公开(公告)号：US07227645B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-05

申请号：US10544638

申请日：2003-02-06

Applicant: Normand Cyr

Inventor： Normand Cyr

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J4/04 ,  G01M11/331 ,  G01M11/336

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring polarization mode dispersion (PMD) of a device, e.g. a waveguide, comprises a broadband light source (10,12) for passing polarized broadband light through the device (14), an interferometer (20) for dividing and recombining light that has passed through the device to form interferograms, a polarization separator (30) for receiving the light from the interferometer and separating such received light along first and second orthogonal Feb. 25, 2003 Feb. 25, 2003 polarization states, detectors (32x,32y) for converting the first and second orthogonal polarization states, respectively, into corresponding first and second electrical signals (Px(τ),Py(τ)), and a processor (36) for computing the modulus of the difference and such, respectively, of the first and second electrical signals to produce a cross-correlation envelope (EC(τ)) and an auto-correlation envelope (Ec(τ)), and determining the polarization mode dispersion according to the expression PMD=where and τ is the delay difference between the paths of the interferometer.

Abstract translation: 用于测量装置的偏振模色散（PMD）的装置，例如， 波导，包括用于使偏振宽带光通过装置（14）的宽带光源（10,12），用于分割和重新组合通过该装置的光以形成干涉图的干涉仪（20）;偏振分离器（30） ），用于接收来自干涉仪的光并且在2003年2月25日的第一和第二正交方向上分离这样的接收光，2003年2月25日，偏振态，检测器（32×32， 分别将第一和第二正交极化状态转换成对应的第一和第二电信号（P SUB）（τ），P SUB（τ））， 以及用于分别计算第一和第二电信号的差的模数和处理器（36）以产生互相关包络（E SUB）（τ） 相关包络（τ）（τ）），以及根据表达式PMD =其中确定偏振模色散 并且τT是干涉仪的路径之间的延迟差。

公开(公告)号：US06930776B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-16

申请号：US10625528

申请日：2003-07-24

Applicant: Gang He ,  Daniel Gariépy

Inventor： Gang He ,  Daniel Gariépy

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/0294 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J2003/1819

Abstract: A dual-channel, double-filtering, multi-pass OSA having a narrow spectral linewidth response and high ORR comprises a diffraction grating (DG), two input ports (P1′, P1″) for directing first and second input light beams (LR, LT) onto the grating; a retroreflector (RAM1) for returning the dispersed light beams to the grating for dispersion again; two intermediate output ports (P2′, P2″) for receiving the twice-dispersed light beams; two secondary input ports (P3′, P3″) coupled to the intermediate output ports by polarization-maintaining waveguides (PMF2′, PMF2″) for directing the light beams onto the grating a third time, with their SOPs having a predetermined orientation relative to the SOPs of the first and second light beams when first incident upon the grating, the retroreflector (RAM1) returning the three-times-dispersed light beams to the grating for dispersion a fourth time; and two output ports (P4′, P4″) for receiving the light beams after dispersion the fourth time.

Abstract translation: 具有窄光谱线宽响应和高ORR的双通道双滤波多通道OSA包括衍射光栅（DG），用于引导第一和第二输入光的两个输入端口（P 1'，P 1“） 光束（LR，LT）到光栅上; 用于将分散的光束返回到光栅以用于再次分散的后向反射器（RAM1）; 用于接收两倍分散光束的两个中间输出端口（P 2'，P 2“）; 通过偏振保持波导（PMF 2'，PMF 2“）耦合到中间输出端口的用于将光束第三次引导到光栅上的两个次级输入端口（P 3'，P 3”），其SOP 当第一次入射到光栅上时，具有相对于第一和第二光束的SOP的预定取向，后向反射器（RAM1）将三次分散的光束第四次返回到光栅以进行分散; 以及用于在第四次分散之后接收光束的两个输出端口（P 4'，P 4“）。

公开(公告)号：US20090033919A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：US12086626

申请日：2006-12-18

Applicant: Gang He ,  Gregory Walter Schinn

Inventor： Gang He ,  Gregory Walter Schinn

IPC: G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01M11/33 ,  G02B6/255

Abstract: A method of estimating loss of a splice between first and second optical fibers spliced together by a mechanical splice or a mechanical splice-based connector having a portion through which light leaked from the splice can emerge comprises the steps of launching light into the first fiber, collecting light leaked from the portion using a multiplicity of ports, measuring the power level of the collected light and deriving the insertion loss from the measured power level, a predetermined power level and a collection factor C representing a relationship between measured power level, predetermined power level, power level of light in the first fiber, and power level of light coupled into the second fiber previously obtained for the same or similar connecting device. The ports may be angularly spaced about the axis of the connector or splice. The predetermined power level may be obtained by measuring light emerging from the connector but without the second fiber in position.

Abstract translation: 估计通过机械接头或机械接头连接器拼接在一起的第一和第二光纤之间的接头的损耗的方法，该连接器具有从接头泄漏光的部分可以出现的步骤包括将光发射到第一光纤中的步骤， 使用多个端口收集从该部分泄漏的光，测量所收集的光的功率电平并从测量的功率电平导出插入损耗，预定功率电平和表示测量功率电平，预定功率之间的关系的采集因子C 第一光纤中的光的功率水平，以及耦合到先前为相同或相似的连接装置获得的第二光纤的光的功率水平。 端口可以​​围绕连接器或接头的轴线成角度地间隔开。 可以通过测量从连接器出射的光而不使第二光纤处于适当位置来获得预定的功率水平。

公开(公告)号：US07382810B2

公开(公告)日：2008-06-03

申请号：US11652634

申请日：2007-01-12

Applicant: Gang He ,  Daniel Gariépy ,  Hongxin Chen ,  François Babin

Inventor： Gang He ,  Daniel Gariépy ,  Hongxin Chen ,  François Babin

IPC: H01S3/10

CPC classification number: H01S3/083 ,  H01S5/141 ,  H01S5/4087

Abstract: A widely-tunable laser apparatus comprises a plurality of tunable lasers having different ranges that overlap to encompass a desired operating range of wavelengths (for example from 1250 nm to 1650 nm) of the widely-tunable laser apparatus. The tunable lasers are tunable synchronously and selectively with their respective outputs connected in common to sweep the output of the widely-tunable laser apparatus substantially continuously over said operating range. The tunable lasers share the same tuning means which has a plurality of independent channels, each for light from a respective one of the tunable lasers.

Abstract translation: 广泛可调谐的激光装置包括具有不同范围的多个可调激光器，其重叠以包含广泛可调激光装置的期望的波长（例如1250nm至1650nm）的工作范围。 可调谐激光器可以同步和选择性地可调谐，其各自的输出共同连接，以在所述操作范围内基本连续地扫描广泛可调激光设备的输出。 可调激光器共享相同的调谐装置，该调谐装置具有多个独立通道，每个独立通道用于来自可调激光器的相应一个的光。

公开(公告)号：US5305078A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-19

申请号：US822785

申请日：1992-01-21

Applicant: Joseph E. G. Lamonde

Inventor： Joseph E. G. Lamonde

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/59

CPC classification number: G01M11/333 ,  G01M11/335

Abstract: Attenuation of an optical fiber is measured by transmitting an optical signal having a predetermined wavelength to the fiber, and FSK modulating the optical signal with information identifying the wavelength and transmitted power of the optical signal. At a receiver, the optical signal is detected and the information is recovered by demodulation. Wavelength-dependent sensitivity information for the detector is read from a store in dependence upon the wavelength information and used to control the gain of an amplifier for amplifying a subsequently transmitted continuous wave optical signal used for attenuation measurement. The received power level of this optical signal is converted into a digital value and used with the transmitted power information to determine the fiber attenuation at the predetermined wavelength.

Abstract translation: 通过将具有预定波长的光信号传输到光纤来测量光纤的衰减，并且用识别光信号的波长和发射功率的信息对光信号进行FSK调制。 在接收机处，检测光信号，并通过解调恢复信息。 根据波长信息从存储器读取检测器的波长相关灵敏度信息，并用于控制用于放大用于衰减测量的随后传输的连续波光信号的放大器的增益。 该光信号的接收功率电平被转换为数字值，并与发射功率信息一起使用以确定在预定波长处的光纤衰减。

公开(公告)号：US20090310627A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-17

申请号：US12373986

申请日：2007-07-18

Applicant: Hongxin Chen ,  Gregory Walter Schinn

Inventor： Hongxin Chen ,  Gregory Walter Schinn

IPC: H01S3/30 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: H01S5/146 ,  H01S5/06216 ,  H01S5/1071 ,  H01S5/141 ,  H01S5/50

Abstract: A laser for generating laser light pulses comprises a cavity containing an active optical gain medium (102) and a spectral filtering device (104), a delay device (110) for delaying light by a predetermined delay time (Δt), means (106) for extracting a portion of laser light from the cavity, launching said portion into said delay means (110) and returning the delayed portion to the optical gain medium (102), control means (116) operable to activate the gain medium for a first time period (C1) to produce a first laser light pulse (LP1) having a duration that is less than the delay time (Δt), and activate the gain medium for a second time period (C2) while a said delayed portion of the first light pulse that has been delayed by the delay means (UO) is traversing the gain medium (102), thereby to produce a second laser pulse (LP2) having a shorter duration and faster risetime than the first laser light pulse (LP1), and output means (108) for outputting the second laser light pulse (LP2).

Abstract translation: 一种用于产生激光脉冲的激光器包括：包含有源光学增益介质（102）和光谱滤波装置（104）的空腔;延迟装置（110），用于将光延迟预定延迟时间（Deltat）;装置（106） 用于从所述空腔提取一部分激光，将所述部分启动到所述延迟装置（110）中并将延迟部分返回到光学增益介质（102），控制装置（116）可操作以第一次激活增益介质 周期（C1）以产生具有小于延迟时间（Deltat）的持续时间的第一激光脉冲（LP1），并且在第一时间段（C2）的所述延迟部分激活第二时间段（C2）的增益介质 由延迟装置（UO）延迟的脉冲正在越过增益介质（102），从而产生具有比第一激光脉冲（LP1）更短的持续时间和更快的上升时间的第二激光脉冲（LP2），并输出 用于输出第二激光脉冲的装置（108） （LP2）。

公开(公告)号：US07583727B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-01

申请号：US10133408

申请日：2002-04-29

Applicant: Andre Rekai ,  Vladislav Narojnyi

Inventor： Andre Rekai ,  Vladislav Narojnyi

IPC: H04B3/46

CPC classification number: H04B3/46

Abstract: A DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone) test method is employed by a single test device to estimate the theoretical and practical data rates of a cable under test for a pair of target ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) DMT modems. The DMT test can also be used to analyze the cause of a problem, or to predict a problem, whereby a pair of ADSL DMT modems could fail to synchronize. The method includes (a) measuring the frequency characteristics of the cable with discrete tones; (b) measuring the cable noise and interference for every sub-channel of the whole bandwidth; (c) determining the theoretical and practical data rates for every sub-channel, based on the measured frequency characteristics and noise characteristics, as well as modem parameters selected by the user; and (d) estimating the theoretical and practical data rates for the ADSL bandwidth based on the ADSL DMT standard selected by the user.

Abstract translation: 单个测试设备采用DMT（Discrete Multi-Tone）测试方法来估计一对目标ADSL（非对称数字用户线路）DMT调制解调器的待测电缆的理论和实际数据速率。 DMT测试也可用于分析问题的原因或预测问题，由此一对ADSL DMT调制解调器可能无法同步。 该方法包括：（a）用离散色调测量电缆的频率特性; （b）测量整个带宽的每个子通道的电缆噪声和干扰; （c）基于测量的频率特性和噪声特性以及由用户选择的调制解调器参数来确定每个子信道的理论和实际数据速率; 和（d）基于用户选择的ADSL DMT标准估计ADSL带宽的理论和实际数据速率。

公开(公告)号：US06856398B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

申请号：US10281588

申请日：2002-10-23

Applicant: Bernard Ruchet

Inventor： Bernard Ruchet

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01M11/337 ,  G01M11/331 ,  G01M11/336

Abstract: Apparatus for making wavelength-resolved polarimetric measurements comprises an interferometric source (10,12), for example a broadband source (10) and an optical interferometer unit (12), and a polarization generator unit (16) for generating different states of polarization of light received from the interferometric source and applying same to a device-under-test (30). A polarimeter unit (20) receives and polarimetrically-analyzes light from the device-under-test, converts the polarimetrically-analyzed light into electrical signals, and, using Fast Fourier Transform numerical analysis, computes therefrom the wavelength-resolved polarimetric measurements. Placing the optical interferometer unit (10,12) “upstream” not only of the device-under-test (30), but also of the polarisation generator unit (16), means that the latter substantially eliminates polarization dependent effects introduced by the former. The polarimeter (20) can still perform the necessary transformation even though the interferogram has been passed through the polarisation generator unit and the device-under-test.

Abstract translation: 用于进行波长分辨偏振测量的装置包括干涉源（10,12），例如宽带源（10）和光干涉仪单元（12），以及偏振发生器单元（16），用于产生不同的偏振态 从干涉光源接收的光并将其施加到被测设备（30）。 偏振器单元（20）接收并极化分析来自被测器件的光，将偏振分析的光转换为电信号，并使用快速傅里叶变换数值分析，计算出波长分辨的偏振测量。 将光干涉仪单元（10,12）“上游”不仅被测器件（30）而且还包括偏振发生器单元（16），这意味着后者基本消除了由前者产生的偏振相关效应 。 即使干涉图已经通过偏振发生器单元和被测器件，旋光仪仍然可以进行必要的变换。

公开(公告)号：US20010030745A1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-18

申请号：US09753673

申请日：2001-01-04

Applicant: EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc.

Inventor： Gang He ,  Daniel Gariepy ,  Gregory Walter Schinn

IPC: G01J003/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/12

Abstract: An optical spectrum analyzer comprises a diffraction grating (DG), a polarization decomposing unit (PDM) for decomposing the input light beam into first and second light beams having mutually-perpendicular linear states of polarization, and two output ports (FP2/1, FP2/2) each for receiving from the grating, substantially exclusively, a respective one of the polarized light beams (LT, LR) after diffraction by the diffraction grating (DG). Each of the linearly-polarized light beams is directed onto the diffraction grating with its linear state of polarization at any prescribed angle to a corresponding plane of diffraction of the diffraction grating The arrangement is such that the state of polarization of the light beams, at any particular wavelength within an operating band of the analyzer remains substantially unchanged with respect to time, The analyzer also may have a reflector (RAM) for reflecting the light beams leaving the diffraction grating after diffraction a first time so as to return them to the diffraction grating for diffraction a second time.

Abstract translation: 光谱分析仪包括衍射光栅（DG），用于将输入光束分解成具有相互垂直的极化状态的第一和第二光束的偏振分解单元（PDM）和两个输出端口（FP2 / 1，FP2 / 2），每个用于在衍射光栅（DG）衍射之后从光栅接收基本上仅相应的一个偏振光束（LT，LR）。 每个线性偏振光束以与其衍射光栅的相应衍射平面成任意规定角度的线性极化状态被引导到衍射光栅上。这种布置使得光束的偏振状态 分析仪的工作频带内的特定波长相对于时间保持基本不变。分析仪还可以具有用于在衍射之后第一次反射离开衍射光栅的光束的反射器（RAM），以便将它们返回到衍射光栅 用于衍射第二次。

公开(公告)号：US5754284A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

申请号：US728032

申请日：1996-10-09

Applicant: Michel Leblanc ,  Robert Larose ,  Robert Tremblay

Inventor： Michel Leblanc ,  Robert Larose ,  Robert Tremblay

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/88

CPC classification number: G01M11/3109

Abstract: An optical time domain reflectometer suitable for determining its front panel insertion loss comprises a four-port coupler having first and second ports connected to a light source and an optical detector, respectively, and third and fourth ports connected to a front panel connector and a reference reflector, respectively. In use, a fiber-under-test is connected to the front panel connector. The coupler splits light from the light source between the front panel connector and the reference reflector and couples light returning from the front panel connector and reflector to the detector. The optical path between the front panel connector and the coupler is longer than the optical path between the reference reflector and the coupler by such a distance that a Fresnel reflection pulse from the reference reflector, produced by a pulse emitted by the light source, will be received by the detector before a corresponding reflection pulse returned from the front panel connector. In order to ensure that the two reflection pulses can be distinguished from each other, the difference between the two optical paths is greater than a distance equal to an event dead zone for the particular width of pulse supplied by said light source. The reference reflector comprises an end portion of a length of optical fiber, preferably encapsulated with a material having a refractive index different from that of the length of optical fiber. The OTDR facilitates miniaturization because it avoids the use of an internal length of reference fiber.

Abstract translation: 适合于确定其前面板插入损耗的光学时域反射计包括分别连接到光源和光学检测器的第一和第二端口的四端口耦合器，以及连接到前面板连接器和参考的第三和第四端口 反射器。 在使用中，被测光纤被连接到前面板连接器。 耦合器将来自光源的光分离在前面板连接器和参考反射器之间，将从前面板连接器和反射器返回的光耦合到检测器。 前面板连接器和耦合器之间的光路比参考反射器和耦合器之间的光路长一点距离，使得由光源发射的脉冲产生的来自参考反射器的菲涅耳反射脉冲将是 在从前面板连接器返回的相应的反射脉冲之前由检测器接收。 为了确保两个反射脉冲可以彼此区分，两个光路之间的差大于等于由所述光源提供的特定脉冲宽度的事件死区的距离。 参考反射器包括一段长度的光纤的端部，优选用折射率不同于光纤长度的材料封装。 OTDR有助于小型化，因为它避免了使用内部长度的参考光纤。