Abstract:
Disclosed is a shell catalyst comprising: a) a supporting material selected among aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, thorium dioxide, silicon carbide, or mixtures thereof; and b) an active mass in the shell, containing vanadium (V), antimony (Sb), and at least one element selected among molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W) in an oxidic form, respectively. The supporting material is spherical or nearly spherical with a diameter ranging between 2 and 10 mm, or tubular. Also disclosed are a method for producing said shell catalyst as well as the use thereof in an ammoxidation process.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing (meth)acrylic acid esters by esterification of (meth)acrylic acid or transesterification of at least one (meth)acrylic acid ester with at least one compound that contains at least one OH group, in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst that contains at least one inorganic salt, the esterification or transesterification taking place in the presence of 300 to 3000 ppm water relative to the total weight of the reaction mixture.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing (meth)acrylic esters (F) of N,N‑substituted amino alcohols, by transesterifying N,N‑substituted amino alcohols (I) in which Y and Z are each independently C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkyl, aryl, or Y and Z together with the nitrogen atom connecting them form a 5‑ to 9‑membered saturated heterocyclic radical which optionally has oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl-substituted nitrogen as a further heteroatom, and X is C 2 -C 20 -alkylene which may be interrupted by 1 to 10 nonadjacent oxy groups and/or unsubstituted or methoxy-substituted C 1 -C 4 -alkylimino groups, or C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkylene, with at least one (meth)acrylic ester (D) in the presence of at least one heterogeneous catalyst (K), wherein the heterogeneous catalyst (K) is used without any further solvent and the content of polymerization inhibitors in the reaction mixture is
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing silylated monocarboxylic acids by conversion of C 2 -C 10 -Monocarboxylic acids having halogen silanes of the general formula (I) SiHal 4-x R x , wherein HaI is a halogen atom selected from the group fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, R is independent hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 -Alkyl or aryl and x is a whole number from 0 to 3, forming hydrogen halide in the presence of an auxiliary base, wherein the auxiliary base forms a salt with the hydrogen halide that, having the desired product or the solution of the desired product in a suitable solvent, forms two unmixable phases and is separated.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the heterogeneously-catalysed gas phase partial oxidation of an organic compound on a catalyst fixed bed in a multiple-contact fixed bed reactor, whereby the reduction in quality of the catalyst coating with increasing service duration is compensated by a partial catalyst exchange.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for filling a reactor with a catalyst, to the thus obtained reactors filled with said catalyst, and to the use thereof for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the heterogenically catalysed partial gas phase oxidation of propene to form acrylic acid. According to said method, the reaction starting mixture with a propene charge of
Abstract:
A lubricant composition having improved non-Newtonian viscometrics includes at least 85 weight percent of a base oil and 1 to 15 weight percent of a lubricant additive. The additive itself includes 10 to 80 weight percent of a diluent oil and 30 to 80 weight percent of a random co-polymeric viscosity index improver. The viscosity index improver is the free-radical polymerization product of at least 5 to 15 weight percent methyl methacrylate and 5 to 95 weight percent of a C8-C10 alkyl (meth)acrylate. The additive is formed using a method that includes the step of providing the diluent oil, the methyl methacrylate, the C8-C10 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and a free-radical initiator. The method also includes the steps of flowing the diluent oil into a reactor, flowing the methyl methacrylate and the C8-C10 alkyl (meth)acrylate into the reactor independently from the free-radical initiator, and flowing the free-radical initiator into the reactor.