Abstract:
A fuel composition relating to a broad spectrum of pollution reducing, improved combustion performance, and enhanced stability fuel compositions for use in jet, aviation, turbine, diesel, gasoline, and other combustion applications. More particularly, the present invention relates to metallic vapor phase combustion fuel compositions employing certain co-combustion agents, including trimethoxymethylsilane.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung behandelt die Spaltung von Organodisiloxanen mit Chlorsilanen in Gegenwart von FeCl 3 als Katalysator. Dabei entstehen einerseits Chloralkylsilane bzw. Chlorarylsilane und andererseits Organosiloxane, die durch eine oder mehrere -0-Si-R 3 -Gruppen gekennzeichnet sind, (R=Alkyl oder Aryl), die direkt an ein Si-Atom gebunden sind, das seinerseits entweder mit der gleichen Gruppierung oder einem Alkyl- oder Arylrest verbunden ist. Das erfindungsgemä-εe Verfahren zeichnet sich durch die gleichzeitige Verwendung von FeCl 3 und Chlorwasserstoff als Katalysator aus. Vorzugsweise wird das FeCl 3 in organischen Lösungsmitteln, die Oxo-Gruppen enthalten, gelöst eingesetzt. Bevorzugte Lösungsmittel dieser Gruppe sind Ketone. In einer besonderen Durchführungsform wird gegen Ende der Reaktion noch Phosphortrichlorid als Co-Katalysator hinzugefügt.
Abstract:
A Liquid, comprising an hydrophobic flavonoid derivative electrochemically non-active, that is capable of restoring its electrochemical activity, the concentration of the flavonoid derivative being 10 ppm by weight or less, and an organic substance in an amount of 90% by weight or more.
Abstract:
An emulsifying additive for forming emulsions of water in pure fuel oil or in mixtures containing mainly fuel oil, comprising Sorbitan Stearate, Squalane, Magnesium Sulfate, Hydrogenated Polydecene, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Cyclopentasiloxane, Polyglyceryl-3 dioelate, Sodium Chloride, Ethylhexyl Stearate, Water, Caustic Soda, and Sorbitan Monooleate. Hydrogenated Castor Oil and/ Sorbitan Olivate may also be present. An emulsion containing the emulsifying additive and a method for producing the emulsifying additive are also claimed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing compounds of general formula (I) by converting the compound of general formula (II), where L, L' independently of one another are the same or different and represent Cl or OH, in the presence of a) chlorine compounds Cl-M2 R1 R2 R3, Cl-M3 R4 R5 R6, with the proviso that both L and L' are not OH at the same time, or b) hydroxy compounds HO-M2 R1 R2 R3, HO-M3 R4 R5 R6. The invention also relates to the use of compounds of general formula (I) as tracer substances for liquids and to methods for detecting tracer substances in liquids
Abstract:
Fuel mixtures for direct methanol fuel cells are disclosed. The fuels include methanol and additives that react with water to produce methanol and other easily electro-oxidizable compounds including dimethyloxymethane, methylorthoformate, tet ramethylorthocarbonate, trimethylborate, and tetramethylorthosilicate. Other additives to improve safety and efficiency of the fuel cell include sulfonated activated carbon particles and metal hydrides, such as LiA1H4, NaBH4, LiBH4, (CH3)2 NHBH3, NaA1H4, B2H6, NaCNBH3, CaH2, LiH, NaH, KH or sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) dihydrida-luminate.
Abstract:
Lubricants, especially lubricating oils, and fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, contain a class of anti-wear, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from silanes. The additives can be used as either partial or complete replacements for zinc dialkyldithiophosphates currently used in lubricant and fuels.
Abstract:
A fuel composition relating to a broad spectrum of pollution reducing, improved combustion performance, and enhanced stability fuel compositions for use in jet, aviation, turbine, diesel, gasoline, and other combustion applications. More particularly, the present invention relates to metallic vapor phase combustion fuel compositions employing certain co-combustion agents, including trimethoxymethylsilane.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to compounds containing dual substitutions of an aromatic amine and hindered phenol functionality useful as stabilizers for organic materials. These compounds are of general formula (I) wherein phi is formula (II). R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R3 is alkylene of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m is 0 or 1; n is an integer of 1 to 10; q is an integer of 0 to 8; z is 1 or 2, provided that, when q is 0, z must be 1; X represents the links of a chain q links in length, said links being selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, and mixtures thereof; and Y is an aromatic group or phi , provided that Y can be phi only when q is 0 and m is 1.
Abstract:
A formulation and methods for making high energy organic fuels that incorporate suspended metal particles with metal particle sized ranging from 33 nm to 5 micron. The hybrid organic fuels contain superior density and/or energy content to conventional liquid organic fuels. These hybrid organic fuels used in combination with metal particle afford fuels with 5 to 80% more net heat of combustion (based on volume). These fuels should extend the distant range for jets, liquid rocket engines, SCRAM jet engines, and improve energy content in fuel-air explosive applications such as fuel-air explosives and in the Multi-Effects Weapons System (MEWS) where the fuel is used both for propulsion and explosive effects.