Abstract:
A helicopter flight control system includes an automatic turn coordination system which provides a coordinating yaw command signal to the tail rotor of the helicopter. The system stores on command a trim attitude (e.g., signals indicative of bank angle, lateral ground speed, and lateral acceleration) about which automatic turn coordination is provided, thus providing the pilot with automatic turn coordination about attitudes other than wings level.
Abstract:
A helicopter flight control system includes a model following control system architecture which automatically provides a coordinating yaw command signal to the helicopter tail rotor to coordinate helicopter flight during a banked turn. The control system processes information from a variety of helicopter sensors in order to provide the coordinating yaw command signal on an output line to the tail rotor of the helicopter.
Abstract:
A composite torque tube (10) for a bearingless main rotor (BMR) assembly (100) that is optimally fabricated to meet torsional stiffness, fatigue strength, and buckling strength design constraints at minimal unit weight. The composite torque tube (10) includes a strengthened inboard section (12) for mechanically coupling the torque tube (10) in combination with the hub structure (120) of the BMR assembly, a strengthened outboard section (16) for mechanically coupling the torque tube (10) in combination with a corresponding main rotor blade, and an intermediate section (14) that is operative to accomodate the pitch, flapwise, and/or edgewise loads acting on the BMR assembly during operation thereof. The intermediate section (14) of the torque tube (10) has a constant wall thickness and is formed from continuous filament windings having a predetermined fiber orientation within a broad range of about +/- 18° to about +/- 40° and/or a narrow range of about +/- 26° to about +/- 35°. The torque tube (10) is preferably formed from continuous filament windings having an optimal fiber orientation of about +/- 35° to provide an intermediate section (14) having a minimal torque tube wall thickness.
Abstract:
An unmanned aerial vehicle (10) having a toroidal fuselage (20) that surrounds a pair of coaxial, multibladed, counter-rotating rotors (40). The toroidal fuselage (20) has an airfoil profile that is optimized to provide high hover efficiency and produce a pressure distribution that provide high lift forces. The airfoil profile is further optimized to counteract the undesirable nose-up pitching moments experienced by ducted rotary-type UAVs in forward translational flight.
Abstract:
A pitch change system (30) for varying the pitch of the blades (16) of a multibladed propulsor (10) comprises a pitch change actuation assembly (40) and a pitch change drive assembly (70) for selectively actuating the pitch change actuation assembly (40) whenever it is desired to change blade pitch. The pitch change actuation assembly (40) comprises a ballscrew (42), a ballscrew nut (44) threadably mounted to the ballscrew (42), and a pitch stop assembly (100) having a retractable feather stop (135) which in its normal position prevents the ballscrew (42) from driving the ballscrew nut (44) to move the blades (16) beyond the coarse pitch setting corresponding to blade feather, but in its retracted position permits the ballscrew (42) to drive the ballscrew nut (44) to move the blades (16) through feather to a desired reverse pitch setting.
Abstract:
A control system, having an input command signal and driving a prime mover, is provided with variable magnitude and/or rate input signal limiting that is adjusted by maps (68, 70, 72, 74) which set the limits for a variable magnitude limiter (14) and a variable rate limiter (22) as a function of the prime mover rate. The limiting is adjusted dynamically as the prime mover rate changes. When the prime mover enters an undesirable operating condition, the maps only limit the command signal in the direction of such condition. The adjustable limiting is enabled or disabled based on the position, rate, and/or acceleration of the prime mover.
Abstract:
A method of combusting an endothermic fuel (16) with staged rich/lean combustion includes transferring thermal energy from a heat source, such as the wall of a rich combustor, to an endothermic fuel decomposition catalyst (2) to cool the heat source and heat the fuel (16) and catalyst (2) to a temperature sufficient to endothermically decompose an endothermic fuel (16). The catalyst (2) is contacted with the fuel (16) to cause the fuel (16) to decompose into a reaction product stream (18). The reaction product stream (18) is mixed with a first air stream (20) to form a first fuel/air mixture having an equivalence ratio greater than 1 and the first fuel/air mixture is combusted in a rich combustion stage to produce a combustion product stream (24). The combustion product stream (24) is mixed with a second air stream (22) to form a second fuel/air mixture having an equivalence ratio less than 1 and the second fuel/air mixture is combusted in a lean combustion stage to produce an exhaust gas stream (26) containing decreased amounts of NOx. The invention also includes a system for practicing the method.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a structural member having a stiffener bead therein. Prepreg plies or layers of high tensile strength fabric are laid up on a conformable caul plate. A rubber-like plug is prefabricated to the shape of the stiffener bead and is urged into a stiffener bead cavity of the caul plate by a metal tool to sandwich the prepreg plies between the caul and the plug. The caul and the plug cooperate to cause the prepreg plies to conform to the desired shape of the stiffener bead.
Abstract:
A wedge-shaped block of pyrolytic graphite or other suitable anisotropic material cut along certain predetermined angular dimensions is used as a thermal expansion coefficient transformer to match the anisotropic thermal expansion coefficients of a lithium niobate or lithium tantalate IO chip to an isotropic substrate material such as 316 stainless steel or aluminum, or to match the isotropic thermal expansion coefficients of a silicon IO chip to an isotropic substrate material, the wedge being used as an intermediate block mounted between the IO chip and the substrate, the anisotropic material used as the thermal transformer having a thermal expansion coefficient which is greater than the value of the thermal expansion coefficient of the IO chip material in one direction, and having a thermal expansion coefficient which is lesser than the thermal expansion coefficient of the IO chip material in another direction.
Abstract:
A variable light filtering arrangement (10) includes at least one optical fiber section (11) including a waveguiding core (13), and at least one permanent Bragg grating region (12) in the optical fiber section. The grating region includes a plurality of grating elements constituted by periodic refractive index variations of a predetermined initial periodicity and cumulatively redirecting, of the light launched into the core for guided propagation therein, that having an axial wavelength within a narrow band around a central wavelength that is determined by the periodicity and refractive index variations of the grating elements. At least one of the periodicity and refractive index variations of the grating region is controlledly modified in such a manner as to temporarily change the central wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range.