Abstract:
A product formed by reacting at least one acyclic hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acylating agent such as polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride with at least one N-(alkoxyalkyl)alkanediamine such as N-(isodecyloxypropyl)-1,3-diaminopropane is effective as a detergent-dispersant for liquid fuels and oleaginous liquids.
Abstract:
Improved additives/detergents for lubricant and fuel compositions are obtained by condensing a hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyaryl compound with an amine compound. The condensates according to the present invention are produced by the acid catalyzed condensation of the amine reactant with the hydroxy reactant.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.
Abstract:
Succinimide derivatives represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of M, ##STR2## wherein R is a hydrocarbon-based group containing from about 8 up to about 35 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group containing up to 8 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 is a hydrocarbon-based group containing up to about 28 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon-based group containing up to about 25 carbon atoms; and M is a metal cation.
Abstract:
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per gallon of fuel is described. The fuel provides acceptable valve seat protection in engines designed to operate on leaded or unleaded fuels. Ordinarily, leaded fuels contain components to reduce deposits within the engine cylinders which unleaded fuels do not. As leaded fuels become unavailable, some refiners will add valve protecting components to the unleaded fuels to satisfy the leaded market. Such fuels will then potentially cause an increase in the octane requirement. This invention deals with polybasic carboxylate additives having valve seat protection properties which avoid or minimize the octane requirement increase.
Abstract:
A solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon when added in amounts of from about 1 to 2 parts per thousand by volume to hydrocarbon fuels improves combustion and increases fuel efficiency. The presence of a small amount of a hydroperoxide in combination with the halogenated hydrocarbon improves the starting characteristics of diesel fuel and further improves combustion efficiency.
Abstract:
A solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon when added in amounts of from about 1 to 2 parts per thousand to hydrocarbon fuels improves combustion and increases fuel efficiency. The presence of a small amount of a hydroperoxide in combination with the halogenated hydrocarbon improves the starting characteristics of diesel fuel and further improves combustion efficiency.
Abstract:
Liquid fuels of readily identifiable origin contain extremely small quantities of certain types of chlorohydrocarbon or chlorocarbon tracers dissolved therein. The presence of such tracers is readily detected by gas chromatography, using a pulsed electron capture detector.