Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting a component of a liquid sample (12) comprises measurement instrumentation (4) adapted to detect the component by one or both of a quantitative and a qualitative measurement of absorption of optical radiation by gas from a headspace (14) above the liquid (12) and a gas flow system (6) configured to remove gas from and to recirculate extracted gas to the headspace (14) through the liquid sample (12). A dosing device (8) may also be provided for transfer of a reagent from a reservoir (32) into the liquid (12) to effect release into the liquid of a species indicative of the component of interest for extraction into the headspace (14) by the recirculated gas.
Abstract:
An apparatus, such as a flow cytometer, for determining compositional properties of a material (38), comprises sensing means (24) having an output responsive to components of interest within a sample, here liquid (38), at a measurement location (22). A flow regulator, such as a pump (36), is provided in flow communication with the measurement location (22) and with the liquid sample (38). Control means (34) is adapted to analyse, such as by employment of an pulse height analyser (32), the output to determine a contribution thereto by noise and to control the operation of the flow regulator (36) to regulate presentation of the sample, here the flow rate, at the measurement location (22) in a manner dependent on the determined noise contribution.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of determining a constituent of a sample and more specifically, to a method of correcting an absorbance value for a spectrometer. The method is especially applicable in connection with spectrometric analysis instruments for quantitatively determining the chemical composition of fluids, e.g. the content of fat, protein, lactose or urea, in food products, especially in raw milk or dairy products. The method is based upon a measurement of one or more selected ranges of a spectrum, providing an absorption spectrum of the product. The method may be applicable in connection with all spectroscopic instruments giving rise to specific ranges of a spectrum, such as UV, VIS, NIR, IR, NMR, MS, etc.). Typically, the spectrum will be a MID-IR absorption spectrum.
Abstract:
A method for determining an optical pathlength through a cuvette of a spectrophotometric apparatus includes obtaining a first single beam spectrum of a liquid zero-material at least in a first energy region in which the liquid zero-material absorbs at least a portion of incident optical radiation; obtaining a second single beam spectrum of a second liquid at least in the first energy region, the second liquid having a composition excluding the liquid zero-material and having no absorption of incident optical radiation in the first energy region; determining a dual beam spectrum of the liquid zero-material relative to the second liquid at least in the first energy region from the first and second single beam spectra; and calculating an optical pathlength through the cuvette based on processing spectral information obtained from the first energy region of the determined dual beam spectrum.
Abstract:
A method of analysing a foodstuff sample using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, comprises: ashing the foodstuff sample to generate an ash residue; and forming the ash residue into a layered pellet based on: loading at least the portion of the ash residue into a die, loading a support material into the die as a layer covering a second surface of the portion of the ash residue subsequently to loading at least the portion of the ash residue into the die, and compressing the portion of the ash residue and the support material in the die to form the layered pellet, such that a first surface of the portion of the ash residue at least partially defines the first surface of the layered pellet and the portion of the ash residue is undiluted by the support material at least at the first surface of the portion of the ash residue.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a sample of organic material for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) may include obtaining granular organic material, forming a portion of the granular organic material into a sample pellet, and searing the organic material. The searing may include searing only an exposed end surface of the sample pellet on which LIBS analysis is to be performed. The method may include pressing the seared sample pellet to consolidate the material comprising the seared end surface.
Abstract:
A filtration system for a liquid comprising a container (2) having an internal container volume (11), a particulate filter portion (10) for allowing passage of the liquid into the internal container volume (11) to forma liquid sample aliquot and a first opening (14) providing access to the internal container volume (11); the filtration system further comprising a non-porous housing (4) configured to provide an internal space (28) for receiving the container (2), the internal space (28) being dimensioned to provide a volume such that the amount left unoccupied by the received container (2) is less than the internal container volume (11).
Abstract:
A spectrometer system comprises a scanning interferometer; a drive system mechanically coupled to a movable reflector element of the scanning interferometer and operable to effect reciprocation of the movable reflector element at a plurality, preferably more than two, for example three, different scan speeds; a detector arrangement configured to sample at equidistant time intervals an interferogram formed by the scanning interferometer to generate a sampled interferogram; and a data processor is adapted to acquire a sampled interferogram at each of the plurality of different scan speeds and to perform a relative comparison of the content of the so acquired plurality of sampled interferograms.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a sample of organic material for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) may include obtaining granular organic material, forming a portion of the granular organic material into a sample pellet, and searing the organic material. The searing may include searing only an exposed end surface of the sample pellet on which LIBS analysis is to be performed. The method may include pressing the seared sample pellet to consolidate the material comprising the seared end surface.
Abstract:
A non-intrusive method for determining an indication of wholesomeness of an unopened item of packaged aliment comprising the steps of illuminating an unopened item of packaged aliment with electromagnetic energy at a plurality of different wavelengths through a suitably transparent region of the packaging so as to interact with the packaged aliment; obtaining spectral information regarding the interaction of the plurality of different wavelengths with the packaged aliment as subsequent spectral information; interrogating the packaging to access original spectral information regarding a previous interaction of the plurality of wavelengths with the same unopened item of packaged aliment and associated with the packaging; comparing some or all of the subsequent spectral information with some or all of the original spectral information to obtain a measure of their spectral deviation; and determining an indication of wholesomeness of the unopened item of packaged aliment in dependence of the obtained measure of spectral deviation.