Abstract:
Sels métalliques de la formule générale (I) dans laquelle M représente un ou plusieurs ions métalliques, y est la valence totale de tous les M et A représente un ou plusieurs groupes contenant des anions ayant un total d'environ y fractions anioniques individuelles et chaque groupe contenant des anions est un groupe de la formule (II) dans laquelle T est choisi dans le groupe constitué de (V) ou (VI) dans lesquelles chaque R5 est indépendamment choisi parmi O- et OR6, dans laquelle R6 est H ou alkyle et chaque t est indépendamment 0 ou 1, dans laquelle chaque Ar est indépendamment un groupe aromatique de 4 à environ 30 atomes de carbone ayant de 0 à 3 substituants optionnels choisis dans le groupe constitué de polyalcoxyalkyle, alcoxy inférieur, nitro, halo ou des combinaisons de deux ou plusieurs desdits substituants optionnels, ou un analogue d'un tel groupe aromatique, dans laquelle T est défini plus haut, chaque R est indépendamment alkyle, alcényle ou aryle ayant au moins 8 atomes de carbone, R1 est H ou un groupe hydrocarbyle, R2 et R3 sont chacun indépendamment H ou un groupe hydrocarbyle, chaque m est indépendamment un nombre entier allant de 1 à environ 10, x va de 0 à environ 8, et chaque Z est indépendamment OH, (OR4)bOH ou O- dans laquelle chaque R4 est indépendamment un groupe hydrocarbyle bivalent et b est un nombre allant de 1 à environ 30 et c va de 0 à environ 3 à condition que lorsque t de la formule (II) = 0, ou lorsque T est la formule (V), c n'est pas égal à O à condition que la somme de m, c et t ne dépasse pas les valences non satisfaites du Ar correspondant. Des concentrés d'adjuvants destinés à préparer des lubrifiants et des carburants autres que des compositions de lubrifiants et de carburants pour des moteurs à deux temps, ainsi que des compositions lubrifiantes et des compositions de carburant autres que celles destinées aux moteurs à deux temps sont également décrits.
Abstract:
Succinimide derivatives represented by the formula: wherein X is selected from wherein R is a hydrocarbon-based group containing from about 8 up to about 35 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group containing up to 8 carbon atoms; and R3 is a hydrocarbon-based group containing up to about 28 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.
Abstract:
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per gallon of fuel. The fuel provides acceptable valve seat protection in eingines designed to operate on leaded fuels. A further aspect of the invention is to reduce deposit formation within the cylinders.
Abstract:
A method of operating a turbo charged diesel engine is provided where a viscosity increasing component in a diesel fuel composition is used, to improve the acceleration performance, at low engine speeds (for example up to 2200 rpm). This method may be used for reducing the engine speed at which the turbo charger reaches its maximum speed when accelerating at low engine speeds, or reducing the time taken for the turbo charger to reach its maximum speed. It may mitigate a deterioration in the acceleration performance of the engine due to another cause. The VK 40 of the resultant fuel composition is suitably 2.8 mm2/s (centistokes) or greater. The viscosity increasing component may in particular be a Fischer-Tropsch derived fuel component, an oil or a fatty acid alkyl ester. A density increasing component may be used in the fuel composition together with the viscosity increasing component.
Abstract:
A method of operating a turbo charged diesel engine is provided where a viscosity increasing component in a diesel fuel composition is used, to improve the acceleration performance, at low engine speeds (for example up to 2200 rpm). This method may be used for reducing the engine speed at which the turbo charger reaches its maximum speed when accelerating at low engine speeds, or reducing the time taken for the turbo charger to reach its maximum speed. It may mitigate a deterioration in the acceleration performance of the engine due to another cause. The VK 40 of the resultant fuel composition is suitably 2.8 mm2/s (centistokes) or greater. The viscosity increasing component may in particular be a Fischer-Tropsch derived fuel component, an oil or a fatty acid alkyl ester. A density increasing component may be used in the fuel composition together with the viscosity increasing component.
Abstract:
The disclosure provides conductivity improving concentrates and methods for improving conductivity and reducing risks associated with static discharge in middle distillate fuel compositions, particularly diesel fuels. The conductivity improvement is provided by the combination of a detergent and a cold flow improver, which are preferably and advantageously pre-blended in an additive concentrate. The disclosure is particularly beneficial for ultra-low sulfur fuel compositions in that it provides a conductivity benefit without adding sulfur into the fuel composition.
Abstract:
The invention concerns semi-fluorinated alkanes of the general formulae RFRH and RFRHRF, RF being a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group and RH being a linear or branched saturated (hydrocarbon)-alkyl group.
Abstract:
Disclosed is composition useful for reducing the concentration of mercaptans in hydrocarbons comprising: (A) a first diazo component and (B) a second component comprising a nucleophilic acceptor. The composition can be added to hydrocarbons such as fuel oil to reduce mercaptans without increasing turbidity or color. Triethylene diamine and 1,2-epoxyhexadecane are disclosed to be exemplary diazo and nucleophilic acceptor components.
Abstract:
An additive for lubricant or fuel, comprising at least one member selected from substituted hydroxy aromatic ester derivatives represented by general formulae (I) and (II), (wherein R1 through R5 represent each an organic group having six or more carbon atoms; a, b, d, e, k and m represent each 1 to 3; c, f, g, i and j represent each 0 to 3; h represents 0 to 4, provided f+g=1 to 3 and h+i=1 to 6); a lubricant or fuel additive composition containing the same; and a lubricant or fuel composition containing the same. The additive is suitable as an ashless cleaning agent that is excellent in high-temperature stability and can substitute for metallic cleaning agents. The lubricant or fuel composition containing the same is suitable as an internal-combustion engine lubricant or fuel capable of coping with future severe exhaust gas regulation.