Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing alkylaryl sulfonates, the alkylaryl sulfonates obtained according to said method, alcohol mixtures and olefin mixtures obtained as intermediate products, alkylaromatic compounds obtained therefrom, the use of said alkylaryl sulfonates as surfactants, and detergents containing said surfactants.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing oligomers, primarily consisting of repeating units, derived from 1 or 2-butene, from a hydrocarbon stream that essentially consists of branched and linear hydrocarbon compounds with 4 carbon atoms and contains olefinically branched and linear hydrocarbon compounds with 4 carbon atoms (parent stream C4). According to said method, the parent stream C4 is brought into contact with a membrane.
Abstract:
The production of alkylaryl compounds comprises the following stages: a) reaction of a C4/C5 olefin mixture on a metathesis catalyst to produce a C 4-8 olefin mixture containing 2-pentene and the optional isolation of the C 4-8 olefin mixture; b) isolation of between 5 and 100 % of the 2-pentene obtained in step a) and subsequent reaction on an isomerisation catalyst to form a mixture of 2-pentene and 1-pentene, which is returned to stage a); c) dimerisation of the C 4-8 olefin mixture obtained in stage b) after the isolation process, to form a mixture containing C 8-16 olefins, isolation of the C 8-16 olefins and optional isolation of a partial stream of the latter; d) reaction of the C 8-16 olefin mixtures obtained in stage c) or the partial stream with an aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of an alkylation catalyst, to form alkyl aromatic compounds, whereby prior to the reaction an additional 0 to 60 wt. % linear olefins, in relation to the C 8-16 olefin mixtures obtained in stage c), can be added; e) optional sulphonation of the alkyl aromatic compounds obtained in stage d) and neutralisation to form alkylaryl sulphonates, whereby prior to the sulphonation an additional 0 to 60 wt. % linear alkyl benzols, in relation to the alkyl aromatic compounds obtained in stage d), can be added, provided that there were no admixtures in stage d); f) optional mixing of the alkylaryl sulphonates obtained in stage e) with between 0 and 60 wt. %, linear alkylaryl sulphonates, in relation to the alkylaryl sulphonates obtained in stage e), provided that there were no admixtures in stages d) and e).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing phthalic acid anhydride. In a first step, o-xylol is partially oxidized with oxygen in a reactor in the liquid phase and in the presence of an added catalyst, said oxygen being optionally mixed with an inert gas. A fraction containing unreacted xylol is distilled off from the partially oxidized mixture and returned to the first step. In a second step, the partially oxidized mixture enriched with xylol is oxidized in the gas phase to produce phthalic acid anhydride. According to the invention, toluol is separated from the fraction containing the unreacted xylol that was distilled off, preferably in the form of an azeotrope with water. By separating off the toluol, it is possible to prevent the formation of hot spots in the second step of the reaction, which improves the selectivity of the reaction overall.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of an oligomerisation catalyst for olefins with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, comprising treating aluminium oxide with a nickel compound and a sulphur compound. The treatment may occur simultaneously, or with the nickel compound first and, subsequently, with the sulphur compound. The catalyst obtained thus, is finally dried and calcified, whereby said prepared catalyst, as obtained, is adjusted to give a molar ratio of sulphur to nickel of from 0.25: 1 to 0.38: 1. The catalyst and its use are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Process for oligomerizing an alkene stream over a solid catalyst comprising sulfur and nickel, in which the oligomerization is carried out in two or more successive catalyst zones and the molar ratio of sulfur to nickel in the first catalyst zone is less than 0.5 and that in the last catalyst zone is 0.5 or more and, in the case of further catalyst zones between the first and last catalyst zones, the molar ratio of sulfur to nickel in each catalyst zone is not less than that in the immediately preceding catalyst zone, based on the main flow direction of the feed stream.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyol alkyl ethers by reacting compounds comprising at least three hydroxyl functionalities with olefins in the presence of acidic catalysts at temperatures of from 20 to 250° C. and pressures of from 0.5 to 10 bar, wherein the olefins correspond to the general formula (I) in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is a linear or branched carbon radical having from 7 to 28 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 are each linear or branched carbon radicals having from 1 to 27 carbon atoms, the sum of the carbon number of R1 and R2 being at most 28, to polyol alkyl ethers derived from compounds having at least three hydroxyl functionalities, not more than all but one hydroxyl functionality being replaced by a moiety of the general formula (VIII) to the use of these polyol alkyl ethers as surfactants and to laundry detergents and cleaning compositions comprising these polyol alkyl ethers.