Abstract:
A method for fault identification of gas sensors exposed to a gas mixture is disclosed for gas sensors having an output that depends on concentrations of two gas species in the gas mixture. The method includes receiving output signals from two such sensors, processing the output signals in a controller that implements a model of the sensors so as to identify a fault in the first gas sensor or the second gas sensor; and providing an indication of any identified faults.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for determining a volatility of a fuel sample. A fuel sample is collected in a container (22) and heated for a time period using a heater device (24). Periodically during the heating, the capacitance of the fuel sample and the temperature of the heater device (24) are determined. After a time period passes, the volatility of the fuel sample is determined using the capacitance decrease and the temperature increase. Specifically, a voltage across the heater device (24) is used, along with the current through the heater device (24) to determine the resistance of the heater device (24), which gives the temperature of the heater device (24) and the sample. The capacitance and temperature are compared to values derived from experimentation for fuels of varying DI. The first measurement of capacitance with a known sample volume can be used to determine the MTBE or ethanol content in gasoline fuels.
Abstract:
A NO X sensor electrode material includes a composition of Ba (1-X) A X Fe (12-Y )B Y O 19 . Constituent A and constituent B are doping elements. Constituent A is selected from the group consisting of Bi, La and Pb and X is a real number where 0‰¤X
Abstract:
The electrolyte (30) comprises up to about 80 wt% zirconia, up to about 30 wt% stabilizer, and up to about 40 wt% dopant-zirconia. Alternatively, the electrolyte (30) can comprise zirconia having a phase chemistry, wherein the phase chemistry, at about 25°C, is about 15 wt% to about 35 wt% monoclinic, less than about 10 wt% tetragonal, balance cubic, based upon the weight of the zirconia in the electrolyte (30).
Abstract:
The electrolyte (30) comprises up to about 80 wt% zirconia, up to about 30 wt% stabilizer, and up to about 40 wt% dopant-zirconia. Alternatively, the electrolyte (30) can comprise zirconia having a phase chemistry, wherein the phase chemistry, at about 25°C, is about 15 wt% to about 35 wt% monoclinic, less than about 10 wt% tetragonal, balance cubic, based upon the weight of the zirconia in the electrolyte (30).
Abstract:
A gas sensor, comprising an oxygen pump cell with a first pump electrode (40) and a second pump electrode (42) disposed on opposite sides of a first solid electrolyte layer (30) and a second pump electrode (42). The sensor also comprises an emf cell with an emf electrode (44) and a reference gas electrode (46) disposed on opposite sides of a second solid electrolyte layer (32). The emf electrode (44) is disposed in fluid communication to the second pump electrode (42). A via hole (50) is disposed through the first solid electrolyte layer (30), such that the first pump electrode (40) is in fluid communication with the second pump electrode (42). A protective insulating layer (20), having a passage for gas to be sensed, is disposed in contact with the first pump electrode (40). A first insulating layer (22), having a conduit (54), is disposed in contact with the emf electrode (44). A second insulating layer (24), having an air channel (56), is disposed in contact with the reference gas electrode (46). A heater (60) is disposed in thermal communication with the emf cell. At least four electrical leads are in electrical communication with the sensor. A method of producing a gas sensor is disclosed.
Abstract:
A NO X sensor electrode material includes a composition of Ba (1-X) A X Fe (12-Y )B Y O 19 . Constituent A and constituent B are doping elements. Constituent A is selected from the group consisting of Bi, La and Pb and X is a real number where 0≤X X sensor material may be used with a sensor element of a NO X sensor. Specific examples include BaFe 11.95 B 0.05 O 19 , BaFe 11.75 In 0.25 O 19 and BaFe 11.5 Mg 0.5 O 19 .
Abstract translation:NO X传感器电极材料包括Ba(1-X)A X Fe(12-Y)B Y O 19的组合物。 组分A和组分B是掺杂元素。 成分A选自Bi,La和Pb组成,X为0‰×X <1的实数。 成分B选自Al,B,Bi,Ca,Co,Cr,Cu,Er,Ga,In,Mg,Mn,Ni,Nb,Rh,Pb,Si,Sr,Ti,Ta,Zn 而Zr和Y是0‰¤Y<12的实数。 NO X传感器材料可以与NO X传感器的传感器元件一起使用。 具体实例包括BaFe 11.95 B 0.05 O 19,BaFe 11.75 In 0.25 O 19和BaFe 11.5 Mg 0.5 O 19。
Abstract:
A gas sensor is disclosed comprising an oxygen pump cell having at least one exterior pump electrode (40, 42) and at least one interior pump electrode (44, 46) disposed on opposite sides of a first solid electrolyte layer (30). An emf cell having a first and second emf electrodes (50, 52) and first and second reference gas electrodes (54, 56) are disposed on opposite sides of a second solid electrolyte layer (32). At least one insulating layer (22) is in contact with the first and second emf electrodes (50, 52). At least one via hole (60, 62) is disposed through the first solid electrolyte layer (30). At least one air channel (80, 82) is disposed through at least one insulating layer (22). An air vent (84) is disposed in at least one insulating layer (24) in contact with the first and second reference gas electrodes (54, 56). A heater (934) is disposed in thermal communication with the sensor. And at least five electrical leads are in electrical communication with said sensor. A method of using a gas sensor is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method for fault identification of gas sensors exposed to a gas mixture is disclosed for gas sensors having an output that depends on concentrations of two gas species in the gas mixture. The method includes receiving output signals from two such sensors, processing the output signals in a controller that implements a model of the sensors so as to identify a fault in the first gas sensor or the second gas sensor; and providing an indication of any identified faults.