Abstract:
Se describen los artículos poliméricos con chapa metálica que contienen recubrimientos metálicos de grano fino y/o amorfos, estructurales/capas que contienen opcionalmente partículas sólidas dispersas en éste. Los recubrimientos metálicos de grano fino y/o amorfos son particularmente adecuados para artículos fuertes y de peso ligero, moldes de precisión, artículos deportivos, partes automovilísticas y componentes expuestos a los ciclos térmicos, aunque el coeficiente de expansión térmica lineal (CLTE) de la capa metálica y el sustrato no sean similares. La interfase entre la capa metálica y el polímero es adecuadamente pretratada para resistir los ciclos térmicos sin falla.
Abstract:
Un artículo que comprende: a) un sustrato permanente que comprende un material polimérico; y b) un recubrimiento de material metálico de grano fino que tiene un tamaño medio de grano entre 2 nm y 750 nm, un espesor entre 25 micrones y 5 mm, una dureza entre 200 VHN y 3.000 VHN, cubriendo dicho material metálico de grano fino por lo menos una parte de dicho sustrato permanente.
Abstract:
Fine-grained (average grain size 1nm to 1,000nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
Abstract:
Se describen los recubrimientos metalicos de grano fino (tamano de grano promedio de 1 nm hasta 1,000 nm) que contienen opcionalmente particulados solidos dispersados en estos. Los materiales metalicos de grano fino son significativamente mas duros y mas fuertes que los recubrimientos convencionales de la misma composicion quimica, debido al reforzamiento de may-Petch, y tienen bajos coeficientes lineales de expansion termica (CTEs). La invencion proporciona los medios para igualar el CTE del recubrimiento metalico de grano fino a uno del sustrato, a aquel del sustrato, mediante el ajuste de la composicion de la aleacion y/o, mediante la variacion de la quimica y la fraccion volumetrica de los particulados incrustados en el recubrimiento. Los recubrimientos metalicos de grano fino son particularmente adecuados para articulos fuertes y de peso ligero, moldes de precision, articulos deportivos, partes automovilisticas y componentes expuestos al ciclo termico. Los bajos CTEs y la habilidad para igualar los CTEs de los recubrimientos metalicos de grano fino con los CTEs del sustrato, reducen al minimo los cambios dimensionales durante el ciclo termico y previenen la falla prematura.
Abstract:
A reinforcing metallic patch is electroplated to cover the degraded portion without covering the non-degraded portion of metallic workpiece, where the electrodeposited metal of metallic patch has an average grain size of 1000 nm or less. An independent claim is also included for process for in-situ electroforming structural reinforcing layer.
Abstract:
A reinforcing metallic patch is electroplated to cover the degraded portion without covering the non-degraded portion of metallic workpiece, where the electrodeposited metal of metallic patch has an average grain size of 1000 nm or less. An independent claim is also included for process for in-situ electroforming structural reinforcing layer.
Abstract:
A process for producing nanocrystalline materials, and in particular nanocrystalline nickel having an average grain size of less than about 11 nanometers is described. The nanocrystalline material is electrodeposited onto the cathode in an aqueous acidic electrolytic cell by application of a pulsed D.C. current. The cell electrolyte also contains a stress reliever, such as saccharin, which helps to control the grain size. The novel product of the invention find utility as wear resistant coatings, hydrogen storage materials, magnetic materials and as catalysts for hydrogen evolution.
Abstract:
Free standing articles or articles at least partially coated with substantially porosity free, fine-grained and/or amorphous Co-bearing metallic materials optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein, are disclosed. The electrodeposited metallic layers and/or patches comprising Co provide, enhance or restore strength, wear and/or lubricity of substrates without reducing the fatigue performance compared to either uncoated or equivalent thickness Cr coated substrate. The fine-grained and/or amorphous metallic coatings comprising Co are particularly suited for articles exposed to thermal cycling, fatigue and other stresses and/or in applications requiring anti-microbial and hydrophobic properties.
Abstract:
Lightweight articles comprising a polymeric material at least partially coated with a fine-grained metallic material are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic material has an average grain size of 2nm to 5,000nm, a thickness between 25 micron and 5cm, and a hardness between 200VHN and 3,000 VHN. The lightweight articles are strong and ductile and exhibit high coefficients of restitution and a high stiffness and are particularly suitable for a variety of applications including aerospace and automotive parts, sporting goods, and the like.
Abstract:
Fine-grained (average grain size 1nm to 1,000nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.