Abstract:
PURPOSE:To simplify fabricating processes, give a sufficient amount of electron emission, and eliminate variation or unevenness in modulation by placing electron emitting elements and a modulation electrode in line on the same insulative base body surface, and specifying the thickness of these elements or the distance from this base body to the electron emitting part. CONSTITUTION:In an electron beam generating device, electron emitting elements 2, 3 as source of electron beam and a modulation electrode 4, which modulates electron beam emitted by these elements 2, 3, are placed in line on the same insulative base body surface, wherein the thickness T of the elements 2, 3 or the distance from this base body surface to the electron emitting part 3 of the elements 2, 3 lies within the range 0.01-200mum. This facilitates alignment of the electrode 4 with element 2, 3, simplifies fabrication, and gives a sufficient amount of electron emission compared with conventional arrangement. Further, this improves remarkably the modulational unevenness between a plurality of electron beams or undeliberate variation of the amount of electron emission at the time of driving, and also provides an excellent modulation efficiency for the electron beam emitted.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To enable holding of high electron emitting power and forming through IC technique, by providing a control electrode, and prescribing its potential and set up position. CONSTITUTION: A conductor layer 37 on an insulation layer 36 is made to serve as a drawing electrode 27 of positive potential relating to a reference potential, from an upheaval 33 in a well 22 of a substrate 32, an electron is emitted. In the downstream of this electrode 27, a conductive layer 39 provided through an insulation layer 38 is provided, relating to the electrode 27, a negative control electrode 29 is formed, in the downstream of the electrode 29, through an insulation layer 61, a conductive layer 59 is provided, an electron accelerating auxiliary electrode 60 of positive potential from the electrode 29 is formed. A speed of an electron, passing beyond the electrode 27 by this electrode 29, is delayed, also the electrode 29 performs electrostatic lens action, an electron of large lateral direction speed is reflected, also the electrode 29 forms a virtual cathode, electron beam control is easily performed, to hold high electron holding power, based on this constitution, an electron tube or an electron gun, which can be manufactured by IC technique, are obtained.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To enable to start or stop electron emission quickly and exactly, by mounting the first and the second electrodes respectively on the forward and backward sides of electron-emitting elements and applying voltages to these electrodes to make the elements emit electrons, while the first electrode is ring-shaped and divided into the plural number of pieces to apply an independent voltage to each of them. CONSTITUTION:An insulating film 6 is formed on a substrate 2 of glass or the like, and then a p-type semiconductor layer 8 and a n-type semiconductor layer 10 are laminated thereon. In the central part of the layers, an inverse cone-shaped hole 11 is bored to form a lower electrode 4 on the exposed surface of the substrate 2. Successively, the layers 8 and 10 facing the hole 11 are changed to p and n types, and then the surface of the layer 10 is covered with an insulating layer 14, whereon upper electrodes are formed approximately in a ring shape and divided into electrodes 16-1 to 16-4. The layers 8 and 10 are then connected with a source 12 for application of inversely biased voltage, and individual sources 20-1 to 20-4 are connected between the electrodes 16-1 to 16-4 and the layer 10 respectively. Thus, electron emission is exactly started/ stopped and the energy is effectively controlled.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To produce a stable and efficient electron beam machinery by suppressing the stress to be applied on the high voltage circuit while blocking the continuous electrode discharge. CONSTITUTION:The high voltage insulated transformer 77 will receive the filament heating current from the A.C. power source 21' through the control element 75 such as SCR thus to heat the filament 1. The servo-amplifier 74 will compare between the signal to be set by the constant current circuit 71 and the filament current setter 73 and the detection signal from the filament current detector 76 and to drive the control element such that the difference will be zero. The falling level comparator for starting the falling of the filament current will compare between the start-of-fall beam current level signal to be set by the setter 52 for the start-of-fall beam current level and the referential power source 51 and the actual level of the beam current from the beam current detector 38, and when the beam current level exceeds over the start-of-fall level the transistor 72 is conducted to bypass the current from the constant current source 71 thus to fall the setting of the filament current.
Abstract:
A system and method for irradiating pallets comprises a scan horn (22) that scans electron beamlets (33) through a sweep angle. A dipole bends the electron beamlets (33) to focus the electron beamlets (33) at the pallet center. After being bent, the beam becomes converted to x-rays which are irradiated through the pallet (38) to the pallet center. During this irradiation, the pallet (38) is moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the irradiation. In this way, a quarter of the pallet (38) is irradiated. When the quadrant radiation is completed, the radiation is interrupted and the pallet (38) is rotated 90° to have a second side of the pallet (38) face the radiation. The operation is sequentially repeated for each of the pallet sides. The four (4) irradiated quadrants define the pallet's complete cross-sectional area.
Abstract:
A method for gapping a ferrite core (10) by coating the core with a stabilizing material (32), fracturing the core with a laser beam (44) thereby creating one or more gaps (47) in the cores magnetic field, optionally opening the fracture to obtain a desired inductance, and then sealing the core.
Abstract:
A plurality of field emission cathodes (601) generate an emission of electrons, wherein the emission of electrons is then controlled and focused using various electrodes (602, 603, 604) to produce an electron beam. Horizontal and vertical deflection techniques (605, 606, respectively), similar to those used within a cathode ray tube, operate to scan the individual electron beams onto portions of a phosphor screen (401) in order to generate images. The use of the plurality of field emission cathodes provides for a flatter screen depth than possible with a typical cathode ray tube.
Abstract:
An electronic component package has a first sealing member main surface with mounted electronic element, and a second sealing member. An outer circumference portion of a second sealing member is molded into a tapered shape, providing a tapered area in at least part of the outer circumference. A flat area adjacent to the tapered area is provided in at least part of a flat portion inward of the outer circumference portion of the surface of the second sealing member. A first area corresponding to the tapered area and a second area corresponding to the flat area are provided adjacent to each other on a first main surface of the first sealing member with mounted electronic component element. A width W2 of the second area is 0.66 to 1.2 times a width W4 of the flat area. First and second bonding layers are formed and bonded with each other by heating.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam irradiation apparatus includes: a scanning electromagnet that scans a charged particle beam; and a degrader that is provided on a downstream side of the scanning electromagnet in a scanning direction of the charged particle beam and adjusts a range of the charged particle beam by reducing energy of the charged particle beam. The degrader is configured to be closer to an upstream side in the scanning direction of the charged particle beam, outward in the scanning direction.
Abstract:
A system and method for displaying trade information is disclosed. The method includes receiving from a host exchange a plurality of trade notifications, each trade notification corresponding to an executed trade, and for each executed trade of interest, determining whether the executed trade belongs in an aggregated set with one or more other executed trades. All executed trades in an aggregated set are for the same associated tradable object, have traded at the same associated trade price, and have been executed within a predetermined time period of each other. Aggregated sets are displayed a user display with an associated aggregated quantity, and the remaining executed trades of interest are also displayed. Trades are displayed using an associated indicator for indicating whether the corresponding executed trade or aggregated trade traded on the bid side or on the offer side of the market, and which indicates whether additional volume is available at the associated trade price.