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    Flameless cracking of gaseous and/or liquid vaporisable hydrocarbons having from twoto thirty carbon atoms
    13.
    发明专利
    Flameless cracking of gaseous and/or liquid vaporisable hydrocarbons having from twoto thirty carbon atoms 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB1129114A

    公开(公告)日：1968-10-02

    申请号：GB4854165

    申请日：1965-11-16

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： KNOBLOCH WALTER ,  NONNENMACHER HELMUT ,  RALL WOLFGANG ,  SCHMULDER PAUL

    IPC: B01J23/70 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/40

    Abstract: 1,129,114. Making combustible gas. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK A.G. 16 Nov., 1965 [17 Nov:, 1964], No. 48541/65. Heading C5E. A process for the flameless catalytic cracking of gaseous and liquid vaporizable hydrocarbons having 2 to 30 C atoms per molecule with steam and insufficient O 2 for complete combustion, optionally with CO 2 , to produce H 2 and CO, utilizes a catalyst which has been calcined at 1300‹ to 1400‹ C., and comprises cobalt on a carrier material of MgO, optionally with Al 2 O 3 .The process allows feedstocks containing up to 1 g. of sulphur per Kg. of feed to be cracked without a pretreatment. Feeds mentioned are gasoline fractions (B.P.R. 40‹ to 160‹ C.) and gas oils (B.P.R. 65‹ to 360‹ C.), and gaseous hydrocarbons containing up to 90 vol. per cent unsaturates. The reactants are preheated, and the process may be performed at atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure. A conventional Pt catalyst may precede the CO catalyst. Details of the main catalyst are: cobalt content, 3 to 40% b.w. (preferably 5 to 25%) and ZrO 2 or an alkali metal compound may be added to the carrier, e.g. from 0À5 to 10% b.w. Two specific examples are described.

    Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons having a carbon number of from c to c
    17.
    发明专利
    Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons having a carbon number of from c to c 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB1104465A

    公开(公告)日：1968-02-28

    申请号：GB2580965

    申请日：1965-06-18

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： HUPFER LEOPOLD ,  NONNENMACHER HELMUT ,  RALL WOLFGANG ,  TRIEBSKORN BRUNO

    IPC: C01B3/38

    Abstract: Fuel gas is made by cracking hydrocarbons having a carbon number of C2 to C15 in the presence of steam over a nickel and/or cobalt catalyst which is maintained in two separate temperature zones, the first (which occupies from one-fifth up to four-fifths of the total catalyst volume) being kept at 350 DEG to 550 DEG C., and the second (which, however, must be nickel) at 560 DEG to 1000 DEG C. Preferred temperatures are 450 DEG C. and 700 DEG to 850 DEG C. respectively, and pressures may range from atmospheric to 100 atmospheres, preferably 20 to 60 atmospheres. The catalyst in the two zones may be the same or different, e.g. Ni (preferably 35 to 50% b.w.) or Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO, TiO2, or silicate carriers for the first zone, and Ni (preferably 15 to 25% b.w.) on Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO carriers, if desired with an alkali, for the second zone, and this catalyst may be calcined. A catalyst containing less than 10% b.w. Ni and free of silicates may be interposed between the two zones. All catalysts may have hydraulic binders. A specific example using a desulphured light naphtha is described. The invention permits lower steam ratios to be used.ALSO:Cracking catalysts is effected in two stages, a first zone containing less than 10% supported Ni in association with calcium aluminate and a second stage containing 15-30% Ni. The supports may be Al2O3, MgO, ZrO2. Silicates are absent but alkalis may be present. The catalysts may have a surface area of 6-30 m2/gm.

    Catalytic cracking of vaporisable hydrocarbons with steam
    18.
    发明专利
    Catalytic cracking of vaporisable hydrocarbons with steam 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB1066456A

    公开(公告)日：1967-04-26

    申请号：GB3258764

    申请日：1964-08-11

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： KNOBLOCH WALTER ,  NONNENMACHER HELMUI ,  RALL WOLFGANG

    IPC: C01B3/40

    Abstract: Vaporizable hydrocarbons boiling in the range 30 DEG to 200 DEG C are catalytically cracked with steam at 600 DEG to 950 DEG C. in the presence of a calcined catalyst comprising nickel, magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide. Gasoline fractions may thus be cracked at pressures up to 40 atmospheres, without catalyst decomposition or carbon deposition. Excess steam may be used, e.g. 4 to 5 moles steam per gram atom of carbon at pressures above 5 atmospheres. The catalyst may comprise, percentages by weight, 10 to 30% Ni, 10 to 70% MgO, and 10 to 65% Al2O3, and calcining is at over 1050 DEG C., e.g. 1100 DEG to 1250 DEG C. Two specific examples are described, including the compositions of the methane-containing gases produced.

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