Abstract:
The present disclosure generally relates to systems, apparatus and methods of plasma spraying and plasma treatment of materials based on high specific energy molecular plasma gases that may be used to generate a selected plasma. The present disclosure is also relates to the design of plasma torches and plasma systems to optimize such methods.
Abstract:
A composite body that is spall resistant and comprises a substantially discontinuous cermet phase in a substantially continuous metal rich matrix phase. The composite body is typically bonded to a substrate to form a hardfacing on the substrate. The composite body exhibits ductile phase toughening with a strain to failure of at least about 2 percent, a modulus of elasticity of less than about 46 million pounds per square inch, and a density of less than about 7 grams per cubic centimeter. The metal rich matrix phase between the ceramic rich regions in the composite body has an average minimum span of about 0.5 to 8 microns to allow ductility in the composite body. The composite body has a Vicker's hardness number of greater than approximately 650. The discontinuous cermet phase is in the form of ceramic rich regions embedded within the composite body, and it includes ceramic particles and a cermet binder. The ceramic particles having a Moh's hardness of at least approximately 7.5, a modulus of elasticity of less than approximately 46 million pounds per square inch, and an average particle size of from about 0.1 to 10 microns. The ceramic rich regions exhibit high hardness as compared with the matrix phase.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a system for producing coatings on a substrate from a liquid feedstock. The system comprises an axial injection thermal spray torch and a liquid feedstock delivery means for delivering a controlled flow of liquid feedstock to the torch. The torch is provided with a convergent/divergent nozzle.
Abstract:
An improved design for a thermal spray gun includes an atomizer (70, 102), a combustion chamber (10, 104), an interconnector (30, 106), and a barrel (50, 108). Also included are methods for thermally spraying a substrate. One method for thermally spraying a substrate includes directing at least one fuel stream and at least one oxidant stream to a thermal spray gun with the improved design to form a thermal spray and directing the thermal spray against the surface to apply the coating.
Abstract:
An electric arc spraying system includes a spraying gun (37) for thermally spraying an inner surface of an object (8) such as a cylinder block by blasting compressed gas (43) substantially perpendicularly to the supplying direction of target wires (31a, 31b). The spraying gun (37) is rotated by a spraying gun rotation mechanism (34). The target wires (31a, 31b) are loaded in and supplied from wire supplying sources (32a, 32b). A wire feeder rotation mechanism (33) is provided for rotating the wire supplying sources (32a, 32b) synchronously with the spraying gun (37) in rotation. Wire feeders (38, 35a-35b) are provided at the spraying gun (37) or adjacent to the wire supplying sources (32a, 32b) for feeding the target wires (31a, 31b). Wire support cables (36a, 36b) are configured to guide the target wires (31a, 31b) from the wire supplying sources (32a, 32b) to the spraying gun (37).
Abstract:
An improved method and apparatus for producing an extremely fine micron and sub-micron size water mist (18) using an electronic ultrasonic device (8) that produces the mist at ambient-pressure and delivering the mist for application in suppressing fire. A piezoelectric transducer (10) is arranged to produce a water mist having at least a portion of sub-micron size droplets. The water mist is produced by high frequency pressure waves or ultrasonic waves of predetermined or variable frequency, including frequencies which may exceed 2.5 MHz. The water mist is directed to a firebase to be self-entrained by the fire's flame. The momentum provided the water mist in directing the mist is minimized to enhance the ability of the fire to entrain the mist, and the flow of the carrier medium is usually directed tangentially about the water fountain (16) creating the mist. Further, the throughput and concentration of the mist is controlled to ensure that the entrained mist will be sufficient to cool and suppress the fire. The water mist may be effectively utilized for mitigating blast and reducing over pressures. The fine water mist may also be utilized for humidification because of its fast vaporization and efficient cooling behavior. The apparatus may be modified in its physical design and direction of output, and the method may be modified by adjusting the throughput of mist, composition of mist, concentration of mist, and momentum of mist, whereby fire may be suppressed under many different scenarios.
Abstract:
In a thermal spray process, a wire (14) is fed into a flame-jet (20) to heat said wire (14) to the melting point, atomize and projected high velocity the droplets so formed against a surface (28) to buildup a coating of material (24) on the surface (28). The wire (14) is fed into the flame by aligning the cast-plane of the wire (14) with the flame-jet (20) by using a tubular member formed into a circular shape (30) to provide sufficient length to guide wire (14) and to provide the necessary twist amount to the wire (14) to align the cast-plane with the axis of the flame-jet (20).