APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE REDUCTION OF POLARIZATION SENSITIVITY IN DIFFRACTION GRATINGS USED IN FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES

    公开(公告)号:CA2406458A1

    公开(公告)日:2001-10-18

    申请号:CA2406458

    申请日:2001-04-06

    Inventor: SAPPEY ANDREW D

    Abstract: A diffraction grating (10') for use in multiplexing and demultiplexing optic al signals in optical communication systems having reduced polarization sensitivity has a plurality of reflective step surfaces (16') separated by a plurality of riser surfaces (18') defining grooves of the grating. The step surfaces (16') have a reflective coating (22') and the riser surfaces (18') do not have a conductive coating. A method of making a reflective diffraction grating includes forming a plurality of grooves in a substrate, the grooves having a reflective surface for reflecting an incident beam and non-reflecti ve surface and providing a reflective coating on the reflective surface and not on the non-reflective surface.

    Method and apparatus for monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler

    公开(公告)号:AU2010203674A2

    公开(公告)日:2012-01-19

    申请号:AU2010203674

    申请日:2010-01-07

    Abstract: A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING COMBUSTION PROPERTIES IN AN INTERIOR OF A BOILER

    公开(公告)号:CA2748793A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-07-15

    申请号:CA2748793

    申请日:2010-01-07

    Abstract: A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.

    Binning and tomography for high spatial resolution temperature and species concentration measurements

    公开(公告)号:AU2008256759A2

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-18

    申请号:AU2008256759

    申请日:2008-05-23

    Abstract: A method of absorption spectroscopy including obtaining absorption data at multiple wavelengths along more than one line-of-sight path through a quantity of gas of interest. The method further includes identifying more than one temperature and gas species concentration bin along the multiple line-of-sight paths and creating a map of temperature and gas species concentration. The map thus created will have at least two-dimensional information derived from select temperature and gas species concentration bins identified along more than one line-of-sight path. Apparatus for implementing the above method is also disclosed.

    DENSE WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXER/DEMULTIPLEXER BASED ONECHELLE GRATING

    公开(公告)号:CA2383611A1

    公开(公告)日:2001-03-15

    申请号:CA2383611

    申请日:2000-08-31

    Abstract: A dense wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer ("DWDM") (10) for us in optical communication systems includes a multiplex optical waveguide (14) propagatin g a plurality of optical channels (.lambda.iest;1-n) of a select channel spaci ng multiplexed as a single optical signal within a select near infrared wavelength range. a collimating/focusing optic (18) is optically coupled to the multiplexed optical waveguide at a select focal length. A reflective echelle grating (20) is optically coupled to the collimating/focusing optic (18). The echelle grating (20) has a groove spacing (d) and blaze angle (.theta.b) providing a channel spacing (d) of the multiplexed optical signal (.lambda.l-n) at the select focal length for a select order of diffraction. A linear array of single channel waveguides (16), each propagating a single channel within the near infrared wavelength range is optically coupled to th e collimating/focusing optic. Each optical single channel waveguide (16) has a center and a propagating end and the propagating ends are spaced the focal length from the collimating/focusing optic and the centers of adjacent demultiplexed waveguides are spaced the select channel spacing (D). A fiber pigtail harness is used to connect the multiplexer which works in a Littrow configuration.

    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLAT-TOPPED FILTER RESPONSE FOR DIFFRACTION GRATING (DE)MULTIPLEXER
    18.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLAT-TOPPED FILTER RESPONSE FOR DIFFRACTION GRATING (DE)MULTIPLEXER 审中-公开
    用于生产衍射光栅(DE)多层的平面过滤器响应的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:WO0181964A3

    公开(公告)日:2002-06-06

    申请号:PCT/US0113222

    申请日:2001-04-25

    Inventor: SAPPEY ANDREW D

    Abstract: A (de)multiplexer (10) for use in optical communications systems for multiplexing and demultiplexing an optical signal includes a multiplex optical waveguide (14) propagating a plurality of optical channels and a plurality of single channel optical waveguides (16) each propagating a single channel. A diffraction grating (200) is optically coupled between the multiplex optical waveguide and the single channel optical waveguides for diffracting an optical signal between the receiving/transmitting end of the multiplex optical waveguide and the receiving/transmitting end of the single channel optical waveguide. The diffraction grating (200) has at least two surfaces (202, 204) optically coupled to the waveguides, each surface having a plurality of grooves (216) therein. Each of the surfaces is angularly displaced relative to one another a select amount such that a portion of the optical signal diffracted by each surface is offset the direction of dispersion relative to the portions of the optical signal diffracted by the other surfaces to broaden the transmission band at the receiving/transmitting ends of the single channel and multiplex optical waveguides.

    Abstract translation: 用于光信号复用和解复用的光通信系统中的(de)多路复用器(10)包括传播多个光通道的多路光波导(14)和多个单通道光波导(16),每个单通道光波导传播单个 渠道。 衍射光栅(200)光耦合在多路复用光波导和单通道光波导之间,用于在多路光波导的接收/发射端与单通道光波导的接收/发射端之间衍射光信号。 衍射光栅(200)具有光学耦合到波导的至少两个表面(202,204),每个表面上具有多个凹槽(216)。 每个表面相对于彼此成角度地移位选择量,使得由每个表面衍射的光信号的一部分相对于由其它表面衍射的光信号的部分偏离散射方向,以扩大透射带 在单通道的接收/发送端和多路复用光波导。

    Método y aparato para mediciones espectroscópicas en la zona de combustión de un motor de turbina de gas

    公开(公告)号:ES2495719T3

    公开(公告)日:2014-09-17

    申请号:ES06850383

    申请日:2006-11-06

    Abstract: Un método para medir una propiedad de combustión o propiedades de combustión dentro de una zona de combustión (12) de un motor de turbina de gas, la zona de combustión que se define entre una carcasa interior (16) y exterior (14), el método que comprende: a) transmitir un haz óptico a través de una primera fibra óptica (54) a un elemento de transmisión óptica (22) acoplada ópticamente a un puerto (24) en la carcasa exterior; b) transmitir el haz desde un elemento de transmisión óptica a través de la zona de combustión hacia una porción de la carcasa interior; caracterizado porque el método comprende además: c) recibir una porción del haz reflejado fuera de la porción de la carcasa interior con un elemento de recepción óptica (26) acoplado ópticamente a un puerto en la carcasa exterior; y d) transmitir la porción recibida del haz reflejado a través de una segunda fibra óptica (56) para interrelacionar la cantidad y la naturaleza del haz recibido con las propiedades de combustión dentro de la zona de combustión.

    Method and apparatus for the monitoring and control of combustion

    公开(公告)号:AU2004227359B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-07-30

    申请号:AU2004227359

    申请日:2004-03-31

    Abstract: A method of sensing a process utilizing a sensing apparatus consisting of more than one diode laser having select lasing frequencies, a multiplexer optically coupled to the outputs of the diode lasers with the multiplexer being further optically coupled to a pitch side optical fiber. Multiplexed laser light is transmitted through the pitch side optical fiber to a pitch optic operatively associated with a process chamber which may be a combustion chamber or the boiler of a coal or gas fired power plant. The pitch optic is oriented to project multiplexed laser output through the process chamber. Also operatively oriented with the process chamber is a catch optic in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the multiplexed laser output projected through the process chamber. The catch optic is optically coupled to an optical fiber which transmits the multiplexed laser output to a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer demultiplexes the laser light and optically couples the select lasing frequencies of light to a detector with the detector being sensitive to one of the select lasing frequencies.

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