公开(公告)号：US06564087B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09359574

申请日：1999-07-22

Applicant: Constantinos Pitris ,  Stephen A. Boppart ,  Xingde Li ,  Mark Brezinski ,  Eric Swanson ,  Edward McNamara ,  James G. Fujimoto

Inventor： Constantinos Pitris ,  Stephen A. Boppart ,  Xingde Li ,  Mark Brezinski ,  Eric Swanson ,  Edward McNamara ,  James G. Fujimoto

IPC: A61B500

CPC classification number: A61B5/6852 ,  A61B1/00096 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B1/00183 ,  A61B3/1005 ,  A61B3/102 ,  A61B5/0064 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/445 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  A61B2562/0242 ,  A61B2562/028 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  G01B9/0205 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/026 ,  G01B11/12 ,  G01B11/2441 ,  G01B2290/65 ,  G01J1/00 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G02B5/1828 ,  G11B7/0037 ,  G11B7/005 ,  G11B7/08564 ,  G11B7/0908 ,  G11B7/0945 ,  G11B7/126 ,  G11B7/127 ,  G11B7/128 ,  G11B7/1353 ,  G11B7/14 ,  G11B7/24 ,  G11B2007/0013 ,  H01S5/141

Abstract: A fiber optic needle probe for measuring or imaging the internal structure of a specimen includes a needle defining a bore, an optical fiber substantially positioned within the bore, and a beam director in optical communication with the optical fiber. At least a portion of the wall of the needle is capable of transmitting light. The beam director directs light from the optical fiber to an internal structure being imaged and receives light from the structure through a transparent portion of the wall. An actuating device causes motion of any, or all of, the needle, optical fiber, and beam director to scan the internal structure of the specimen. The fiber optic needle probe allows imaging inside a solid tissue or organ without intraluminal insertion. When used in conjunction with an OCT imaging system, the fiber optic needle probe enables tomographic imaging of the microstructure of internal organs and tissues which were previously impossible to image in a living subject.

Abstract translation: 用于测量或成像试样的内部结构的光纤针头探针包括限定孔的针，基本上位于孔内的光纤，以及与光纤光学通信的光束指向器。 针的壁的至少一部分能够透光。 光束指示器将光从光纤引导到被成像的内部结构，并且通过壁的透明部分接收来自结构的光。 致动装置导致针，光纤和光束导向器中的任何一个或全部的运动扫描样本的内部结构。 光纤针头探针允许在没有腔内插入的情况下在固体组织或器官内进行成像。 当与OCT成像系统结合使用时，光纤针头探针能够对以前不可能在活体中形成的内部器官和组织的微结构进行层析成像。

公开(公告)号：US20090323076A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-31

申请号：US12114281

申请日：2008-05-02

Applicant: Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu ,  Joo Ha Hwang

Inventor： Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu ,  Joo Ha Hwang

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/0205 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/6852 ,  G01B9/02063 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/65 ,  G01N21/4795

Abstract: Mechanically robust minimal form factor OCT probes suitable for medical applications such as needle biopsy, intraluminal and intravascular imaging are achieved in part by employing compound lenses with some or all of the optical elements, including an optical fiber, to be thermally fused in tandem. To achieve a desired working distance without increasing a diameter of the optics assembly, a spacer can be disposed between the optical fiber and focusing optics. The compound lens configuration can achieve higher transverse resolution compared to a single lens at a desired working distance without increasing the probe diameter. In exemplary needle biopsy embodiments, the optical assembly is encapsulated in a glass housing or metal-like housing with a glass window, which is then selectively passed through a hollow needle. Esophageal imaging embodiments are combined with a balloon catheter. Circumferential and three-dimensional spiral scanning can be achieved in each embodiment.

Abstract translation: 适用于医疗应用如针刺活检，腔内和血管内成像的机械稳健的最小形状因子部分通过采用复合透镜来实现，其中部分或全部光学元件（包括光纤）被串联热熔合。 为了在不增加光学组件的直径的情况下实现期望的工作距离，可以在光纤和聚焦光学器件之间设置隔离物。 复合透镜配置可以在不增加探针直径的情况下，在单个透镜的期望工作距离下实现更高的横向分辨率。 在示例性针活检实施例中，光学组件被封装在具有玻璃窗的玻璃外壳或金属状外壳中，然后玻璃窗选择性地穿过中空针。 食管成像实施例与气囊导管组合。 在各实施例中可以实现圆周和三维螺旋扫描。

公开(公告)号：US20070213618A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-13

申请号：US11623974

申请日：2007-01-17

Applicant: Xingde Li ,  Daniel MacDonald ,  Mon Myaing

Inventor： Xingde Li ,  Daniel MacDonald ,  Mon Myaing

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B1/06

CPC classification number: A61B5/6852 ,  A61B1/00096 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B1/00183 ,  A61B1/043 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6423 ,  G01N2201/0697

Abstract: A miniature, flexible, fiber-optic scanning endoscope for nonlinear optical imaging and spectroscopy. The endoscope uses a tubular piezoelectric actuator for activating a cantilevered optical fiber from which pulsed light produced by a laser source exits and is directed to a target region through a micro-lens. The actuator is activated by two modulated signals that achieve two-dimensional beam scanning in a desired scan pattern. A double-clad optical fiber is employed for delivery of the excitation pulsed light and collection of emitted light received from the target region. The pulsed light travels through a core of the double-clad optical fiber, and the emitted light from the target region is directed into the core and inner cladding of the optical fiber and conveyed to a proximal end, for detection and processing. The emitted light can include multiphoton fluorescence, second harmonic generation light, and spectroscopic information, for use in imaging.

Abstract translation: 一种用于非线性光学成像和光谱学的微型，灵活的光纤扫描内窥镜。 内窥镜使用管状压电致动器来激活由激光源产生的脉冲光离开的并通过微透镜被引导到目标区域的悬臂光纤。 致动器通过两个调制信号激活，该信号以期望的扫描图案实现二维光束扫描。 采用双包层光纤来传送激发脉冲光并收集从目标区域接收的发射光。 脉冲光穿过双包层光纤的芯，并且来自目标区域的发射光被引导到光纤的芯和内包层中并被传送到近端，用于检测和处理。 发射的光可以包括用于成像的多光子荧光，二次谐波产生光和光谱信息。

公开(公告)号：US07349098B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-25

申请号：US11332780

申请日：2006-01-13

Applicant: Xingde Li

Inventor： Xingde Li

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02063 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/0205 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/65

Abstract: Method and apparatus for achieving dynamic focus tracking during real-time optical coherence tomography (OCT) by simultaneously implementing geometric focus tracking (GFT) and coherence gate tracking (CGT). GFT tracking involves changing a position of the focal point of the OCT probe in the sample during scanning. Preferably, the focal point is moved relative to the sample without disrupting the Gaussian beam profile of the scanner. CGT involves determining a change in the optical path length of the sample arm due to the GFT, and calculating the change in the optical path length in the reference arm required to maintain an equivalent optical path length in both the sample arm and the reference arm. The reference arm is then translated by the required amount, to maximize the OCT signal. A lateral priority scanning technique is employed, and this technique can be implemented using a single optical fiber suitable for endoscopic use.

Abstract translation: 通过同时实现几何焦点跟踪（GFT）和相干门跟踪（CGT）实现实时光学相干断层扫描（OCT）实现动态聚焦跟踪的方法和装置。 GFT跟踪涉及在扫描期间更改样品中OCT探针的焦点位置。 优选地，焦点相对于样品移动，而不会中断扫描仪的高斯光束分布。 CGT涉及由于GFT确定样品臂的光程长度的变化，并且计算在样品臂和参考臂中维持等效的光程长度所需的参考臂中的光程长度的变化。 然后将参考臂转换所需量，以使OCT信号最大化。 使用横向优先扫描技术，并且可以使用适合于内窥镜使用的单个光纤来实现该技术。

公开(公告)号：US20060170930A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-03

申请号：US11332780

申请日：2006-01-13

Applicant: Xingde Li

Inventor： Xingde Li

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02063 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/0205 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/65

Abstract: Method and apparatus for achieving dynamic focus tracking during real-time optical coherence tomography (OCT) by simultaneously implementing geometric focus tracking (GFT) and coherence gate tracking (CGT). GFT tracking involves changing a position of the focal point of the OCT probe in the sample during scanning. Preferably, the focal point is moved relative to the sample without disrupting the Gaussian beam profile of the scanner. CGT involves determining a change in the optical path length of the sample arm due to the GFT, and calculating the change in the optical path length in the reference arm required to maintain an equivalent optical path length in both the sample arm and the reference arm. The reference arm is then translated by the required amount, to maximize the OCT signal. A lateral priority scanning technique is employed, and this technique can be implemented using a single optical fiber suitable for endoscopic use.

Abstract translation: 通过同时实现几何焦点跟踪（GFT）和相干门跟踪（CGT）实现实时光学相干断层扫描（OCT）实现动态聚焦跟踪的方法和装置。 GFT跟踪涉及在扫描期间更改样品中OCT探针的焦点位置。 优选地，焦点相对于样品移动，而不会中断扫描仪的高斯光束分布。 CGT涉及由于GFT确定样品臂的光程长度的变化，并且计算在样品臂和参考臂中维持等效的光程长度所需的参考臂中的光程长度的变化。 然后将参考臂转换所需量，以使OCT信号最大化。 使用横向优先扫描技术，并且可以使用适合于内窥镜使用的单个光纤来实现该技术。

公开(公告)号：US07952718B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-31

申请号：US12114281

申请日：2008-05-02

Applicant: Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu ,  Joo Ha Hwang

Inventor： Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu ,  Joo Ha Hwang

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/0205 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/6852 ,  G01B9/02063 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/65 ,  G01N21/4795

Abstract: Mechanically robust minimal form factor OCT probes suitable for medical applications such as needle biopsy, intraluminal and intravascular imaging are achieved in part by employing compound lenses with some or all of the optical elements, including an optical fiber, to be thermally fused in tandem. To achieve a desired working distance without increasing a diameter of the optics assembly, a spacer can be disposed between the optical fiber and focusing optics. The compound lens configuration can achieve higher transverse resolution compared to a single lens at a desired working distance without increasing the probe diameter. In exemplary needle biopsy embodiments, the optical assembly is encapsulated in a glass housing or metal-like housing with a glass window, which is then selectively passed through a hollow needle. Esophageal imaging embodiments are combined with a balloon catheter. Circumferential and three-dimensional spiral scanning can be achieved in each embodiment.

Abstract translation: 适用于医疗应用如针刺活检，腔内和血管内成像的机械稳健的最小形状因子部分通过采用复合透镜来实现，其中部分或全部光学元件（包括光纤）被串联热熔合。 为了在不增加光学组件的直径的情况下实现期望的工作距离，可以在光纤和聚焦光学器件之间设置隔离物。 复合透镜配置可以在不增加探针直径的情况下，在单个透镜的期望工作距离下实现更高的横向分辨率。 在示例性针活检实施例中，光学组件被封装在具有玻璃窗的玻璃外壳或金属状外壳中，然后玻璃窗选择性地穿过中空针。 食管成像实施例与气囊导管组合。 在各实施例中可以实现圆周和三维螺旋扫描。

公开(公告)号：US20070216908A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-20

申请号：US11688142

申请日：2007-03-19

Applicant: Xingde Li ,  Hongwu Ren

Inventor： Xingde Li ,  Hongwu Ren

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02044 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  A61B5/02007 ,  A61B5/0261 ,  A61B5/1075 ,  G01B9/0201 ,  G01B9/02045 ,  G01B9/02078 ,  G01B9/02083 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01P5/26

Abstract: In Optical Doppler tomography (ODT), or color Doppler optical coherence tomography, the signal component of primary interest arises from moving scatterers, such as flowing blood cells in blood vessels. Clutter rejection filters are provided and used to remove undesired components from the ODT signal, such as clutter induced by stationary scatterers (e.g., the relatively stationary tissue of a blood vessel wall). Empirical results indicate that such clutter rejection filters can be employed to achieve ODT images from which blood vessel diameter can more accurately be estimated than images obtained using conventional ODT techniques. Further, Doppler images obtained using the clutter rejection filter technique disclosed herein exhibit fewer background artifacts induced by the relative motion of stationary scatterers with respect to the scanning probe.

Abstract translation: 在光学多普勒断层扫描（ODT）或彩色多普勒光学相干断层扫描中，主要关注的信号分量来自运动散射体，如血管中的血细胞流动。 提供杂波拒绝滤波器并用于从ODT信号中去除不期望的分量，例如由固定散射体（例如，血管壁的相对静止的组织）引起的杂波。 实证结果表明，这种杂波抑制滤波器可用于实现ODT图像，从而可以比使用常规ODT技术获得的图像更准确地估计血管直径。 此外，使用本文公开的杂波抑制滤波器技术获得的多普勒图像表现出较少的相对于扫描探针的固定散射体的相对运动引起的背景伪像。

公开(公告)号：US07616986B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-10

申请号：US10880008

申请日：2004-06-28

Applicant: Eric Seibel ,  Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu

Inventor： Eric Seibel ,  Xingde Li ,  Xiumei Liu

IPC: A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/6852 ,  A61B3/102 ,  A61B5/0062 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  B31B2105/001 ,  G02B6/262 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/3502 ,  G02B7/08 ,  G02B21/0028 ,  G02B21/0036 ,  G02B21/006 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B23/2423 ,  G02B26/103

Abstract: An optical fiber scanner is used for multiphoton excitation imaging, optical coherence tomography, or for confocal imaging in which transverse scans are carried out at a plurality of successively different depths within tissue. The optical fiber scanner is implemented as a scanning endoscope using a cantilevered optical fiber that is driven into resonance or near resonance by an actuator. The actuator is energized with drive signals that cause the optical fiber to scan in a desired pattern at successively different depths as the depth of the focal point is changed. Various techniques can be employed for depth focus tracking at a rate that is much slower than the transverse scanning carried out by the vibrating optical fiber. The optical fiber scanner can be used for confocal imaging, multiphoton fluorescence imaging, nonlinear harmonic generation imaging, or in an OCT system that includes a phase or frequency modulator and delay line.

Abstract translation: 光纤扫描器用于多光子激发成像，光学相干断层扫描或用于共焦成像，其中横向扫描在组织内的多个连续不同的深度进行。 光纤扫描器被实现为使用由致动器驱动到共振或接近谐振的悬臂光纤的扫描内窥镜。 致动器通过驱动信号通电，当驱动信号使焦点的深度改变时，光纤以连续不同的深度以所需的图案扫描。 可以采用比由振动光纤执行的横向扫描慢得多的速度进行深度聚焦跟踪的各种技术。 光纤扫描器可用于共焦成像，多光子荧光成像，非线性谐波生成成像，或在包括相位或频率调制器和延迟线的OCT系统中。

公开(公告)号：US06304771B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

申请号：US08783682

申请日：1997-01-15

Applicant: Arjun G. Yodh ,  Britton Chance ,  David A. Boas ,  Maureen O'Leary ,  Xingde Li

Inventor： Arjun G. Yodh ,  Britton Chance ,  David A. Boas ,  Maureen O'Leary ,  Xingde Li

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: G01N21/6456 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N21/6428

Abstract: The systems comprise source means for illuminating the fluorophores with diffuse photon density waves of a first specified wavelength, whereby the fluorophores will fluoresce re-radiated diffuse photon density waves of a second wavelength after being illuminated with the diffuse photon density waves of the first specified wavelength; detection means for detecting the re-radiated diffuse photon density waves of the second wavelength, wherein there is a phase shift between the diffuse photon density waves of the first wavelength and the diffuse photon density waves of the second wavelength; and processing means interfaced with the detection means for processing data corresponding to the phase shift and the amplitude of the re-radiated waves to determine concentration and lifetime of the fluorophores as a function of spatial position of the fluorophores in the turbid medium.

Abstract translation: 这些系统包括用于用第一特定波长的漫射光子密度波照射荧光团的源装置，由此荧光团将在用第一指定波长的漫射光子密度波照射之后发出第二波长的再辐射扩散光子密度波 ; 检测装置，用于检测第二波长的再辐射漫射光子密度波，其中在第一波长的漫射光子密度波与第二波长的漫射光子密度波之间存在相移; 以及处理装置，与所述检测装置接口，用于处理对应于所述相移和所述再辐射波幅度的数据，以确定所述荧光团的浓度和寿命作为所述浑浊介质中所述荧光团的空间位置的函数。