, the invention consists of oxygen-quenchable luminescent lanthanide complexes for an oxygen sensor. The complexes are oxygen-quenchable even though immobilized in a solid matrix, such as a solid polymeric matrix, and preferably are terbium complexes of Schiff base or .beta.-diketone ligands. Certain preferred processes are described for improving the oxygen sensitivity of the lanthanide complexes. In another aspect, the invention consists of a combination measuring and reference analyte sensor containing both quenchable and nonquenchable luminescent materials. The materials luminesce at different wavelengths and thus may be transmitted together down a single optical fiber and later discriminated by means of filters and separtely detected. In a third aspect, the invention consists of a low-noise phosphorescent analyte sensor employing a gatable detector. By use of an analyte-quenchable material having a relatively long-lived phosphorescence, a pulsed excitation source, and selectively coupling the detector after the excitation source is off and any short-lived background luminescence has ended, a low-noise output signal consisting of the long-lived phosphorescence is selectively detected and the concentration of the analyte determined therefrom. In a preferred embodiment, all aspects of the invention are combined to produce a miniature in vivo oxygen sensor for use in the narrow blood vessels of the body.

Abstract translation: 提供氧传感器用于测定氧的分压。 一方面，本发明由用于氧传感器的氧可淬灭的发光镧系元素络合物组成。 即使固定在固体基质如固体聚合物基质中，并且优选地是席夫碱或β-二酮配体的铽络合物，络合物是氧可淬火的。 描述了用于改善镧系元素络合物的氧敏感性的某些优选方法。 在另一方面，本发明由包含可淬火和不可淬灭的发光材料的组合测量和参考分析物传感器组成。 材料在不同波长处发光，因此可以沿着单根光纤一起传输，并且稍后通过滤光器区分并分离检测。 在第三方面，本发明由采用可点阵检测器的低噪声磷光分析物传感器组成。 通过使用具有相对长寿命的磷光的分析物 - 可淬火材料，脉冲激发源，并且在激发源关闭并且任何短暂的背景发光已经结束之后选择性地耦合检测器，由低通滤波器 选择性地检测长寿命的磷光，并由此确定分析物的浓度。 在优选实施例中，本发明的所有方面被组合以产生用于体内狭窄血管的微型体内氧传感器。

公开(公告)号：US5234835A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-10

申请号：US766021

申请日：1991-09-26

Applicant: James R. Nestor ,  Bennett L. Hauenstein

Inventor： James R. Nestor ,  Bennett L. Hauenstein

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1495 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B2562/085 ,  Y10T436/10 ,  Y10T436/102499

Abstract: A precalibrated sensing system for determining a blood parameter such as the partial pressures of oxygen (pO.sub.2) and carbon dioxide (pCO.sub.2), and the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion activity (pH). A dry sensor is provided which may be calibrated in the factory, packaged, sterilized and stored, without requiring recalibration prior to use.

Abstract translation: 用于确定诸如氧气（pO 2）和二氧化碳（pCO 2）的分压的血液参数以及氢离子活性（pH）的负对数的预校准感测系统。 提供干式传感器，可在出厂时进行校准，包装，灭菌和储存，无需在使用前重新校准。

公开(公告)号：US4861727A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-29

申请号：US904963

申请日：1986-09-08

Applicant: Bennett L. Hauenstein ,  Raysna Picerno ,  Harry G. Brittain ,  James R. Nestor

Inventor： Bennett L. Hauenstein ,  Raysna Picerno ,  Harry G. Brittain ,  James R. Nestor

IPC: G01N33/49 ,  A61B5/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/76

CPC classification number: G01N21/643 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N2021/641 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/6434 ,  G01N2021/6484 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/7786 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  Y10T436/20 ,  Y10T436/207497

Abstract: An oxygen sensor is provided for determination of the partial pressure of oxygen. In one aspect, the invention consists of oxygen-quenchable luminescent lanthanide complexes for an oxygen sensor. The complexes are oxygen-quenchable even though immobilized in a solid matrix, such as a solid polymeric matrix, and preferably are terbium complexes of Schiff base or .beta.-diketone ligands. Certain preferred processes are described for improving the oxygen sensitivity of the lanthanide complexes. In another aspect, the invention consists of a combination measuring and reference analyte sensor containing both quenchable and nonquenchable luminescent materials. The materials luminesce at different wavelengths and thus may be transmitted together down a single optical fiber and later descriminated by means of filters and separately detected. In a third aspect, the invention consists of a low-noise phosphorescent analyte sensor employing a gatable detector. By use of an analyte-quenchable material having a relatively long-lived phosphorescence, a pulsed excitation source, and selectively coupling the detector after the excitation source is off and any short-lived background luminescence has ended, a low-noise output signal consisting of the long-lived phosphorescence is selectively detected and the concentration of the analyte determined therefrom. In a preferred embodiment, all aspects of the invention are combined to produce a miniature in vivo oxygen sensor for use in the narrow blood vessels of the body.

Abstract translation: 提供氧传感器用于测定氧的分压。 一方面，本发明由用于氧传感器的氧可淬灭的发光镧系元素络合物组成。 即使固定在固体基质如固体聚合物基质中，并且优选地是席夫碱或β-二酮配体的铽络合物，络合物是氧可淬火的。 描述了用于改善镧系元素络合物的氧敏感性的某些优选方法。 在另一方面，本发明由包含可淬火和不可淬灭的发光材料的组合测量和参考分析物传感器组成。 材料以不同的波长发光，因此可以在单个光纤下一起传输，然后通过滤光器分开检测。 在第三方面，本发明由采用可点阵检测器的低噪声磷光分析物传感器组成。 通过使用具有相对长寿命的磷光的分析物 - 可淬火材料，脉冲激发源，并且在激发源关闭并且任何短暂的背景发光已经结束之后选择性地耦合检测器，由低通滤波器 选择性地检测长寿命的磷光，并由此确定分析物的浓度。 在优选实施例中，本发明的所有方面被组合以产生用于体内狭窄血管的微型体内氧传感器。