The present invention belongs to the field of super-hydrophobic surface technology, and discloses a durable hydrophilic-super-hydrophobic bipolar self-cleaning composite film and a preparation method therefor. The preparation method is as follows: adding an epoxy silane coupling agent into an organic solvent; after stirring and mixing well, adding an amine curing agent and distilled water to the mixture; stirring and adding micron-sized solid particles and hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide particles; continuing stirring to obtain a hydrophilic layer solution; adding a hydrophobic modifier and a hydrophilic nano silicon dioxide particles into the solvent to obtain a hydrophobic layer solution; coating a pretreated substrate surface with the hydrophilic layer solution, and performing heating treatment at 60° C. to 80° C. for 10-50 min; then coating the surface with the hydrophobic layer solution, and performing heating treatment at 100° C. to 140° C. for 50-90 min to obtain the durable hydrophilic-super-hydrophobic bipolar self-cleaning composite film. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, and the super-hydrophobic surface of the obtained composite film has strong mechanical durability and a good industrial application prospect.