Abstract:
The invention relates to a liquid cooling device in an internal combustion engine (11) and to a process for manufacturing same. The device according to the invention comprises a cooling circuit (13) having at least one cooling duct (23, 24, 41) for a liquid coolant, the duct being in thermal contact with at least one component (12a, 12b, 31) of the internal combustion engine (11). A wall of the cooling duct (23, 24, 41) that comes into contact with the coolant comprises in at least one partial zone a microstructured surface with a certain porosity and roughness. According to the invention, this device is produced by forming a cooling circuit for a liquid coolant, the circuit comprising cooling ducts that can be brought at least in part into thermal contact with the internal combustion engine, and by generating a microstructured surface on at least part of the walls of the cooling ducts that come into contact with the liquid coolant.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the dealkylation of alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, such as for example toluol or other monoalkyl- or polyalkyl-substituted benzols or higher aromatics, to obtain benzol with the aid of water vapour in the presence of a catalyst that contains a support comprising zirconium oxide and rhodium. The invention also relates to the aforementioned catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for dealkylating alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons with the aid of water vapour in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst, by means of a gas containing oxygen.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the aromatisation of non-aromatic hydrocarbons with 6 or more carbon atoms in the presence of water vapour and a catalyst that contains a support comprising zirconium oxide, in addition to tin and platinum in a ratio of at least 1. The invention also relates to the aforementioned catalyst.
Abstract:
The evaporation of thermally sensitive substances is carried out in an evaporator with a porously structured surface on the product side, where the temperature difference between the product side surface of the evaporator and the temperature of the evaporating product is limited to 0.1-10[deg]C. A falling film evaporator or a thin layer evaporator can be used. An independent claim is included for a falling film evaporator to carry out the above process.