Abstract:
An instrument system includes a sensor that has a logarithmic response, an antilog circuit and output means connected to the output of the antilog circuit to provide, as a linear function signals representative of the constituent sensed by the sensor. Balance adjust means for inserting a first compensating function in an additive manner to the signal from the sensor is connected in circuit between the sensor and antilog circuit and slope adjust means for inserting a second compensating function to change the slope characteristic of the signal applied to the antilog circuit is connected in circuit between the balance adjust means and the antilog circuit.
Abstract:
An atomic absorption spectroanalysis system includes a burner for generating a flame, two radiation sources, and two pairs of radiation sensors. An optical system passes radiation from each source along a first path through the flame for sensing by a corresponding sensor to produce an I signal, and along a second path outside the flame for sensing by a corresponding second sensor to produce an Io signal. The radiation output of each source is modulated and the output signals from each sensor are demodulated and then logarithmically combined to provide two log I/Io signals. Compensation circuitry connected to the logarithmic circuit arrangement provides compensation for radiation absorption deviations of the radiation passing through the flame as a function of Beer''s Law. The system also includes circuitry for providing a zeroing adjustment of each log I/Io signal while a known standard or blank is being introduced into the flame.
Abstract:
An electrochemical sensor system includes an electrode assembly that produces a DC signal as a function of a parameter of interest sensed by the electrode system. An AC signal is applied via an electrode to the conductor fluid in which the electrode system is disposed and an AC signal detector is connected to the DC circuitry. A threshold circuit responsive to the output of the AC signal detector indicates fault in the electrochemical sensor system whenever the AC signal detector has an output of predetermined magnitude.
Abstract:
An analysis system includes a plural chamber cuvette assembly that holds chemical materials and is adapted to receive an unknown to be analyzed in one of the chambers, a record that specifies information as to the nature of the stored chemical material and the type of analysis to be performed, and photometric instrumentation for performing a chemical analysis that responds to the material in the sample chamber in the cuvette assembly and the record. The instrument is automatically calibrated in response to information specified by the record and an analysis is performed automatically merely in response to the operation of a single control.
Abstract:
FLUID SAMPLE ANALYZING APPARATUS INCLUDES A SAMPLE CHAMBER, A CONSTITUENT SENSOR IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE SAMPLE CHAMBER, A FIRST CONTROL FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF FLUID TO THE SAMPLE CHAMBER AND A SECOND CONTROL FOR CONTROLLING THE REMOVAL OF FLUID FROM THE SAMPLE CHAMBER. A SEQUENCER OPERATES THE FIRST AND SECOND CONTROLS TO SELECTIVELY CHANNEL CLEANING FLUID, CALIBRATING FLUID AND SAMPLE FLUID FOR SENSING BY THE SENSOR TO THE SAMPLE CHAMBER. A GASEOUS CONSTITUENT OF THE SAMPLE IS SENSED BY AN ELECTRODE HAVING A SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.
Abstract:
A fluid sample analysis instrument includes two sample chambers with an electrode assembly associated with each sample chamber. The instrument includes a common pump system for applying reduced pressure to the sample chambers to produce flow of fluid into and out of the sample chambers and a common circulator system for circulating fluid past the electrode assemblies and sample chambers to maintain the sample chambers and electrode assemblies at a pre-established temperature.