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公开(公告)号：WO0211239A9
公开(公告)日：2003-06-12
申请号：PCT/US0124516
申请日：2001-07-31
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SIEVENPIPER DANIEL , LYNCH JONATHAN J , LOO ROBERT Y , PARK PYONG K
CPC classification number: H01Q15/0066 , H01Q3/44 , H01Q3/46
Abstract: A multiple band reconfigurable reflecting antenna array and method for mulitple band operationand beam steering. An array of dipole antennas is disposed on a multiple band high impedancesurface. The antenna array is reconfigured by changing the length of the dipole elements, tothereby change the dipoles resonant frequency. At a given frequency band, small changes in dipole length allow to steer the reflected beam in the selected direction; whether large changes indipole length permit to switch the operating frequency band. A method of broadening thebandwith of a high impedance surface is also exposed.
Abstract translation: 一种多波段可重构反射天线阵列及多波段操作和波束转向的方法。 偶极天线阵列设置在多波段高阻抗表面上。 通过改变偶极子元件的长度来改变天线阵列，从而改变偶极谐振频率。 在给定的频带，偶极长度的小变化允许沿所选方向转向反射光束; 无论是大变化，还是允许切换工作频带。 还暴露了使阻带表面变宽的方法。
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公开(公告)号：WO03028059A8
公开(公告)日：2003-07-31
申请号：PCT/US0229629
申请日：2002-09-18
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC , UNIV CALIFORNIA
Inventor： SCHAFFNER JAMES H , TANGONAN GREGORY L , SCHWARTZ ROBERT N , WU MING , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , SCHMITZ ADELE E , LOO ROBERT Y
CPC classification number: H01H59/0009 , H01G5/18 , H01G5/40 , H01H1/20 , H01H2059/0018 , H01H2059/0072 , H01H2059/0081
Abstract: A micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) switch (124) formed on a substrate (110), the switch comprising a transmission line (114) formed on the substrate, a substrate electrostatic plate (120) formed on the substrate, and an actuating portion (126). The actuating portion comprises a cantilever anchor formed on the substrate and a cantilevered actuator arm (130) extending from the cantilever anchor. Attraction of the actuator arm toward the substrate brings an electrical contact (134) into engagement with the portions of the transmission line (114) separated by a gap, thus bridging the transmission line gap and closing the circuit. In order to maximize electrical isolation between the transmission line (114) and the electrical contact (134) in an OFF-state while maintaining a low actuation voltage, the actuator arm (130) is bent such that the minimum separation distance between the transmission line (114) and the electrical contact (134) is equal to or greater than the maximum separation distance between the substrate electrostatic plate (120) and arm electrostatic plate (132).
Abstract translation: 形成在基板（110）上的微机电系统（MEMS）开关（124），所述开关包括形成在所述基板上的传输线（114），形成在所述基板上的基板静电板（120） （126）。 致动部分包括形成在基底上的悬臂锚杆和从悬臂锚杆延伸的悬臂致动器臂（130）。 致动器臂朝向基板的吸引使电触点（134）与由间隙分开的传输线（114）的部分接合，从而桥接传输线间隙并闭合电路。 为了在保持低致动电压的同时使OFF状态下的传输线（114）和电接触（134）之间的电隔离最大化，致动器臂（130）被弯曲，使得传输线 （114）和电触头（134）等于或大于基板静电板（120）和臂静电板（132）之间的最大间隔距离。
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公开(公告)号：WO0211239A2
公开(公告)日：2002-02-07
申请号：PCT/US0124516
申请日：2001-07-31
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SIEVENPIPER DANIEL , LYNCH JONATHAN J , LOO ROBERT Y , PARK PYONG K
CPC classification number: H01Q15/0066 , H01Q3/44 , H01Q3/46
Abstract: A multiple band reconfigurable reflecting antenna array and method for mulitple band operationand beam steering. An array of dipole antennas is disposed on a multiple band high impedancesurface. The antenna array is reconfigured by changing the length of the dipole elements, tothereby change the dipoles resonant frequency. At a given frequency band, small changes in dipole length allow to steer the reflected beam in the selected direction; whether large changes indipole length permit to switch the operating frequency band. A method of broadening thebandwith of a high impedance surface is also exposed.
Abstract translation: 一种多波段可重构反射天线阵列及多波段操作和波束转向的方法。 偶极天线阵列设置在多波段高阻抗表面上。 通过改变偶极子元件的长度来改变天线阵列，从而改变偶极谐振频率。 在给定的频带，偶极长度的小变化允许沿所选方向转向反射光束; 无论是大变化，还是允许切换工作频带。 还暴露了使阻带表面变宽的方法。
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公开(公告)号：GB2393850A
公开(公告)日：2004-04-07
申请号：GB0316746
申请日：2002-01-11
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： LOO ROBERT Y , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SCHMITZ ADELE E , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , DOLEZAL FRANKLIN A , TANGONAN GREGORY L
Abstract: Apparatus for a micro-electro-mechanical switch that provides single pole, double throw switching action. The switch comprises a single RF input line and two RF output lines. The switch additionally comprises two armatures, each mechanically connected to a substrate at one end and having a conducting transmission line at the other end with a suspended biasing electrode located on top of or within a structural layer of the armature. Each conducting transmission line has conducting dimples that protrude beyond the bottom of the armature carrying the conducting transmission line. Closure of an armature causes the dimples of the corresponding conducting transmission line to mechanically and electrically engage the RF input line and the corresponding RF output line, thus directing RF energy from the RF input line to the selected RF output line.
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公开(公告)号：WO02059977A3
公开(公告)日：2003-04-03
申请号：PCT/US0200827
申请日：2002-01-11
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC , LOO ROBERT Y , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SCHMITZ ADELE E , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , DOLEZAL FRANKLIN A , TANGONAN GREGORY L
Inventor： LOO ROBERT Y , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SCHMITZ ADELE E , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , DOLEZAL FRANKLIN A , TANGONAN GREGORY L
CPC classification number: H01H59/0009
Abstract: Apparatus for a micro-electro-mechanical switch that provides single pole, double throw switching action. The switch comprises a single RF input line and two RF output lines. The switch additionally comprises two armatures, each mechanically connected to a substrate at one end and having a conducting transmission line at the other end with a suspended biasing electrode located on top of or within a structural layer of the armature. Each conducting transmission line has conducting dimples that protrude beyond the bottom of the armature carrying the conducting transmission line. Closure of an armature causes the dimples of the corresponding conducting transmission line to mechanically and electrically engage the RF input line and the corresponding RF output line, thus directing RF energy from the RF input line to the selected RF output line.
Abstract translation: 用于微机电开关的装置，其提供单极双掷切换动作。 该开关包括单个RF输入线和两个RF输出线。 开关另外包括两个电枢，每个电枢在一端机械地连接到基板，并且在另一端处具有导电传输线，其中悬置的偏置电极位于电枢的结构层的顶部或内部。 每个导电传输线具有突出超过承载导电传输线的电枢的底部的导电凹坑。 衔铁的闭合导致相应的导电传输线的凹坑机械地和电气地接合RF输入线和相应的RF输出线，从而将RF能量从RF输入线引导到所选择的RF输出线。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：WO02075841A3
公开(公告)日：2002-12-19
申请号：PCT/US0203661
申请日：2002-02-06
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC , RAYTHEON CO , LIVINGSTON STAN W , LEE JAR J , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , LOO ROBERT Y
Inventor： LIVINGSTON STAN W , LEE JAR J , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , LOO ROBERT Y
CPC classification number: H01Q13/10 , H01Q3/24 , H01Q21/064 , H01Q21/22
Abstract: A reconfigurable wide band phased array antenna for generating multiple antennabeams for multiple transmit and receive functions. The antenna array comprises multiplelong non-resonant TEM slot antenna apertures with RF MEMS switches disposedwithin the slots. The RF MEMS switches are positioned directly within the feed linesacross the slots to directly control the coupling of RF energy to the slots. Mulitple RFMEMS switches are used within each slot, which allows multiple transmit/receive functions and/or multiple frequencies to be supported by each slot. The frequencycoverage provided by the slot antenna has a greater than 10:1 frequency range.
Abstract translation: 可重构的宽带相控阵天线，用于产生多个发射和接收功能的多个天线。 该天线阵列包括多个非谐振TEM槽天线孔径，其中RF槽开关被设置。 RF MEMS开关直接位于插槽的馈电线内，以直接控制RF能量与插槽的耦合。 多个RFMEMS交换机在每个时隙内使用，这允许每个时隙支持多个发送/接收功能和/或多个频率。 缝隙天线提供的频率覆盖范围大于10：1。
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公开(公告)号：WO2004047216A3
公开(公告)日：2004-07-22
申请号：PCT/US0336608
申请日：2003-11-13
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , LOO ROBERT Y
Inventor： SCHAFFNER JAMES H , LOO ROBERT Y
CPC classification number: H01P1/127 , H01H59/0009 , H01H67/22
Abstract: A broadband multiple input, multiple output switch matrix. The switch matrix comprises multiple crosspoint switch element tiles. Each tile comprises RF MEMS switches disposed on a substrate to provide a crosspoint switching capability. The crosspoint switch element tiles are disposed in a flip-chip manner on the upper side of an RF substrate that provides RF connectivity between the various crosspoint switch element tiles. A bias line substrate disposed on the lower side of the RF substrate receives control signals for the crosspoint switch element tiles and routes the signals through the RF substrate using vias in the RF substrate.
Abstract translation: 宽带多输入，多输出开关矩阵。 开关矩阵包括多个交叉点开关元件瓦片。 每个瓦片包括设置在基板上以提供交叉点切换能力的RF MEMS开关。 交叉点开关元件瓦片以倒装芯片方式设置在RF基板的上侧上，其在各种交叉点开关元件瓦片之间提供RF连接。 设置在RF衬底下侧的偏置线路衬底接收交叉点开关元件瓦片的控制信号，并使用RF衬底中的通孔将信号路由通过RF衬底。
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公开(公告)号：WO0135433A3
公开(公告)日：2001-12-27
申请号：PCT/US0023197
申请日：2000-08-23
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： CHOW LAP-WAI , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , HYMAN DANIEL J , LOO ROBERT Y , OUYANG PAUL , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SCHMITZ ADELE , SCHWARTZ ROBERT N
CPC classification number: B81C1/00246 , B81B2201/014 , B81C2201/014 , B81C2203/0714 , B81C2203/0735 , H01H1/58 , H01H59/0009 , H01H2001/0057
Abstract: A microelectromechanical (MEM) switch is fabricated inexpensively by using processing steps which are standard for fabricating multiple metal layer integrated circuits, such as CMOS. The exact steps may be adjusted to be compatible with the process of a particular foundry, resulting in a device which is both low cost and readily integrable with other circuits. The processing steps include making contacts for the MEM switch from metal plugs which are ordinarily used as viasto connect metal layers which are separated by a dielectric layer. Such contact vias are formed on either side of a sacrificial metallization area, and then the interconnect metallization is removed from between the contact vias, leaving them separated. Dielectric surrounding the contacts is etched back so that they protrude towards each other. Thus, when the contacts are moved towards each other by actuating the MEM switch, they connect firmly without obstruction. Tungsten is typically used to form vias in CMOS processes, and it makes an excellent contact material, but other via metals may also be employed as contacts. Interconnect metallization may be employed for other structural and interconnect needs of the MEM switch, and is preferably standard for the foundry and process used. Various metals and dielectric materials may be used to create the switches, but in a preferred embodiment the interconnect metal layers are aluminum and the dielectric material is SiO2, materials which are fully compatible with standard four-layer CMOS fabrication processes.
Abstract translation: 通过使用标准制造多个金属层集成电路（如CMOS）的处理步骤，廉价地制造了微机电（MEM）开关。 可以将精确的步骤调整为与特定代工厂的过程兼容，从而导致低成本且易于与其他电路集成的装置。 处理步骤包括从通常用作通过电介质层分离的永久连接的金属层的金属插头形成用于MEM开关的触点。 这种接触通孔形成在牺牲金属化区域的任一侧，然后从接触通孔之间移除互连金属化，使它们分开。 围绕触点的介质被回蚀，使得它们彼此突出。 因此，当通过致动MEM开关使触点彼此移动时，它们牢固地连接而不阻塞。 钨通常用于在CMOS工艺中形成通孔，并且它制成优良的接触材料，但也可以使用其它通孔金属作为接触。 互连金属化可以用于MEM开关的其他结构和互连需求，并且优选地是用于所使用的铸造和工艺的标准。 可以使用各种金属和介电材料来制造开关，但是在优选实施例中，互连金属层是铝，并且介电材料是SiO 2，与标准四层CMOS制造工艺完全兼容的材料。
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公开(公告)号：GB2394362A
公开(公告)日：2004-04-21
申请号：GB0400095
申请日：2002-07-11
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： SIEVENPIPER DANIEL , SCHMITZ ADELE E , SCHAFFNER JAMES H , TANGONAN GREGORY L , HSU TSUNG-YUAN , LOO ROBERT Y , MILES ROBERT S
Abstract: A flexible antenna array comprises a plurality of layers of thin metal and a flexible insulating medium arranged as a sandwich of layers. Each layer of the sandwich is patterned as needed to define: (i) antenna segments patterned in one of the metal layers, (ii) an array of metallic top elements formed in a layer spaced from the antenna segments, the array metallic top elements, being patterned in another metal layer, (iii) a metallic ground plane formed in a layer spaced from the array of metallic top elements, the metallic ground plane having been formed from still another metal layer, and (iv) inductive elements coupling each of the top elements in the array of metallic top elements with said ground plan. An array of remotely controlled switches are provided for coupling selected ones of said antenna segments together.
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公开(公告)号：AU8107301A
公开(公告)日：2002-02-13
申请号：AU8107301
申请日：2001-07-31
Applicant: HRL LAB LLC
Inventor： SCHAFFNER JAMES H , SIEVENPIPER DANIEL , LYNCH JONATHAN J , LOO ROBERT Y , PARK PYONG K
Abstract: A multiple band reconfigurable reflecting antenna array and method for multiple band operation and beam steering. An array of dipole antennas is disposed on a multiple band high impedance surface. The antenna array is reconfigured by changing the length of the dipole elements, to thereby change the dipoles resonant frequency. At a given frequency band, small changes in dipole length allow to steer the reflected beam in the selected direction; whether large changes in dipole length permit to switch the operating frequency band. A method of broadening the bandwidth of a high impedance surface is also exposed.
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