Abstract:
Various embodiments include systems and methods to provide selectable variable gain to signals in measurements using incident radiation. The selectable variable gain may be used to normalize signals modulated in measurements using incident radiation. The selectable variable gain may be attained using a number of different techniques or various combinations of these techniques. These techniques may include modulating a modulator having modulating elements in which at least one modulating element acts on incident radiation differently from another modulating element of the modulator, modulating the use of electronic components in electronic circuitry of a detector, modulating a source of radiation or combinations thereof. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
Abstract:
In a method of controlling a lighting unit of a display, a maximum value of ambient light intensity is determined (156). Ambient light intensity is sensed (154) from a first direction relative to the display and from a second direction, different from the first direction, relative to the display. The lighting unit is driven so that light from the lighting unit has a low intensity (172) when the maximum value is less than a first intensity threshold and so that light from the lighting unit has a high intensity, greater than the low intensity, when the maximum value is greater than a second intensity threshold.
Abstract:
An instrument and method for optically calibrating and balancing low level luminances of lighted instrument panel displays within the operator station of a vehicle is described which comprises a self-contained, calibrated luminance source and a beamsplitter for combining and juxtaposing an image of the calibrated luminance source with an image of the luminance from a lighted instrument panel display to be calibrated or balanced, whereby the images may be compared in luminance, the lighted instrument panel display being adjustable in intensity using the vehicle instrument panel light trim capability.
Abstract:
An input screen for radiological image intensifier tube that includes a scintillator (12), deposited on an aluminum substrate (10), which converts incident X-photons into visible photons which then go on to excite a photocathode (16). Previously, the luminous photons produced by the scintillator were emitted towards and were reflected by the aluminum layer; but this reflection reduces the resolution. According to the invention, in order to suppress this reflection, an input screen--in which a thin layer (20), transparent or slightly absorbent to the wavelengths emitted by the scintillator and or size to cause an anti-reflecting effect--is interposed between the aluminum substrate and the scintillator. Choices of anti-reflecting slightly absorbent layer include indium oxide, or alternatively antimony, tin or bismuth oxide, or a combination of these oxides, such as indium-tin oxide. The thickness is from a few hundred to a few thousand angstroms.