Abstract:
A system (144) comprising a sensor (22), a reformer (146), a reformer electronic control module (150) and a sensor control module (152), wherein the sensor (22) includes an oxygen pump cell (24); an oxygen pump chamber (26); an emf cell (32); a reference chamber (34) providing a fluid connection to the reference gas (30); gas channels in fluid communication with the pump (48,52) and emf electrodes (64,66), the reference gas (30) comprising reformate produced by fuel reformer (146) fuelled by an air-fuel gas mixture having an air-fuel ratio; a heater (72); a temperature sensor (70) disposed in communication with the heater (72) and the sensor control module (152) for maintaining the sensor (22) at a desired operating temperature; a closed loop controlled operation amplifier (40) in electrical communication with the sensor (22), whereby the oxygen pump cell (24) provides sufficient oxygen ions to oxidize an incoming diffusion-limiting fuel flux to the emf cell (32) and maintain a constant emf at the emf cell (32), and wherein a current value represents an equivalent to the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel gas mixture.
Abstract:
A heater (38) for a gas sensor has a first thermistor element (62) and a second thermistor element (63) arranged in an electrically parallel configuration. Each thermistor element (62, 63) may be deposited onto a substrate (52) such that the first thermistor element (62) extends about a perimeter of the substrate (52) and the second thermistor element (63) extends across a portion of the substrate (52) intermediate the perimeter of the substrate (52). The thermistor elements (62, 63) are preferably fabricated of materials having differing thermal coefficients of resistivity. A method of heating the gas sensor includes disposing the two thermistor elements (62, 63) in an electrically parallel configuration over a surface of the substrate (52) and passing an electric current through the elements (62, 63).
Abstract:
A heater pattern for a heater (38) of a gas sensor in which a temperature profile is manipulated utilizes a thermistor element (63) arranged in an electrically serial configuration and disposed on a substrate (52). The thermistor element (63) is arranged so as to define an edge pattern (64) extending about a perimeter of the substrate (52) and a center pattern (66) serially connected to the edge pattern (64). The center pattern (66) extends over a portion of the substrate (52) that is intermediate the perimeter of the substrate (52). In a preferred embodiment, the thermistor element (63) is screen printed onto the substrate (52) to a thickness of about 5 microns to about 50 microns, and preferably to a thickness of about 10 microns to about 40 microns. The edge (64) and center patterns (66) are furthermore preferably formed of materials having differing coefficients of thermal resistivity, e.g., platinum and platinum/palladium blends. A method of heating the gas sensor includes disposing the thermistor element (63) in an electrically serial configuration about a perimeter of the substrate (52) and over a portion of the substrate (52) intermediate the perimeter of the substrate (52) and passing an electric current through the thermistor element (63).