Abstract:
Disclosed is an optical control device which has a substrate with a pyroelectric effect; optical waveguides formed on the surface of the substrate; a pair of electrodes formed near the optical waveguides; a film layer formed between the substrate and the electrodes; and conductive film which covers near the electrodes and has a conductivity higher than that of the film layer; wherein the conductive film has a plurality of insulating portions between the electrodes.
Abstract:
A modulator comprising a substrate (4); a waveguide (5) formed on the substrate for receiving incident light; two phase-shift light waveguides (6) diverging from the incident light waveguide (5) and formed on the substrate (4), the phases of light transmitted through the waveguides (6) change with the intensity of electric field; and an exit light waveguide (7) formed on the substrate (4) where the phase-shift light waveguides (6) joins each other. At least one of the phase-shift light waveguides (6) has a part (8) where the polarization is inverted. A transparent film may be formed on one or plural areas on the phase-shift light waveguides (6). A buffer layer (14) may be provided on the phase-shift light waveguides (6) or near it. On the part where no buffer layer (14) is provided, a film of transparent material may be formed partly or entirely in order to exert stress on the phase-shift light waveguides (6). Partly on one of the phase-shift light waveguides (6), there may be provided a member which exerts stress on it. A device (26) may also be provided for irradiating partly or entirely the phase-shift light waveguides (6) with light.
Abstract:
A planar waveguide device including metallic electrodes (19, 21, 23) has a buffer layer (17) of reduced ordinary index of refraction formed in a substrate (13) between its waveguide (15) and electrodes. The device is preferably formed by first fabricating the waveguide in an x-or y-cut substrate of crystalline material, subsequently overcoating the substrate, including the waveguide, with a layer of magnesium, oxidizing the magnesium at temperature to form the buffer layer and then laying the electrodes over the buffer layer. Alternatively, the buffer layer may be formed by a proton exchange process.
Abstract:
Velocity matching between optical signals transmitted along a light guide (13) on a lithium niobate substrate (12) and microwave signals along transmission line electrodes (16 and 17) may be improved by positioning layers of dielectric material (14 and 15) between the substrate (12) and the electrodes (16 and 17). By improving the velocity matching the bandwidth of the device may be increased.
Abstract:
An optical waveguide is formed on a substrate of a material having an electro-optic effect. An intermediate layer is formed on a major surface thereof. A metal-mounted polarizer is provided on the intermediate layer above the optical waveguide. A signal electrode and a grounding electrode are formed on the substrate or a buffer layer. The intermediate layer is made of a dielectric having a composition AOx, B2Oy, and COz (where X represents a bivalent element, Y a trivalent element, Z a quadrivalent element, O oxygen, and 0>x>1, 0>y>3, 0>z>2) In another mode, an optical waveguide and buffer layer are formed on a substrate of a material having an electro-optic effect, the buffer layer is partly removed by nonreactive dry-etching to form a first opening, a metal-mounted polarizer is formed in the first opening, and a signal electrode serving as a modulating electrode and a grounding electrode are formed on the buffer layer.
Abstract:
A first film (8) is formed between a substrate (1) constituting an optical waveguide device (10) and a signal electrode (3) and ground electrodes (5), (6). A second film (9) is formed between the substrate (1) and a signal electrode (4) and ground electrodes (6), (7). The substrate (1), an optical waveguide (2), the signal electrode (3), the ground electrodes (5), (6) and the first film (8) constitute an optical phase modulator (10A). The substrate (1), the optical waveguide (2), the signal electrode (4), the ground electrodes (6), (7) and the second film (9) constitute an optical intensity modulator (10B). The optical waveguide element (10) is constituted by integrating the optical phase modulator(10A) and the optical intensity modulator (10B).