Interactive system for measuring physiological exertion
    1.
    发明授权
    Interactive system for measuring physiological exertion 失效
    用于测量生理消耗的交互式系统

    公开(公告)号:US5524637A

    公开(公告)日:1996-06-11

    申请号:US267671

    申请日:1994-06-29

    Inventor: Jon W. Erickson

    Abstract: A system is provided for monitoring the physiological exertion of a user. One or more sensors are attached to the limbs of the user to measure the user's motion. The sensors can measure either the acceleration or the force on the limbs. The measured signal is transmitted to a monitor by a wireless transmitter, such as an infrared, acoustic or radio transmitter. The monitor determines and displays the level of physiological exertion of the user by a mathematical formula or a look up table based on the measured motion of the user. The system can also measure and display various other physiological parameters of the user, such as pulse rate, blood pressure, etc. The system includes an interactive video display with a branching video sequence. The rate of progress and the direction of the video sequence at each of the branching points are interactively controlled by the level of physiological exertion and the movements of the user. The system can also record and display the level of physiological exertion and other physiological parameters of the user over time to create a personal exercise log.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于监测用户的生理消耗的系统。 一个或多个传感器连接到用户的肢体以测量用户的运动。 传感器可以测量四肢的加速度或力。 所测量的信号由无线发射机(例如红外线,声学或无线电发射机)发射到监视器。 监视器基于用户的测量运动,通过数学公式或查找表来确定和显示用户的生理消耗水平。 该系统还可以测量和显示用户的各种其他生理参数,例如脉率,血压等。该系统包括具有分支视频序列的交互式视频显示。 每个分支点的视频序列的进度和方向由生理消耗的水平和用户的移动交互地控制。 该系统还可以记录和显示用户随时间的生理消耗和其他生理参数的水平,以创建个人运动日志。

    Chemical analysis and imaging by discrete fourier transform spectroscopy
    3.
    发明授权
    Chemical analysis and imaging by discrete fourier transform spectroscopy 失效
    通过离散傅立叶变换光谱进行化学分析和成像

    公开(公告)号:US5440388A

    公开(公告)日:1995-08-08

    申请号:US101389

    申请日:1993-08-02

    Inventor: Jon W. Erickson

    Abstract: An instrument for chemical spectroscopy with imaging capabilities. A lightsource produces an array of light beams, each of which is made up of a plurality of discrete wavelengths. The array of light beams are modulated by an interferometer, then directed through a sample to an array of detectors. The sample may be a chemical mixture (e.g. a fuel stream in a manufacturing facility) or a body part (e.g. breast, limb, or head). An array of laser or light-emitting diodes provides light at the desired wavelengths and high intensity. The set of wavelengths is selected for a particular kind of analysis, and a specific set of possible absorbing species to be detected. The different wavelengths are guided optically (using fiber optics, lenses, and/or mirrors) into a single lightbeam, or an array of lightbeams. This light is then directed through the sample and onto a detector. The lightsource and detector, or lightsource alone, may be rastered if necessary to form an image. Individual lightbeams in an array may be modulated, polarized, or both so as to improve resolution. The signal from the detector undergoes a Fast Fourier Transform to produce a near-infrared absorption spectrum as a function of wavelength. The absorption spectra can be used to produce an image of the spacial distribution of detected species within the sample. Either the lightsource or detectors can be placed on the end of a probe or catheter for imaging through the wall of a hollow sample.

    Abstract translation: 具有成像能力的化学光谱仪。 光源产生一束光束,每个光束由多个离散波长组成。 光束阵列由干涉仪调制,然后通过样本引导到一组检测器。 样品可以是化学混合物(例如制造设施中的燃料流)或身体部位(例如乳房,肢体或头部)。 激光或发光二极管的阵列提供所需波长和高强度的光。 选择一组波长用于特定类型的分析,以及要检测的特定的一组可能的吸收物质。 不同的波长被光学引导(使用光纤,透镜和/或反射镜)到单个光束或光束阵列中。 然后将该光引导通过样品并进入检测器。 光源和检测器,或单独的光源,如果需要形成图像,可能会被扫描。 阵列中的单个光束可以被调制,极化或两者以便提高分辨率。 来自检测器的信号经历快速傅立叶变换以产生作为波长的函数的近红外吸收光谱。 吸收光谱可用于产生样品中检测物种的空间分布的图像。 光源或检测器可以放置在探针或导管的末端,以通过中空样品的壁进行成像。

    Acoustic and ultrasound sensor with optical amplification
    4.
    发明授权
    Acoustic and ultrasound sensor with optical amplification 失效
    具有光学放大的声学和超声波传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5339289A

    公开(公告)日:1994-08-16

    申请号:US42726

    申请日:1993-04-05

    Inventor: Jon W. Erickson

    CPC classification number: G01H9/00 G01D5/30 A61B8/4483

    Abstract: An optical lever acoustic and ultrasound sensor with increased sensitivity using an optical amplification means to amplify the motion of an incident acoustic wave and convert it to an electric signal for image processing. Three approaches to the optical amplification are disclosed. In the first approach, the vibrating mirror is part of a cantilever that increases the angular deflection of the incident light beam. In the second approach, a second, stationary mirror is positioned approximately parallel to the vibrating mirror surface. The reflected light beam is reflected back onto the vibrating mirror, and picks up a another increment of the acoustic signal with each reflection. In the third approach, the effective moment of the optical lever is increased within a small volume by the use of two stationary mirrors to increase the path length from the vibrating mirror to the position-sensitive detector. This increases the relative movement of the light beam on the surface of the position-sensitive detector and, therefore, the overall sensitivity of the sensor. The incident beam of light is focused by a lens between the light source and the vibrating mirror, so that the focal point is in the plane of the position-sensitive detector. The smaller spot size and greater intensity of the incident light allows greater detector sensitivity. Two or more chopped light beams may be directed at a single vibrating surface, and phase-locked loop circuitry used to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio.

    Abstract translation: 一种使用光学放大装置增加灵敏度的光学杆声学和超声波传感器,用于放大入射声波的运动并将其转换成用于图像处理的电信号。 公开了光放大的三种方法。 在第一种方法中,振镜是悬臂的一部分,增加入射光束的角度偏转。 在第二种方法中,第二静止镜被定位成近似平行于振动镜表面。 反射光束被反射回到振动镜上,并且每次反射拾取声信号的另一增量。 在第三种方法中,通过使用两个固定镜来增加从振动镜到位置敏感检测器的路径长度,光杆的有效力矩在小体积内增加。 这增加了光束在位置敏感检测器的表面上的相对运动,因此增加了传感器的整体灵敏度。 入射光束由光源和振动镜之间的透镜聚焦,使得焦点位于位置敏感检测器的平面中。 入射光的光斑尺寸越小,强度越大,检测器灵敏度越高。 两个或更多个短切光束可以指向单个振动表面,并且锁相环电路用于降低信噪比。

    Optical lever for acoustic and ultrasound sensor
    6.
    发明授权
    Optical lever for acoustic and ultrasound sensor 失效
    用于声学和超声波传感器的光学杆

    公开(公告)号:US5249163A

    公开(公告)日:1993-09-28

    申请号:US895544

    申请日:1992-06-08

    Inventor: Jon W. Erickson

    CPC classification number: G01D5/30 G01H9/00 A61B8/4483

    Abstract: An acoustic sensor, suitable for use as an ultrasonic transducer, microphone or hydrophone, uses an optical lever to amplify the motion of the sensor surface and convert it to an electrical signal suitable for image processing. In the acoustic sensor, a beam of light from a laser is directed at an oblique angle onto a reflective surface coupled to a sensor membrane. The reflected light strikes a position-sensitive light detector (PSD) which generates an electrical signal indicative of the position of the spot of light on the PSD. When an incident acoustic wave strikes the sensor membrane, the small movements of the reflective surface result in large motions of the spot of light on the PSD, thereby amplifying the acoustic signal and converting it into an electrical signal. Also disclosed is a multi-element sensor array suitable for linear array or phased array imaging.

    Abstract translation: 适合用作超声波换能器,麦克风或水听器的声学传感器使用光学杆来放大传感器表面的运动并将其转换成适于图像处理的电信号。 在声学传感器中,来自激光器的光束以倾斜角度被引导到耦合到传感器膜的反射表面上。 反射光照射位置敏感光检测器(PSD),其产生指示PSD上光斑位置的电信号。 当入射的声波撞击传感器膜时,反射表面的小的运动导致PSD上光点的大的运动,从而放大声信号并将其转换为电信号。 还公开了适用于线性阵列或相控阵列成像的多元件传感器阵列。

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