公开(公告)号：EP0784504A1

公开(公告)日：1997-07-23

申请号：EP95933651.0

申请日：1995-09-13

Applicant: CAMBI AS

Inventor： SOLHEIM, Odd, Egil

IPC: B01J3 ,  C02F1

CPC classification number: B01J3/00 ,  C02F1/025

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the hydrolysis of organic materials are described, which method comprises the following steps: a) a mixture of preheated organic material and optionally water is fed into a reaction vessel (2), whereupon the mixture of the organic material is heated further in that steam is supplied from a subsequent reaction vessel (3) having a higher pressure in that a valve (8) between the reaction vessels (2, 3) is opened; b) the valve (8) is closed when the pressure in the reaction vessel (3) reaches a predetermined value or the pressure difference between the reaction vessels (2, 3) is approximately equal to zero; c) the pressure in the reactor vessel (3) is reduced further by means of a valve (9); d) the mixture of organic material in the reaction vessel (2) is transferred to the reaction vessel (3) by means of the pressure difference between the reaction vessels (2, 3), or with the aid of a pump; e) the reaction vessel (3) is re-pressurised by adding steam; f) steps a)-e) are repeated. The pressure in the reaction vessel (3) prior to the pressure release is preferably in the range of 10-25 bars. The pressure in the reaction vessel (2) is preferably in the range of 2-4 bars after the realease of the pressure from the reaction vessel (3). An apparatus is also described for the hydrolysis of organic materials, which comprises at least two reaction vessels (2, 3) each having an inlet and an outlet, said reaction vessels (2, 3) being connected to a pipe having a valve (10) for the transfer of organic material from the reaction vessel (2) to the reaction vessel (3), said reaction vessels (2, 3) being connected to a pipe having a valve (8) for the flash-off of steam from the reaction vessel (3) to the reaction vessel (2).

公开(公告)号：EP0288453A1

公开(公告)日：1988-10-26

申请号：EP88890079.2

申请日：1988-03-28

Applicant: BÖHLER GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.

Inventor： Bognar, Josef, Dipl.-Ing. ,  Moser, Ferdinand

IPC: F16J12/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04

CPC classification number: B01J3/048 ,  B01J3/00 ,  F16J12/00

Abstract: Einem mehrwandigen Höchst­druckbehältnis ist aus mit Boden (3, 6, 9) und Deckel (4, 7, 10) versehenen Hohl­zylindern (2, 5, 8) gebildet, mit zwischen den Behältern herrschen­den Drücken, das im Druckbereich von 1,2 GPa anwendbar ist. Hierbei soll eine Verbesserung der Materialausnut­zung und Spannungsverteilung erzielt werden, wobei eine Minimierung der Belastungsspanne und des Materialvolumens angestrebt wird. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß jeder Hohlzylinder-Boden-Deckel-Teil (A, B, C) ein für sich abgeschlos­senes System darstellt, das jeweils schwimmend im nächst­folgend äußeren System angeordnet ist, und die Zwischen­räume gestuft druckbeaufschlagt sind.

Abstract translation: 多壁高压容器由设置有基部（3,6,9）和盖（4,7,10）的中空圆柱体（2,5,8）形成，其具有在容器之间的压力，该容器可以 在1.2 GPa的压力范围内使用。 在这种情况下，旨在实现材料利用和应力分布的改进，其目的是使负载范围和材料体积最小化。 这是通过每个中空圆筒底盖部分（A，B，C）实现的，这些空心圆筒底盖部分（A，B，C）表示本体密封系统，每个中空圆柱体底盖部分布置在随后的外部系统中，并且中间空间以阶梯式方式受到压力。

公开(公告)号：WO2017048705A3

公开(公告)日：2017-07-13

申请号：PCT/US2016051501

申请日：2016-09-13

Applicant: CHEVRON PHILLIPS CHEMICAL CO LP

Inventor： KREISCHER BRUCE

IPC: C07C2/08 ,  C07C2/22 ,  C07C2/32

CPC classification number: C07C2/22 ,  B01J3/00 ,  C07C2/32 ,  C07C11/08 ,  C07C11/107 ,  C07C11/02

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in-1 to 5 in-1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr-1)(gal-1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr-1)(gal-1).

Abstract translation: 一种方法包括周期性地或连续地引入烯烃单体，并周期性地或连续地将催化剂体系或催化剂体系组分引入反应体系内的反应混合物中，使烯烃单体在反应混合物中低聚以形成低聚物产物，并且周期性地或连续地 包含来自反应体系的低聚物产物的反应系统流出物。 反应体系包括总反应混合物体积和反应体系的热交换部分，其包含热交换反应混合物体积和提供反应混合物与热交换介质间接接触的总热交换表面积。 反应体系内总热交换表面积与总反应混合物体积之比在0.75-1.5英寸-1的范围内，并且来自反应体系的低聚物产物排出速率在1.0（磅） （hr-1）（gal-1）至6.0（lb）（hr-1）（gal-1）。

公开(公告)号：WO2017115019A1

公开(公告)日：2017-07-06

申请号：PCT/FI2016/050939

申请日：2016-12-30

Applicant: FORESTGAS OY

Inventor： KARVONEN, Teuvo

IPC: C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10B53/00 ,  B01J3/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/00 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10L3/08 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor (3) by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R). In that the arrangement - the reactor (3) has its interior (30) defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (24), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (36), - biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's (3) interior, - the reactor's interior (30) is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor (V), - the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space (30; 31) of the reactor's interior, which is in connection with the heated gasification dome (36) and which is adapted to have existing conditions selected in a manner such that the water (V) present in said gasification space (31) is present in its supercritical state, - the gas (G) generated in the gasification reaction is recovered.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于在可闭式反应器（3）中制备气体（G）的装置，其通过向所述反应器供应碳基生物质或切碎的木材材料（例如碎片） 通过使生物质或木质材料在高温下气化，并且通过回收在气化反应（R）中产生的气体（G）来实现无空气条件。 由于该装置 - 反应器（3）具有由供给管限定的其内部（30），供给管的入口端可用截止阀（24）关闭，尤其是球阀，并且其出口端与可加热气化 - 将生物质或短切木质材料从进料管的入口端输送到反应器（3）内部， - 向反应器内部（30）供应处于其超临界状态的自由水/水蒸汽，其任选地 通过分解水/水蒸气（V）来催化地制备， - 生物质或木质材料被传送到反应器内部的气化空间（30; 31），其与加热的气化圆顶（36） 以使存在于所述气化空间（31）中的水（V）处于其超临界状态的方式选择现有条件， - 回收在气化反应中产生的气体（G）。

公开(公告)号：WO2017100877A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-22

申请号：PCT/BR2016/000114

申请日：2016-10-20

Applicant: UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS - UNICAMP

Inventor： CARNEIRO, Tania Forster

IPC: C10L1/02 ,  C10L3/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  C10J3/78

CPC classification number: B01J3/00 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L3/00 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: A presente invenção refere-se a ura sistema integrado para a produção de biocombustíveis a partir de biomassa e/ou resíduos mediante a interligação de equipamentos de hidrólise utilizando água sub-supercrítica e gaseificação em regime semi-contínuo ou continuo. A partir do sistema proposto, é possível converter biomassa, resíduos da indústria agroalímentar ou resíduos sanitários, no estado sólido ou líquido, em biocombustíveis, assim como obter açúcares fermentáveis para produção de etanol a partir da etapa de hidrólise ou biogás rico em hidrogénio e/ou metano a partir da gaseificação.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于通过互连从生物质和/或废物生产生物燃料的集成系统 使用亚超临界气化和气化的半连续或连续方式的水合设备。 从拟议的系统中，＆eacute; 有可能将固体或液体状态下的农业生物工业或健康休息的生物质，残余物转化成生物燃料，以及获得可发酵植物 用于从富含氢和/或气化甲烷的加氢或沼气阶段生产乙醇。

公开(公告)号：WO2016153139A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-29

申请号：PCT/KR2015/011061

申请日：2015-10-20

Applicant: (주) 엘지화학

Inventor： 한상진 ,  강전한 ,  고동현 ,  남현석 ,  이주혁 ,  한준규 ,  서명지 ,  차경용 ,  최대흥 ,  황예슬

IPC: C07C2/40 ,  C07C2/08

CPC classification number: C07C5/48 ,  B01J3/00 ,  C07C5/3332 ,  C07C5/42 ,  C07C7/005 ,  C07C7/05 ,  C07C11/167

Abstract: 본 발명은 공액디엔의 제조방법 및 제조장치에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에 따르면 부타디엔을 포함하는 생성가스를 냉각시킨 다음 배출된 하부 배출수를 그대로 폐수처리하지 않고 부산물 제거 및 스팀 추출을 거쳐 전환된 스팀을 활용할 뿐 아니라 과도한 부산물 함량에 의한 기존 생물학적 폐수의 설비부담 문제를 해소할 수 있는 공액디엔의 제조방법 및 이에 사용되는 제조장치를 제공하는 효과가 있다.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及共轭二烯的制备方法和装置。 本发明提供了一种制备共轭二烯的方法及其制备装置，其中可以使用从含有丁二烯的发生气体冷却后排出的下排出水转化为蒸汽，通过副产物去除和蒸汽萃取 不直接进行废水处理; 可以解决由于副产物含量过多造成的生物废水设施的现有负担。

公开(公告)号：WO2016031618A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-03

申请号：PCT/JP2015/073086

申请日：2015-08-18

Applicant: 日東電工株式会社

Inventor： 前野　洋平 ,  湯峯　卓哉

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B08B15/00 ,  C01B31/02

CPC classification number: B01J3/00 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B08B15/00 ,  C01B32/05

Abstract: 　真空系装置内のクリーン度を十分に高くすることができるクリーニング部材を提供する。　本発明のクリーニング部材は、真空系装置内の汚染を除去するためのクリーニング部材であって、繊維状柱状構造体を含み、該繊維状柱状構造体が、繊維状柱状物を複数備える繊維状柱状構造体であり、室温におけるガラス面に対するせん断接着力が１０Ｎ／ｃｍ ２ 以上である。

Abstract translation: 提供了能够充分提高真空系统装置内的清洁度的清洁部件。 该清洁构件用于去除真空系统装置中的污染物，并且包括纤维状柱状结构。 纤维状柱状结构设置有多个纤维柱状物体。 清洁构件在室温下具有相对于玻璃表面的剪切粘合强度为至少10N / cm 2。

公开(公告)号：WO2014020935A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-06

申请号：PCT/JP2013/057822

申请日：2013-03-19

Applicant: 株式会社村田製作所 ,  国立大学法人京都大学

Inventor： 八戸　啓 ,  酒井　道

IPC: H05H1/00 ,  B22F3/14 ,  C04B35/64 ,  H05H1/24

CPC classification number: C04B35/645 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B22F3/10 ,  B22F3/14 ,  B22F2203/11 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B30B11/00 ,  B30B15/02 ,  C04B35/4682 ,  C04B2235/602 ,  C04B2235/666 ,  C04B2235/667 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  H05H1/0037 ,  H05H1/0043 ,  H05H1/48 ,  H05H2277/00 ,  B22F3/003

Abstract: 　放電プラズマ加工装置（１０１）は、被加工物（５）を加圧する加圧部としてのパンチ（２ａ，２ｂ）と、被加工物（５）にパルス電流を印加するためのパルス電流印加部としての直流パルス電流発生器（６）と、パルス電流の印加によって発生するプラズマの光のスペクトルを検出するための検出部としての分光器（１０）と、検出部の検出結果によってパルス電流を制御するための制御部（１２）とを備える。

Abstract translation: 一种放电等离子体加工装置（101），其具有：冲压部（2a，2b），其表示用于按压被加工物体的按压部件（5）; DC脉冲电流发生器（6），其表示用于向被加工物体（5）施加脉冲电压的脉冲电流施加单元; 分析仪（10），其表示用于检测通过施加脉冲电流产生的等离子体的光谱的检测单元; 以及用于根据检测单元的检测结果来控制脉冲电流的控制单元（12）。

公开(公告)号：WO2012049375A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：PCT/FI2011/050896

申请日：2011-10-14

Applicant: UPM-KYMMENE CORPORATION ,  MIETTINEN, Mauno

Inventor： MIETTINEN, Mauno

IPC: C07G1/00 ,  D21C11/00 ,  D21C11/04

CPC classification number: D21C11/10 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/02 ,  B01J3/042 ,  C07G1/00 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21C11/04

Abstract: In a method for the continuous precipitation of lignin from black liquor black liquor is provided so as to flow as a pressurized flow in a reactor (2) with a dwell time of less than 300s, - an acidifying agent selected from the group of carbon dioxide, acid and their combinations is led to the flow at one or more feeding sites (2a) to lower the pH of black liquor, - the pH is allowed to decrease by the effect of the acidifying agent in the pressurized flow to the precipitation point of lignin, the pressure of the pressurized flow is abruptly released, and lignin particles are separated from black liquor.

Abstract translation: 在从黑液中连续沉淀木质素的方法中，提供黑液作为加压流在停留时间小于300s的反应器（2）中流动， - 选自二氧化碳 ，酸和它们的组合被导致在一个或多个进料位置（2a）处的流动，以降低黑液的pH， - 通过加压流中的酸化剂的作用使pH降低到沉淀点 木质素，加压流的压力突然释放，木质素颗粒与黑液分离。

公开(公告)号：WO2008092102A9

公开(公告)日：2010-11-18

申请号：PCT/US2008052089

申请日：2008-01-25

Applicant: PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES INC ,  TING EDMUND Y

Inventor： TING EDMUND Y

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/03 ,  C12M1/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/03 ,  B01J2219/00065 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/00231

Abstract: A pressure cycling system includes a reaction chamber configured to receive a sample and a charge pump in fluid communication with the reaction chamber. The charge pump is operable to convey a fluid from a fluid source toward the reaction chamber. The system also includes a check valve disposed between the charge pump and the reaction chamber. The check valve is operable to inhibit the flow of fluid from the reaction chamber toward the charge pump. A pressure intensifier is in fluid communication with the reaction chamber. The pressure intensifier is pneumatically operable to adjust a pressure in the reaction chamber. A controller is configured to control operation of the charge pump and the pressure intensifier. The controller is configured to pressurize the reaction chamber to a first pressure through operation of the charge pump. The controller is also configured to fluctuate the pressure in the reaction chamber between a second pressure and a third pressure through operation of the pressure intensifier.

Abstract translation: 压力循环系统包括配置成接收样品的反应室和与反应室流体连通的电荷泵。 电荷泵可操作以将流体从流体源传送到反应室。 该系统还包括设置在电荷泵和反应室之间的止回阀。 止回阀可操作以阻止流体从反应室朝向电荷泵的流动。 增压器与反应室流体连通。 增压器可气动地操作以调节反应室中的压力。 控制器被配置为控制电荷泵和增压器的操作。 控制器被配置为通过操作电荷泵将反应室加压至第一压力。 控制器还被配置为通过操作压力增加器来在第二压力和第三压力之间波动反应室中的压力。