Abstract:
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy apparatus for use in analysing a sample comprising a sample receiving location (2) for receiving a sample (3) for analysis; an illumination arrangement (4) for directing light towards a received sample; a detector (6) for detecting light reflected by a received sample; and collection optics (5) for directing light reflected by a received sample towards the detector. The illumination arrangement further comprises an interferometer (42) and a half beam block (45a, 45b) which is disposed substantially at a focus in the optical path for blocking light which exits the interferometer, passes said focus, and is reflected from reentering the interferometer. A half beam block (45a) may be disposed in the optical path between the interferometer and the light source (41) for blocking light that exits the interferometer back towards the light source and is reflected by the light source from re-entering the interferometer and/or a half beam block (45b) may be disposed in the optical path on the opposite side of the interferometer than the light source.
Abstract:
A shutter assembly for use with a spectrometer having at least one source of optical radiation such as at least one laser capable of generating an excitation light beam having an illumination path. The shutter assembly includes a shutter having at least one of (i) at least one calibration material capable of generating a consistent spectrum within wavelengths utilizable by the spectrometer and (ii) a mirror capable of diverting at least one of the illumination path and a collection path relative to a calibration standard capable of generating a consistent spectrum within wavelengths utilizable by the spectrometer. The shutter assembly further includes a mechanism capable of moving the shutter into at least a first position in the path of the light beam and a second position out of the path of the light beam to enable a sample to be analyzed.
Abstract:
A controllable light angle selecting device (100) is provided. It comprises a fixed light selecting means (110) adapted to transmit light incident thereon within a limited acceptance angle, optically connected to at least one light redirecting means (120) capable of obtaining a variable angular difference between light entering said light redirecting means (120) and light exiting said light redirecting means. A photometer, comprising a controllable light angle selector arranged in the path of light between a light source and a light measuring sensor is also provided.
Abstract:
A radiation pulse, such as from a solar simulator, is spectrally analyzed over a selected sampling pulse that is shorter in duration than the radiation pulse and is timed to begin after the start of the radiation pulse. A deformable membrane mirror is controlled to function as a high speed shutter in the path of the radiation pulse. When not deformed, the mirror reflects the radiation pulse into an optical instrument, such as a spectroradiometer. A sampling pulse is generated for a selected time after the start of the radiation pulse and is applied to the mirror to ensure total reflection of the radiation pulse only for the duration of the sampling pulse. Controls are provided to adjust the start time and duration of the sampling pulse, and to adjust the sensitivity of sensing the start of the radiation pulse.
Abstract:
A flicker photometer comprises generating means (1, 8, 4) for generating two beams of light of different colours. Both beams are directed to a viewing means (190), and a subject can vary the intensity of light from one beam relative to the other. The colour of the light seen by the subject is caused to alternate by a shutter (18) which is rotated about an axis by a motor, the shutter having a portion which extends non-perpendicularly relative to the axis to facilitate a compact construction of photometer. The performance of the photometer is improved by screens which scatter light before it reaches the subject. A first of the screens reflects light from one beam, whilst a second screen transmits light from the other. If light of wavelengths to which the eye is less sensitive is passed through the second screen, whilst light of a wavelength to which the eye is more sensitive passes through the first screen, the screens help to make it practicable for the generating means to use a single lamp (1) to produce the light for both beams.
Abstract:
A multifunctional infrared spectrometer system (20) has an interferometer (27) which receives the infrared beam from a source (22) and provides a modulated output beam on beam paths to multiple spatially separated infrared detectors (77, 88). A multi-position mirror element (64) mounted at a junction position (63) receives the beam on a main beam path and directs it on branch beam paths to sample positions, with the beam then being directed on the branch beam path to one of the detectors (77, 88). One of the branch beam paths may include a sample holder (80) at the sample position which can index between a position at which a sample is analyzed, to a reference material position, or to a pass-through position for calibration purposes. The multi-position mirror element (64) may also be indexed to direct the beam on a branch path to a fiber optic cable (70, 76) including a probe (71). The multi-position mirror element (64) may be moved to a position at which the beam is directed on a beam path to and through an integrating sphere to a sample.
Abstract:
Dispositivo (1) para la detección de las propiedades de un fluido (F) a examinar, que comprende una fuente de luz (2) para emitir una pluralidad de haces de luz (L), siendo uno de dichos haces de luz (L) un haz de medición (3) previsto para atravesar dicho fluido (F), y siendo otro haz de luz (L) un haz de referencia (4) previsto para eludir dicho fluido (F), con un dispositivo de enmascaramiento móvil (5) conectado a continuación de dicha fuente de luz (2), que está previsto para cubrir los haces de luz (L) y que está dispuesto para ser transferible entre una primera posición (P1) que libera el haz de medida (3) y cubre el haz de referencia (4) y una segunda posición (P2) que cubre el haz de medida (3) y libera el haz de referencia (4), y que tiene un detector de luz (6) conectado a continuación del dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5), estando el dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5) dispuesto para ser transferible a una tercera posición (P3, P3', P3"), P3") en la que los haces de luz (L) emitidos por la fuente de luz (2) se cubren de forma diferente en comparación con la primera posición (P1) y la segunda posición (P2) del dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5), donde un parámetro de salida del detector de luz (6) influenciado por los haces de luz (L) en la tercera posición (P3, P3', P3'') es diferente del parámetro de salida del detector de luz (6) en la primera posición (P1) y en la segunda posición (P2) del dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5), caracterizado porque se proporciona una unidad de procesamiento (8) después del detector de luz (6), cuya unidad de procesamiento (8) está diseñada para detectar un bloqueo del movimiento del dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5) mediante la comparación de los parámetros de salida del detector de luz (6) en la primera posición (P1), la segunda posición (P2) y la tercera posición (P3, P3', P3'') del dispositivo de enmascaramiento (5).