公开(公告)号：US07279138B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-09

申请号：US10804896

申请日：2004-03-19

Applicant: Giorgio Pagani ,  Enrico Rizzi ,  Umberto Zardi

Inventor： Giorgio Pagani ,  Enrico Rizzi ,  Umberto Zardi

IPC: B01J8/04

CPC classification number: F28D7/12 ,  B01J8/0085 ,  B01J8/0484 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00814 ,  B01J2208/00884 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  C07C29/152 ,  F28D7/06 ,  F28F2280/02 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  C07C31/04

Abstract: A horizontal chemical reactor comprises at least one catalytic bed (5a-5d) arranged horizontally in the reactor and comprising a lower gas-permeable wall (6) for gas outlet, and a holding element (2) of the at least one catalytic bed.

Abstract translation: 水平化学反应器包括至少一个在反应器中水平布置的催化床（5a-5d），其包括用于气体出口的下部气体可渗透壁（6）和至少一种催化剂的保持元件（2） 床。

公开(公告)号：US5756048A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US375985

申请日：1995-01-20

Applicant: Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

Inventor： Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

IPC: B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/04 ,  C07C29/151 ,  C07C29/152

CPC classification number: B01J8/043 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/0449 ,  B01J8/0453 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  C07C29/1518 ,  C07C29/152 ,  B01J2208/00884 ,  B01J2219/00024

Abstract: A method for in-situ modernization of a reactor for carrying out heterogeneous exothermic synthesis reactions, in particular of the so-called lozenge type including an external shell (2), calls for prearrangement within the shell (2) of a plurality of superimposed catalyst beds (12, 13, 14) supported at a pre-set distance by means of support elements (22, 23, 24) rested on or fixed to, e.g. by welding, a plurality of annular shoulders (8a, 8b, 8c) pre-existing in the reactor.

Abstract translation: 用于进行异质放热合成反应的反应器的现场现代化方法，特别是包括外壳（2）的所谓的锭剂型的方法，需要在多个叠加催化剂的壳体（2）内进行预先布置 床（12,13,14）通过支撑元件（22,23,24）以预设的距离支撑，搁置在或固定到例如 通过焊接，预先存在于反应器中的多个环形肩部（8a，8b，8c）。

公开(公告)号：US5176800A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-05

申请号：US634410

申请日：1990-12-27

Applicant: Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

Inventor： Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

IPC: C07C273/04

CPC classification number: C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/142

Abstract: A process to modernize existing urea plants which use a stripping with carbon dioxide, and to increase urea yields and flexibility under overload conditions while at the same time reducing energy consumption, corrosion phenomena and possible risks of explosive mixtures. The plant includes: a passivation stage with the introduction of an oxidizing agent and reduction of the air fed to the system; a medium pressure distillation stage of the products leaving the stripping section, and a condensation of the products of the distillation, effected in a pre-evaporation phase to concentrate at low pressure the urea solution.The modernized plant, includes at the start at least a reactor, a scrubber, a condenser, a stripper and the evaporators, includes also a passivation section, a medium pressure distillation section, and a distillation section with double-effect technique.

公开(公告)号：US5130098A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

申请号：US587527

申请日：1990-09-24

Applicant: Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

Inventor： Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

IPC: B01J8/04 ,  C01C1/04 ,  C07C29/152

CPC classification number: C01C1/0423 ,  B01J8/0415 ,  B01J8/0469 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  C07C29/152 ,  B01J2208/00194 ,  B01J2208/00814 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: A system for modernizing exothermic heterogeneous reactors used in the synthesis of ammonia, methanol and the like, which include a pressure shell, a wall for forming an airspace, a wall or cartridge for containing a catalyst bed, and catalyst-containing basket. An airspace-forming wall is formed of a single piece substantially the whole axial length of the reactor. A bed forming wall is distinct from, and unconnected to, the airspace forming wall, and it constitutes independent modules, each module containing at least one catalyst bed and each module resting either on an underlying module or on an extension of an inside gas distribution collector. The bed forming walls contain the catalyst and distribute gas therethrough. A portion of the catalyst contacts the airspace-forming wall.

公开(公告)号：US4859425A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-22

申请号：US54743

申请日：1987-05-27

Applicant: Umberto Zardi

Inventor： Umberto Zardi

IPC: B01J8/04 ,  C01C1/04

CPC classification number: C01C1/0423 ,  B01J8/0415 ,  B01J8/0453 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00194 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: The general conditions of the thermal exchange are improved by ameliorating the mixing of reacted gases together with quench gases, in order to increase in the yields and to reduce the energy consumption in reactors used for heterogeneous synthesis (ammonia, methanol, etc.), consisting of an external shell, of an internal cartridge with catalytic baskets lying one above the other, at least one of such baskets being traversed axially by the reaction gas, and of means to feed the quench gas between the bottom of one basket and the top of the following basket, said gas mixing being carried out in a peripheral zone near the internal cartridge wall.

Abstract translation: 通过改善反应气体与骤冷气体的混合来提高热交换的一般条件，以增加产量并降低用于异相合成的反应器（氨，甲醇等）中的能量消耗，包括 具有一个位于一个上方的催化篮的内部盒体，至少一个这样的篮子被反应气体轴向地横过，并且在一个篮子的底部和顶部之间供给骤冷气体的装置 在下一个篮子中，所述气体混合在靠近内部筒壁的周边区域中进行。

公开(公告)号：US4210600A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-01

申请号：US40863

申请日：1979-05-21

Applicant: Umberto Zardi

Inventor： Umberto Zardi

IPC: B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07C273/04 ,  C07C126/02

CPC classification number: B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/2425 ,  C07C273/04 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  Y02P20/142 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: In a total recycle urea-producing system, the improvement is disclosed which consists in providing in the reactor two adjoining but separated reaction spaces, called first and second reaction zones, the surface which separates the two zones being a heat-exchanging surface. Fresh ammonia and carbon dioxide are fed with a portion of excess recycled ammonia to the first reaction zone, wherein the reaction is exothermic in character, whereas the condensates from the carbamate decomposition and the remaining portion of the excess recycled ammonia are fed to the second reaction zone, wherein the reactions are of an endothermic nature. By so doing, a better thermal balance in the reactor is obtained, concurrently with improved yields.

Abstract translation: 在总再生尿素生产系统中，公开了一种改进，其在反应器中提供称为第一和第二反应区的相邻但分离的反应空间，即分离作为热交换表面的两个区的表面。 将新鲜的氨和二氧化碳与一部分过量的再循环氨进料到第一反应区，其中反应具有放热特性，而来自氨基甲酸酯分解的冷凝物和剩余的部分过量的再循环氨进料到第二反应 区，其中反应具有吸热性质。 通过这样做，在反应器中获得更好的热平衡，同时提高了产率。

公开(公告)号：US4082797A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-04

申请号：US678635

申请日：1976-04-20

Applicant: Umberto Zardi ,  Vincenzo Lagana' ,  Andrea Bonetti ,  Giorgio Schmid

Inventor： Umberto Zardi ,  Vincenzo Lagana' ,  Andrea Bonetti ,  Giorgio Schmid

IPC: C01C1/26 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C239/00 ,  C07C273/04 ,  C07C126/00 ,  C07C126/02

CPC classification number: C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/142

Abstract: In a urea-synthesis installation, the problem of the condensation of the ammonium carbamate is solved by providing a condensation zone composed of a horizontal tube bundle which is placed under the static pressure of a liquid head. The ratio of the liquid head height to the diameter of the circumference encompassing the outermost tube layer of the bundle of tubes is critical: it should be between 5 and 30, 10 being the preferred value.

公开(公告)号：US06290920B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09315975

申请日：1999-05-21

Applicant: Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

Inventor： Umberto Zardi ,  Giorgio Pagani

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0257 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/043 ,  B01J8/0453

Abstract: The present invention relates generally an apparatus for uniformly mixing gaseous flows at different temperatures. In particular, a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a heterogeneous exothermic synthesis reactor including a plurality of superimposed catalytic beds wherein at least one of the beds is provided with a gas permeable wall for outlet of a hot gas flow. In this embodiment, a baffle extends below and parallel to the gas permeable wall, thereby defining an air space to collect the hot gas flow. An annular opening is provided for outlet of the hot gas flow from the air space defined between the baffle and a side wall supporting the beds associated with the reactor and a perforated distributor for cooling a gas flow supported below said baffle at a predetermined distance from the annular opening. Further, the air space which collects the hot gas flow has a constant thickness in correspondence with the annular opening and the ratio of the width of the annular opening to the thickness of the air space is between 0.2 and 1.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及在不同温度下均匀混合气流的装置。 特别地，本发明的优选实施方案涉及一种异质放热合成反应器，其包括多个叠加的催化床，其中至少一个床设有用于热气流出口的气体渗透壁。 在该实施例中，挡板延伸到气体可渗透壁的下方并平行，由此限定空气空间以收集热气流。 设置环形开口用于来自限定在挡板和支撑与反应器相关联的床的侧壁之间的空气空间的出口，以及穿孔分配器，用于将支撑在所述挡板下方的气流以预定距离离开 环形开口。 此外，收集热气流的空气空间与环形开口相对应地具有恒定的厚度，并且环形开口的宽度与空气空间的厚度的比率在0.2和1之间。

公开(公告)号：US6150555A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US405912

申请日：1995-03-16

Applicant: Giorgio Pagani ,  Umberto Zardi

Inventor： Giorgio Pagani ,  Umberto Zardi

IPC: C07C273/04

CPC classification number: C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/142 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: An improved process for urea production as well as a method of retrofitting a pre-existing urea plant based on the Stamicarbon process are disclosed. According to the invention, a high yield reaction space fed by highly pure reagents (NH3 and CO2) and a separating section of the solution leaving the high yield reaction space are added to the pre-existing urea plant, means being provided for recirculating ammonia and carbammate solutions obtained in the separating section to the added high yield reaction space and to the pre-existing reactor respectively.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于尿素生产的改进方法以及基于Stamicarbon方法改造预先存在的尿素装置的方法。 根据本发明，将高纯度试剂（NH 3和CO 2）供给的高产率反应空间和离开高产率反应空间的溶液的分离段加入到预先存在的尿素装置中，提供用于再循环氨和 在分离部分中获得的添加的高产率反应空间和先前存在的反应器的碳酸溶液。

公开(公告)号：US5380943A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US947287

申请日：1992-09-16

Applicant: Giorgio Pagani ,  Umberto Zardi

Inventor： Giorgio Pagani ,  Umberto Zardi

IPC: C07C273/04

CPC classification number: C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: Process for the industrial synthesis of urea, by reacting ammonia (NH.sub.3) and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in at least one reaction space, at high pressures and temperatures and by recirculating at least part of the non-reacted products obtained in a recovery section, characterized by the fact that the following takes place : a synthesis reaction A) between highly pure reagents, and a synthesis reaction B) between less pure reagents, substantially recycled from the said recovery section, the reaction A) being either of adiabatic type A1) or with partial reaction heat removal A2).

Abstract translation: 通过在高压和高温下使至少一个反应空间中的氨（NH 3）和二氧化碳（CO 2）反应并通过再循环至少部分在回收段中获得的未反应的产物来工业合成尿素的方法， 其特征在于发生以下事实：高纯试剂之间的合成反应A）和较不纯的试剂之间的合成反应B），基本上从所述回收部分再循环，反应A）为绝热型A1） 或部分反应除热A2）。