公开(公告)号：US08148679B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-03

申请号：US12513944

申请日：2007-11-07

Applicant: Alexander Makarov ,  Reinhold Pesch ,  Robert Malek ,  Viacheslav Kozlovskiy

Inventor： Alexander Makarov ,  Reinhold Pesch ,  Robert Malek ,  Viacheslav Kozlovskiy

IPC: H01J37/301 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/24 ,  H01J3/18

CPC classification number: H01J49/062 ,  H01J3/14

Abstract: An ion transfer arrangement for transporting ions between higher and lower pressure regions of the mass spectrometer comprises an ion transfer conduit 60. The conduit 60 has an inlet opening towards a relatively high pressure chamber 40 and an outlet 70 opening towards a relatively low pressure chamber. The conduit 60 also has at least one side wall surrounding an ion transfer channel 115. The side wall includes a plurality of apertures 140 formed in the longitudinal direction of the side wall so as to permit a flow of gas from within the ion transfer channel 115 to a lower pressure region outside of the side wall of the conduit 60.

Abstract translation: 用于在质谱仪的较高和较低压力区域之间输送离子的离子传递装置包括离子传递管道60.导管60具有朝向较高压力室40的入口开口和朝向较低压力室开口的出口70。 导管60还具有围绕离子传递通道115的至少一个侧壁。侧壁包括在侧壁的纵向方向上形成的多个孔140，以允许来自离子传递通道115内的气体流 到导管60的侧壁外侧的较低压力区域。

公开(公告)号：US07932491B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-26

申请号：US12365354

申请日：2009-02-04

Applicant: Marvin L. Vestal

Inventor： Marvin L. Vestal

IPC: H01J49/00

CPC classification number: H01J3/14 ,  H01J49/004 ,  H01J49/061 ,  H01J49/40

Abstract: A mass spectrometer includes a pulsed ion source that generates an ion beam comprising a plurality of ions. A first timed ion selector passes a first group of ions. A first ion mirror generates a reflected ion beam comprising the first group of ions that at least partially compensates for an initial kinetic energy distribution of the first group of ions. A second timed ion selector passes a second group of ions. A second ion mirror generates a reflected ion beam comprising the second group of ions that at least partially compensates for an initial kinetic energy distribution of the second group of ions. A timed ion deflector deflects the second group of ions to a detector assembly comprising at least two ion detectors which detects the deflected ion beam.

Abstract translation: 质谱仪包括产生包含多个离子的离子束的脉冲离子源。 第一定时离子选择器通过第一组离子。 第一离子镜产生包含至少部分地补偿第一组离子的初始动能分布的第一组离子的反射离子束。 第二个定时离子选择器通过第二组离子。 第二离子镜产生包含至少部分地补偿第二组离子的初始动能分布的第二组离子的反射离子束。 定时离子偏转器将第二组离子偏转到包括至少两个检测偏转离子束的离子检测器的检测器组件。

公开(公告)号：US20100255984A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-07

申请号：US12753281

申请日：2010-04-02

Applicant: Peter Werner Sutter ,  Eli Anguelova Sutter

Inventor： Peter Werner Sutter ,  Eli Anguelova Sutter

IPC: B01J21/18 ,  C01B31/04 ,  H01B1/04 ,  H01B1/02 ,  B01J23/46 ,  B32B5/00 ,  G02B5/10 ,  H01J3/14

CPC classification number: H05H3/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/188 ,  C01B2204/04 ,  G02B1/105 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/10 ,  H01J3/14 ,  H01J2201/30461

Abstract: Graphene is a single atomic layer of sp2-bonded C atoms densely packed into a two-dimensional honeycomb crystal lattice. A method of forming structurally perfect and defect-free graphene films comprising individual mono crystalline domains with in-plane lateral dimensions of up to 200 μm or more is presented. This is accomplished by controlling the temperature-dependent solubility of interstitial C of a transition metal substrate having a suitable surface structure. At elevated temperatures, C is incorporated into the bulk at higher concentrations. As the substrate is cooled, a lowering of the interstitial C solubility drives a significant amount of C atoms to the surface where graphene islands nucleate and gradually increase in size with continued cooling. Ru(0001) is selected as a model system and electron microscopy is used to observe graphene growth during cooling from elevated temperatures. With controlled cooling, large arrays of macroscopic single-crystalline graphene domains covering the entire transition metal surface are produced. As the graphene domains coalesce to a complete layer, a second graphene layer is formed, etc. By controlling the interstitial C concentration and the cooling rate, graphene layers with thickness up to 10 atomic layers or more are formed in a controlled, layer-by-layer fashion.

Abstract translation: 石墨烯是密集填充到二维蜂窝晶格中的sp2键合的C原子的单原子层。 提出了一种形成结构完美和无缺陷的石墨烯薄膜的方法，其包括单面单晶畴，其面内横向尺寸高达200μm以上。 这通过控制具有合适表面结构的过渡金属基底的间隙C的温度依赖性溶解度来实现。 在升高的温度下，C以更高的浓度加入到本体中。 当衬底被冷却时，间隙C溶解度的降低将大量的C原子驱动到石墨烯岛成核的表面上并随着冷却逐渐增大。 选择Ru（0001）作为模型系统，并且使用电子显微镜观察从高温冷却期间的石墨烯生长。 通过受控冷却，产生覆盖整个过渡金属表面的宏观单晶石墨烯畴的大阵列。 当石墨烯畴结合到完整的层时，形成第二个石墨烯层等。通过控制间隙C浓度和冷却速率，在受控的层间形成厚度达10个原子层或更多层的石墨烯层 时尚流行。

公开(公告)号：US20090283674A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-19

申请号：US11833209

申请日：2007-08-02

Applicant: Reinhold Pesch

Inventor： Reinhold Pesch

IPC: H01J49/04

CPC classification number: H01J49/062 ,  H01J3/14

Abstract: An interface for atmospheric pressure ionization sources has an ion transfer tube with a plurality of passageways through a sidewall such that background gas can be pumped away before it reaches an exit end of the ion transfer tube. A flow of the background gas out the exit end is reduced, and a proportion of laminar flow in the ion transfer tube may be increased. Pressure in the ion transfer tube is also reduced and desolvation is increased. In one embodiment, an enclosure surrounds an inner tube of the ion transfer tube within a first vacuum chamber such that the enclosure provides a reduced pressure region within the first vacuum chamber. Overall, transport efficiency is increased.

Abstract translation: 用于大气压电离源的界面具有离子传输管，其具有通过侧壁的多个通道，使得背景气体可以在其到达离子传输管的出口端之前被泵送。 离开出口端的背景气体的流量减少，离子传输管中的层流的比例可能增加。 离子转移管中的压力也降低，并且去溶剂化增加。 在一个实施例中，外壳围绕第一真空室内的离子传输管的内管，使得外壳在第一真空室内提供减压区域。 总体而言，运输效率提高。

公开(公告)号：US07514673B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-07

申请号：US11764100

申请日：2007-06-15

Applicant: Michael W. Senko ,  Viatcheslav V. Kovtoun

Inventor： Michael W. Senko ,  Viatcheslav V. Kovtoun

IPC: H01J3/14 ,  B01D59/44

CPC classification number: H01J3/14 ,  H01J49/065

Abstract: A device for transporting and focusing ions in a low vacuum or atmospheric-pressure region of a mass spectrometer is constructed from a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart electrodes to which oscillatory (e.g., radio-frequency) voltages are applied. In order to create a tapered field that focuses ions to a narrow beam near the device exit, the inter-electrode spacing or the oscillatory voltage amplitude is increased in the direction of ion travel.

Abstract translation: 用于在质谱仪的低真空或大气压区域中输送和聚焦离子的装置由多个纵向间隔开的电极构成，施加振荡（例如，射频）电压。 为了创建将离子聚焦到设备出口附近的窄波束的锥形场，电离间隔或振荡电压振幅在离子行进方向上增加。

公开(公告)号：USH116H

公开(公告)日：1986-09-02

申请号：US773755

申请日：1985-09-09

Applicant: Robert B. Palmer

Inventor： Robert B. Palmer

IPC: G21K1/00 ,  H01J3/14 ,  H05H9/00

CPC classification number: G21K1/00 ,  H01J3/14 ,  H05H9/00

Abstract: A readily disposable and replaceable accelerator grating for a relativistic particle accelerator. The grating is formed for a plurality of liquid droplets that are directed in precisely positioned jet streams to periodically dispose rows of droplets along the borders of a predetermined particle beam path. A plurality of lasers are used to direct laser beams into the droplets, at predetermined angles, thereby to excite the droplets to support electromagnetic accelerating resonances on their surfaces. Those resonances operate to accelerate and focus particles moving along the beam path. As the droplets are distorted or destroyed by the incoming radiation, they are replaced at a predetermined frequency by other droplets supplied through the jet streams.

公开(公告)号：US4590379A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

申请号：US418794

申请日：1982-09-16

Applicant: Frederick W. Martin

Inventor： Frederick W. Martin

IPC: H01J3/14 ,  H01J37/147 ,  H01J29/58 ,  H01J29/70

CPC classification number: H01J37/1474 ,  H01J3/14

Abstract: The process of achromatic deflection by substantially uniform, crossed electric and magnetic fields with certain magnitudes. When the magnetic force is opposite to the electric force and twice as large, deflection is independent of particle velocity. An achromatic deflector produced by proper excitation of the poles of an achromatic quadrupole lens by means of suitable power supplies, without additional parts within the lens. An achromatic quadrupole lens having no yoke and only four electrodes, suitable for deflections varying at high frequency.

Abstract translation: 基本均匀，交叉的电场和磁场具有一定幅度的消色差偏转过程。 当磁力与电力相反并且两倍大时，偏转与粒子速度无关。 通过合适的电源适当地激励无彩色四极透镜的极点产生的无彩色偏转器，而镜片内没有附加部件。 没有轭的消色差四极透镜，只有四个电极，适用于高频变化的偏转。

公开(公告)号：US09105437B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-11

申请号：US13829130

申请日：2013-03-14

Applicant: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute

Inventor： Sungyoul Choi ,  Yoon-Ho Song

IPC: H01J3/14 ,  G21K1/08 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J29/58 ,  H01J29/48 ,  H01J29/51 ,  H01J29/82

CPC classification number: H01J35/065 ,  H01J3/14 ,  H01J29/481 ,  H01J29/488 ,  H01J29/51 ,  H01J29/58 ,  H01J29/82 ,  H01J35/14

Abstract: Provided is a field emission X-ray tube. The field emission X-ray tube includes a cathode electrode provided on one end of a vacuum container, including a field emission emitter; a gate electrode provided inside the vacuum container to be adjacent to the cathode electrode, including a first opening; a focusing electrode electrically connected to the gate electrode and provided on one surface of the gate electrode to be farther from the cathode electrode than the gate electrode while including a second opening with a greater width than that of the first opening; and an anode electrode provided inside the vacuum container on another end thereof in a direction where the vacuum container is extended. A height of the focusing electrode is identical to the width of the second opening, and wherein the width of the first opening is ⅓ or less of the second opening.

Abstract translation: 提供场发射X射线管。 场发射X射线管包括设置在真空容器的一端的阴极，包括场致发射体; 设置在所述真空容器内的与所述阴极电极相邻的栅电极，包括第一开口; 电极连接到所述栅电极并且设置在所述栅电极的一个表面上以比所述栅电极更远离所述阴极的聚焦电极，同时包括具有比所述第一开口的宽度更大的第二开口; 以及在真空容器延伸的方向的另一端设置在真空容器的内部的阳极电极。 聚焦电极的高度与第二开口的宽度相同，并且其中第一开口的宽度为第二开口的1/3或更小。

公开(公告)号：US08859961B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-14

申请号：US13345392

申请日：2012-01-06

Applicant: Gershon Perelman ,  Trygve Ristroph

Inventor： Gershon Perelman ,  Trygve Ristroph

IPC: H01J49/06

CPC classification number: H01J49/066 ,  H01J3/14 ,  H01J49/062 ,  H01J49/067

Abstract: Ion guides for use in mass spectrometry (MS) systems are described. The ion guides are configured to provide a reflective electrodynamic field and a direct current (DC or static) electric field to provide ion beams that are more spatially confined with a comparatively large mass range.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于质谱（MS）系统的离子导向器。 离子导向器被配置为提供反射电动力场和直流（DC或静态）电场，以提供在空间上被限制在较大质量范围内的离子束。

公开(公告)号：US08735798B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-27

申请号：US13590739

申请日：2012-08-21

Applicant: James R. Kesler ,  Douglas M. Trout ,  Gary W. Scheer

Inventor： James R. Kesler ,  Douglas M. Trout ,  Gary W. Scheer

IPC: H01L31/00

CPC classification number: H02H1/0023 ,  H01J3/14

Abstract: An electro-optical (EO) radiation collector for collecting and/or transmitting EO radiation (which may include EO radiation in the visible wavelengths) for transmission to an EO sensor. The EO radiation collector may be used with an arc flash detection device or other protective system, such as an intelligent electronic device (IED). The arc flash detection device may detect an arc flash event based upon EO radiation collected by and/or transmitted from the EO radiation collector. The EO radiation collector may receive an EO conductor cable, an end of which may be configured to receive EO radiation. A portion of the EO radiation received by the EO radiation collector may be transmitted into the EO conductor cable and transmitted to the arc flash detection device. The EO radiation collector may be adapted to receive a second EO conductor cable, which may be used to provide redundant EO transmission and/or self-test capabilities.

Abstract translation: 用于收集和/或传输EO辐射（其可以包括可见波长中的EO辐射）的电光（EO）辐射收集器，用于传输到EO传感器。 EO辐射收集器可以与电弧闪光检测装置或诸如智能电子装置（IED）的其它保护系统一起使用。 电弧闪光检测装置可以基于由EO辐射收集器收集的和/或从其发射的EO辐射来检测电弧闪光事件。 EO辐射收集器可以接收EO导体电缆，其端部可被配置为接收EO辐射。 由EO辐射收集器接收的EO辐射的一部分可以传输到EO导体电缆中并传输到电弧闪光检测装置。 EO辐射收集器可以适于接收可用于提供冗余EO传输和/或自检能力的第二EO导体电缆。